Effect of Granite Dust on Engineering Properties of Lime Stabilized Black Cotton Soil

Effect of Granite Dust on Engineering Properties of Lime Stabilized Black Cotton Soil

Effect of Granite Dust on Engineering Properties of Lime Stabilized Black Cotton Soil

Jagmohan Mishra1 R. K.Yadav2 A. K. Singhai3

1M.E. Student, Civil Engg. Deptt., Jabalpur Engineering College,Jabalpur, India.

2AssociateProfessor, Civil Engg. Deptt., Jabalpur Engineering College, Jabalpur, India.

3Associate Professor,Civil Engg. Deptt., Jabalpur Engineering College, Jabalpur, India.

Abstract.

This paper presents the effect of granite dust on the engineering characteristics of BC soil stabilised with 5% lime. A laboratory study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of granite dust as a soil stabilizer. Soil sample containing 5% lime and 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of granite dust were prepared and compaction characteristic and California bearing ratio test were conducted as per relevant IS code of practise.

The test results revealed that the compaction parameters and CBR values of the soil are improved substantially with the addition of the granite dust.

It is also found that the swelling of the BC soil is almost controlled. The result showed the CBR value increased from 1.7% to 7.15%, the optimum moisture content have been reduced from 22% to 14.3% and the maximum dry density have been increased from 1.58 g/cc to 1.88 g/cc.

The conclusion drawn from this experimental work is that the expansive clay like black cotton soil can be stabilized by the combination of lime and stone dust to control its swelling nature and increase the stability.

Keyword. Black cotton soil, granite dust, California bearing ratio, compaction characteristics.

Introduction.

Black cotton soil is an expansive soil found in many parts of India. It contains montmonrollite minerals due to this these soil has a tendency swell and shrink excessively with the change inmoisture content.

To achieve the economy and proper performance founded on such soils it is necessary to check the expansive behaviour and improve the strength characteristic of such weak soils.

The Granite dust is a waste product produced in granite industry while cutting huge granite rocks to the desired shapes. About 3000 metric ton of granite dust/slurry is produced per day as a by- product during manufacturing of granite tiles and slabs from the raw blocks. The marble and granite cutting industries are dumping these wastes in nearby pits or open lands. This leads to serious environmental pollution and occupation of vast area of land especially after the slurry dries up.

This study envisages the effect of granite dust on compaction characteristics (OMC & MDD), California bearing ratio (CBR) and swelling characteristics (DFS) of black cotton soil mixed with %

% Lime and 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% granite dust by weight of dry soil.

Literature Review.

Number of studies has been conducted by various researchers on the use of industrial waste materials to improve the performance of weak soils.Cokca (2001) studied the effect of Fly ash on the expansive soil. He found that the plasticity index, activity and swelling potential of the samples decreased with increasing percent stabilizer and curing time and the optimum content of fly ash in decreasing the swell potential was found to be 20%. Also concluded that both high calcium and low calcium class C fly ashes can be recommended as effective stabilizing agents for improvement expansive soils.

Kumar S, et al. (2012) studied the effect of silica and calcium extracted from rice husk ash on geotechnical properties of expansive soils. They concluded that the characteristics of such soils are improved remarkably.

Ali M.S. et al. (2011) presented the effect of stone dust and fly ash on characteristics of fly ash. They concluded that there is a marked improvement in the properties of expansive soil if stone dust and fly ash is mixed in equal proportions. There is a significant control in the swelling behaviour of the expansive clay.

Similarly many researchersKamon et al.(1994),Yorimichi, K. et al. (1999),Rezende,L.R. et al. (2003), Phanikumar et al. (2004), Qian Guoping et al. (2011), Kumar Sabat. (2012), Osman Sivrikaya (2013)have investigated the use of industrial wastes like fly ash, granite mill tailings, marble dusts, other stone wastes to improve the properties of weak/ expansive soils. They concluded that these industrial wastes can increase the strength and decrease the swelling behaviour of expansive soils if mixed in optimum proportions.

Experimental Programme.

The Black Cotton Soil used in the present investigation was collected from Bilheri area of Jabalpur town of Madhya Pradesh state. The properties of Black Cotton Soil are shown in table 1.

Table 1. Engineering Properties of black cotton soil.

The granite dust was collected from the plant located near the granite quarry near Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh. The grain size distribution of the dust is presented in Table 2. The specific gravity of granite dust was found to be 2.69.

Table 2. Particle size distribution of granite dust

Results and Discussion.

Results of various tests are summarized in table 3.

Table 3. Results of Various Tests

Where,

CL0G0 = BC Soil + 0% Lime +0 % Granite Dust CL5G0 = BC Soil + 5% Lime + 0% Granite Dust CL5G10 = BC Soil + 5% Lime + 10% Granite Dust CL5G20 = BC Soil + 5% Lime + 20% Granite Dust CL5G30 = BC Soil + 5% Lime + 30% Granite Dust

25

22

20

16.5

15.4

15.1

SAMPLE TYPE

10

5

0

14.3

15

OMC (%)

CL0G0

CL5G0

CL5G10

CL5G20

CL5G30

Fig 1. Effect of Granite dust on Optimum Moisture Content

2

DRY DENSITY (g/cc)

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.58

1.64

1.72

1.88

1.81

1.5

CL0G0

CL5G0

CL5G10

CL5G20

CL5G30

1.4

SAMPLE TYPE

Fig 2. Effect of Granite dust on Maximum Dry Density

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

SAMPLE TYPE

C B R (%)

CL0G0

CL5G0

CL5G10

CL5G20

CL5G30

Fig 3. Effect of Granite dust on California Bearing Ratio

%

60 56.6

Differential Free Swell (DFS)

50

40

30

20

10

CL0G0

CL5G0

CL5G10

CL5G20

CL5G30

0

20

11.1

5.26 4.1

SAMPLE TYPE

Fig 4. Variation OF Differential Free Swell (DFS) with Granite Dust Content

Conclusions.

The following conclusions can be drawn on the basis of test results obtained from the experimental work conducted on soil samples containing lime stabilised BC soil and granite dust in different proportions.

1. There is a marked reduction in the expansive behaviour of the BC soil mixed with Lime and Granite dust. The differential free swell (DFS) reduces from 56.6% to 4.1%.

2. The lime stabilised B C Soil mixed with different percentage of granite dust has changed the Proctor Compaction parameters. The optimum moisture content has decreased from22% to 14.3% and the maximum dry density has increased from 1.58g/cc to 1.88g/cc with the increase in granite dust content.

3. The addition of granite dust to the lime stabilised BC soil improved the soaked CBR considerably. The addition of 5% lime and 30% granite dustincrease the CBR 1.7% to 7.15%.

From this laboratory investigation it can be concluded that the soft clay like BC soil can be effectively stabilised with the addition of lime and granite dust to check it swelling behaviour and increase the strength and stability characteristics.

References.

1. Ali. M.S, and Koranne. S.S. (2011) Performance Analysis of Expansive Soil Treated with Granite dust and Fly ash. EJGE Vol. 16 Bund. I, pp. 973-982.

2. Cokca, E. (2001) Use of class C fly ashes for the stabilization- of an expansive soil, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenviormental Engineering, Vol. 127, pp. 568-573.

3. IS: 2720 (Part 38) 1976 Compaction Control Test. (Hilf Method), BIS New Delhi.

4. IS: 2720 (Part 5) 1970 Determination of Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit. BIS New Delhi.

5. Kumar S. Prasanna. M. (2012). Silica and calcium effect on geo-technical properties of expansive soil extracted from rice husk ash IPCBEE vol.3 2.

6. Kumar Sabat. (2012) A Study on Some Geotechnical Properties of Stabilised Expansive Soil Quarry Dust Mixes Issue 2, vol.1.1.

7. Kamon, M. and Katsumi, T. (1994). Potential utilization of waste rock powder. Proc of the First International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics, biTEch, Vancouver , British Columbia, pp. 287-292.

8. Mahzuz. H. M. A. and Ahmed.A. A. M. (2010) Use of stone powder in concrete and mortar as an alternative of sand African. J. Environ. Sci. Technology.

9. Nayak N. V. and R. W, Christensen.(1971) Swelling Characteristics Of Compacted, Expansive Soils Vol. 19,pp. 251-261.

10. Ola, S.A. (1978). Geotechnical properties and Behaviour of some stabilized Nigerian Laterite Soil Q.T.J, Engrg. Geo. London Vol III pp. 145-160.

11. Phanikumar, B.R. and Sharma, R.S. (2004). Effect of flysash on engg properties of expansive soil, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenviormental Engineering Vol. 130(7), 464-767.

12. Qian. Guoping, Huang. Tuo and Bai.Shiyao (2011) Use of cement-stablized granite mill tailings as pavement subbase. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, pp. 1575-1578.

13. Rezende, L.R. and Carvalho, J.C. (2003). The use of quarry waste in pavement construction.Resources, Conservation & recycling, 39. Pp. 91-105.

13. Yorimichi, K. and Kazuhiko, N. (1999). Experimental studies on cement stabilization of soft clay utilizing waste rock powder as a supplement material. Proc. Jpn. Soc. Civil Engg.Pp. 1-12(in Japanese).