Ku Band Microstrip Linear Array Configurations

Ku Band Microstrip Linear Array Configurations

Mr. Waikar P. D.

Assistant Professor,

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication, Rajendra Mane College of Engineering & Technology ambav, India

Mr. Joshi A. P.

Assistant Professor,

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication, Rajendra Mane College of Engineering & Technology ambav India

Abstract Micro-strip antenna arrays can be used for various Ku band applications. They are relatively inexpensive to manufacture and design because of its simple 2-dimensional physical geometry. The Ku band Micro-strip antennas can be used in light weight radars, ground based fire-detection system & VSAT. In this paper the Design of a Micro-strip antenna for single element and array configurations of 1×2 & 1×4 are presented .Three different configurations are designed and simulated for a single patch, 2 and 4 element arrays at 16 GHz. The substrate used is FR4 of dielectric constant (r) of 4.2 and height (h) 1.6 mm. The microstrip corporate feed structure is used for ease of antenna fabrication. All the patches are rectangular in shape with same dimensions. The Simulation of micro-strip antenna array configuration is done by using HFSS (high frequency structural simulator) version 11 and the results are obtained which show increase in gain and bandwidth with the increase in patch elements. S parameters and VSWR of all the configurations are studied in detail.

Keywords Antenna arrays, Bandwidth, Corporate feed, Ku band, VSWR

= (3)

reff = + (4)

The detail dimensions of a single element microstrip patch and transmission lines are shown in the table 1.

Table1

Single patch dimensions

1. INTRODUCTION

   The three configurations of a single patch, 1×2 & 1×4 are proposed in detail. The increment in the gain, directivity and bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is a primary goal of the presented paper. The operating frequency of microstrip antenna is 16GHz [1] comes under the ku band microwave frequencies used for long distance satellite communication.

   The design of three configurations is mainly intended for ku band application requires the high gain, directivity & bandwidth. [2]

2. THEORETICAL FORMULATION

1. Single element microstrip antenna formation

   The operating frequency of a single element is 16 GHz. The antenna is simulated on FR4 substrate with thickness of1.6mm and relative dielectric constant of 4.4.The microstrip line feed is used for providing the excitation. The inset feed technique is employed for the impedance matching. The mathematical formulation is done by using the following equations [3]

   (1)

   -2 (2)

2. 1×2 microstrip antenna array formation

   The 1×2 microstip antenna array is simulated on the similar FR4 substrate with same specification as that of the single element. The microstrip line with inset feed technique is employed for excitation. The detail dimensions of 1×2 array is shown in table2.

   Table2

   1×2 microstrip array dimensions

   Patch
   length	4.4mm
   width	6.4mm
   Transmission line 50
   length	3.4mm
   width	2.8mm
   Transmission line 100
   length	6.85 mm
   width	0.7 mm

3. 1×4 microstrip antenna array formation

The 1×4 microstip antenna array is simulated on the similar FR4 substrate with same specification as that of the single element & 1x2array.The microstrip line with inset feed technique is employed for excitation The quarter wave transformer of 70 line is used[4] .The detail dimensions of 1×4 array is shown in table3.

Table3

1×4 microstrip array dimensions

III SIMULATION & RESULTS

1. Simulation of a single patch

   The simulated model of a single patch in HFSS [5] is shown in Fig.1

   Fig.1: single patch layout in HFSS

2. The HFSS results of a simulated model a single patch

   The performance parameter of a single patch is shown in Table4.The VSWR is shown in Fig.2.The 3-D gain is shown in fig. 3. The S11 response is shown in fig. 4.

   Table4

   Single patch performance parameter

   VSWR	1.96 at 16 GHz
   gain	4.8db
   bandwidth	0.650GHz
   S11 response	-9.88 db at 15.94 GHz

   Fig.2: VSWR of a single patch

   Fig.3: 3D gain of a single patch

   Fig.4: S11 of a single patch

3. Simulation of a 1x2microstrip array

   The simulated model of 1x2microstrip array in HFSS is shown in Fig.8.

   Fig.5: 1x2microstriparray layout in HFSS

4. The HFSS results of a simulated model 1×2 array The performance parameter of 1×2 microstrip array is shown in Table5. VSWR is shown in Fig.6.The 3-D gain is shown in fig.7. The S11 response is shown in fig.9.

   Fig.7: 3D gain of 1×2 microstrip array

   Table5

   1×2 microstrip array performance parameter

   VSWR	1.49 at 15.86 GHz
   gain	6.5db
   bandwidth	1.8GHz
   S11 response	-26.80 db at 16.52GHz

   Fig.6: VSWR of 1×2 microstrip array

   Fig.8: S11 of 1×2 microstrip array

5. Simulation of a 1x4microstrip array

   The simulated model of 1×4 microstrip array in HFSS is shown in Fig.9

   Fig.9: 1x4microstriparray layout in HFSS

6. The HFSS results of a simulated model 1×4 array

The performance parameter of 1x4microstrip array is shown in Table6. VSWR is shown in Fig.10.The 3-D gain is shown in fig. 11. The S11 response is shown in

Table6

1×4 microstrip array performance parameter

Fig.10: VSWR of 1×4 microstrip array

Fig.11: 3D gain of 1×4 microstrip array

Fig.12: S11 of 1×4 microstrip array

III COMPARISON & CONCLUSION