Prospects of Multi-Stages Hydro Power Plant in-India

Prospects of Multi-Stages Hydro Power Plant in-India

Ramesh Chand M.Tech. Student MANIT Bhopal India

Dr.Charu Parashar

Professor MANIT Bhopal India

Abstract–Now these days India is suffering from more energy crises due to more industrialization. So, India has to search the other option of energy to avoid the energy crises. There hydro power is already exist option to reduce the energy crises and should capacity increase of large hydro power plant because hydro power is new important only next to the thermal power. The power plant is simple in concept and self- contained in operation. Its reliability is generation that of the power source. To convert the single stage hydro power plant into multi-stage hydro power plant is more suitable option to increase the capacity of large hydro power plants.

1. INTRODUCTION

   Power is a very important structure of the overall progress of a nation. It is the tool to copy the financial growth of a country [1]. India mostly depends on thermal power [2].There is a need to promote the renewable energy[3].There has been therefore, an ever-increasing need for more power generation recently in all the countries of the world.

   In a true international view of the power demand, it can be said with faith that all the countries of the world are now actually facing energy emergency and are busy expressing methods and devices to explore the various possibilities of energy generation for satisfying the growth demand[4]. As such, it is observable that there has to be a fresh judgement of energy producing resources and formulation of programmes for the operation of plans with maximum efficiency[5].

   1. Classification of hydro power plants

      Hydro Power Plant	Capacity
      Pico	5 kW
      Micro	5kW-100 kW
      Mini	100kW-2 MW
      Small	2-25 MW
      Medium	25- 100 MW
      Large	Above 100 MW

      Table-1.2Classification of hydro power plants Source-MM Deshmukh

   2. Source of energy in India

      India is mostly depend on thermal power 59% and then at renewable 29% (12% solar and wind + 17% hydro)

      Fig. Source of energy (source-MOP 2012)

   3. Types of hydro schemes

      1. Single Stage hydro Schemes

      2. Multi-Stages hydro Schemes (a). Single Stage hydro Schemes

   In this scheme makes only one reservoir and one power house. Examples are Indira Sagar hydro project, Omkareswar hydro project shown in fig. (a).

   Fig- (a) Single Stage hydro schemes

   (b). Multi-Stages Hydro schemes

   A series of hydro power plants developed at same water passage with some gap (not greater than 2km). In multi- stages hydro schemes makes two or more reservoir and at every reservoir make a power house. First reservoir make large compare with other reservoirs shown in fig (b).

   Examples-Tehri Dam(UK),Bhakra Dam (Punjab) Chamera Dam, (Himachal Pradesh) etc.

   Fig.-(b).Three Stage hydro schemes

2. CAPACITY ANALYSIS

   Capacity with single stage and with multi stages of hydro power plants which are already multi stages. There is a table, in which capacity comparison of power plants is given If they are single stage and now are multi stages

   Let X= Installed Capacity MW [Plant is multi-stages] Y= Capacity [If Plant was single stage] MW

   = [No. of units x highest capacity] MW

   Z= Capacity improved with multistage (%) = (X- Y)/Y x 100 %

   Hydro Project	Stages	X	Y	Z
   Tehri Dam, UK	Three	2400	1000	140
   Bhakra Dam, PB	Two	1325	785	68
   Chamera Dam, HP	Two	1071	540	98
   Uri-hydro project, J&K	Two	720*	480	50
   Parbati Project, HP	Two	1320	800	65
   Srisailam Dam, AP	Two	1670	900	85
   Sharavathi Dam, Karnatka	Three	1469	1035	42
   Kalinadi Dam, Karnatka	Five	1240	750	65
   Nagarjuna Sagar, AP	Three	965	705	36
   Konya Dam, MH	Four	1960	1000	96
   Sardar Sarovar Dam, GJ	Two	1450	1200	20
   Hirakund Dam, Odisha	Four	347.5	112	209
   Teesta Low Dam, WB	Two	292*	160	82
   Total		16229	9468	71

   Table-Multistage hydro power plant in India Source- MNRE India.

   *under construction Capacity improved

   =[ ] 100

   Capacity improved = [16229 9468] 100 =

   9468

   71.40%

   So from above result we can find the average new capacity of single stage hydro power plants when they will convert into multi-stage hydro power plant.

   Let X= Installed Capacity MW [Plant is single stages] Y= Capacity [If Plant will multi-single stage] MW

   =(1+ 0.71) x X

   Table-Single stage large hydro power plant in INDIA Source- MNRE India.

   Hydro Project	Stage	X	Y
   AD hydro, HP	Single	192	329
   Nathpa Jakri, HP	Single	1500	2571
   Karcham, HP	Single	1000	1714
   Dehar, HP	Single	990	1542
   Salal, J&K	Single	690	1182
   Pong, HP	Single	396	678
   Dulhasti, J&K	Single	390	668
   Baspa-II, HP	Single	300	514
   Bairasuil, HP	Single	180	308
   Sewa, J&K	Single	120	205
   Idukki, Kerla	Single	780	1336
   Methur, TN	Single	240	411
   Indira Sagar, MP	Single	1000	1714
   Omkareshwar, MP	Single	50	891
   Bargi, MP	Single	105	179
   Teesta-V, Sikkim	Single	510	874
   Lower Subansiri, AP	Single	2000	3428
   Total		10913	18441

3. RESULTS

   Chart Title

   20000

   15000

   10000

   5000

   0

   Now multi- now single stage stage

   Single-Stage Multi-Stages Column1

   If all large hydro power schemes will convert into multi- stages hydro schemes then capacity of hydro power of India will increase with 71.40%.

4. CONCLUSION

   Our country is suffering from energy crises, so energy generation should increase to avoid this crises of energy. There is an idea, if we convert the single stage hydro power plants into multistage hydro power plants, then we can increase the capacity of country of electricity generation.

5. REFERENCES

[1]. Capik M, Yilmaz AQ,Cavusoglu I. Hydropower for sustainable energy development in Turkey; the small hydro power case of the Estern Black Sea region. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2012; 16:6160-72.

[2] Ummaadisingu A,Soni MS concentrating solar power- technology, potential and policy in India. Renewable and sustainable Energy Reviews 2011;15:5169-75.

[3]. Singh R, Sood YR. Transmission tariff for restructured Indian power sector with special consideration to promotion of renewable energy sources. IEEE TENCON Conference 2009:1-7.

[4]. Ministry of power. Available :http://www.powermin.nic.in; [accessed on September 25, 2012] [5]. Singh A. A market for renewable energy credits in the Indian power sector. Renewable and Sustainable Energy reviews 2009;13:643-52.

[6]. MNRE India