Earthquake Resistant Building and Disaster Management

Earthquake Resistant Building and Disaster Management

Ilackiya. S,

II nd Year Civil Engineering.

Ck College Of Engineering & Technology JayaramNagar, Chellangkuppam, Cuddalore 607003.

EARTHQUAKE:

• Earthquake occurs when to tectonic plates move suddenly against each other.

• Earthquake is also known as temblors.

• Waves spread from the epicenter, the point on the surface above the hypo centre.

• During earthquake rock suddenly shift from their position and fracture occur on the earth surface.

• Ground shaking from earthquake can collapse buildings, bridges, phone services etc.,

  TECHNIQUES TO RESIST EARTHQUAKE

• Active and passive system

• Shear walls

• Bracing

• Dampers

• Rollers

• Isolation

• Light weight material

• Bands

• Others

  BASE ISOLATION

• Introduce flexibility to the structure.

• Building is rested on flexible pads (base isolators)

• When earthquake strikes the building does not moves

• It is suitable for hard soil only

• In India base isolation technique was first demonstrated after 1993 killari earthquake.

  SEISMIC DAMPERS

  TYPES OF SEISMIC DAMPERS

• Viscous dampers (energy is absorbed by silicone-based fluid passing between piston cylinder arrangement).

• Friction dampers (energy is absorbed by surfaces with friction between them rubbing against each other).

• Yielding dampers (energy is absorbed by metallic components that yield).

• Viscoelastic dampers (energy is absorbed by utilizing the controlled shearing of solids).

• Immediate steps must be taken to preserve our environment for our future generation.

  SHEAR WALL

• Vertically oriented wide beams

• It carries seismic loads down to the bottom of foundation

• Provides large strength and stiffness to buildings.

• Thickness generally varies from

  150mm to 400mm in high rise buildings.

  AVOID SOFT STOREY- CONTINUE WALLS IN GROUND STOREY

  LIGHT WEIGHT MATERIAL

• The group called paksbab is to find the solution for all problems.

• It is to protect and improve the lives of the poor, especially in seismic and temperature region.

• It is simple load bearing design.

• Made with locally fabricated compression moles and manually operated form jacks.

  BANDS

• Strong column, weak beam

• Horizontal band necessary through the masonry(a building with no horizontal linet band collapse of roof and walls).

• Latur earthquake incident(a building with horizontal linet band in killari village: no damage).

  KEEPING BUILDING UP-RIGHT

• When the quakes strikes the system dissipates energy in the building cores and exteriors.

• The frames are free to rock up and down within fittings fixed at their bases.

• Recently discovered technique of japan

• It has found to be survived even in extreme earthquakes.

  QUALITY CONTROL

• Regular testing of construction material at qualified laboratories.

• For example, testing of bricks.

• Period training of workmen at proffosional training house.

• Onsite evaluation of the technical work.

  IS-CODES

• Is 1893 (part i), 2002, indian standard criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures (5th revision)

• Is 4326, 1993, indian standard code of practice for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings (2nd revision)

• Is 13827, 1993, indian standard guidelines for improving earthquake resistance of earthen buildings

  • Is 13828, 1993, indian standard guidelines for improving earthquake resistance of low strength masonry buildings

  • Is 13920, 1993, indian standard code of practice for ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected to seismic forces

    CONCLUSION

  • We civil engineers are here only to provide safety to public to lead their life happily.

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