Study on Factors Affecting Equipment Management and its Effect on Productivity in Building Construction

Study on Factors Affecting Equipment Management and its Effect on Productivity in Building Construction

R. Ranjithapriya[1] [1]P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering,

Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India

Dr. S. Arulselvan[2] [2]Associate prof., Department of Civil Engineering,

Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India

Abstract: Construction equipment is one of the important resources of modern day construction in the building sites. Equipment selection is an important factors in the implementation of many construction projects. Equipment managers are habitually called upon to make economical decisions involving the machines in their charge. Their duties includes repairs, rebuilds, and maintenance. Around 30-40% of construction cost overrun is caused by inappropriate supervision of equipments. The purpose of this paper is to identify the various factors affecting equipment management which effects the productivity in construction sites. The main goal of the research study is to provide essential information about factors affecting equipment management to the project management teams who enable the projects success. The questionnaire was categorized into the profile of respondents and the factors in three different groups. This profile were created to collect the information such as job position, experience and contact information. Factors affecting equipment productivity were ranked on the basis of relative importance index method. Based on analysis, the factors which affect equipment productivity are late inspection, condition of sites, operators efficiency and availability of skilled operators.

INTRODUCTION:

Equipment is one of the key factors for civilizing contractors ability in performing their work more successfully and efficiently. Monitoring the productivity of manpower and equipment project by using spearmans ranking and correlation coefficient of factor analysis (*Mudumbai Krishnaswamy Parthasarathy1 and Kavitha Murugesan2, 2017). In most cases, equipment maintenance strategy of effective construction were recognized and contributed extremely to the project cost overrun by frequency analysis method (1,Tsado, Theophilus Yisa , 2,Theophilus Yisa Tsado, 2014). Classification of the criteria and its effect on equipment selection, is measured. Developing a framework for the selection of equipment management. Uses of new equipment and modern methods had been possible in the research (1Janki Patel, 2Dr.Neeraj Sharma, 3Rushabh Shah, 2017). Here the model uses arithmetic and geometric gradient method for the future life cycle costs of the equipment which yields the minimum present value of total costs is required (A. Collier,1 David

E. Jacques2 , 2015). Selecting the equipment that consider the job condition and gives the lower costs. Identifying the equipment optimization of profit analysis and also the

equipment production analysis is a combination of lowest operating cost and highest production (A. N. Bhirud1, V.

1. Sakhare2, 2015). Examine the factors that affecting productivity of well-organized utilization of hauling equipment in earth moving operations using fuzzy set theory. Fuzzy set evaluation framework is used for the assessment and prioritization of factors should be considered (A. Salem, A. Salah, M. Ibrahim, and O. Moselhi, 2017). Breakdown and efficiency improvement are conceded out by define, measure, analyze, improve, control (DMAIC) method. To assess productivity by improving the equipment efficiency (Amir Azizi, 2015). To improve the productivity of equipment management in multi storey building construction projects based on the logistic regression models for the probability of baseline productivity. This research study about designed and proper extension for the construction equipment management for enhanced productivity. Evaluating overall traffic flow of construction equipment which influences the efficiency of the project (D. B. Phadatare S. B. Charhate, 2016). Analysis were used in modeling obsolescence costs in the equipment alternate analysis and study about the alteration in equipment productivity adjusting the cost inflations and making some specific suggestions considering the numerical formulas (Ittiphol Bhurisitp and Ali Touran, , 2002). Recognition of the factors effect on equipment assortment and proper use of suitable equipment will give economy, quality, time completion, operation and maintenance and also gives clarification for the logical assessment of overall factors #jariwala. Identifying the number of factors of simulation productivity analysis model for the construction workforce. The different models were taken to select the equipment for productivity and remedial measures can be applied in the building sites (Prakash H. Panda#1, Mr. Sahajanand Kamat#2, 2017). This paper analyses the time series modeling methods that gives both point and period terms to predict the failures and other consistency characteristics for the predictive performance for construction equipment. Tracking the situation of equipment to recognize the failures (Qing Fan and Hongqin Fan, 2015). Estimating the methods of life cycle costs and decision methods were compared. The various elements to be measured though purchasing the equipment and optimizing the effectiveness (Saikumar Tenepalli SS. Asadi K. Sai Kala, 2017). Factors affecting

   productivity of equipment resources for the top organization of the project. Implementing organization tools for improving and increasing the output (Venkatesh M.P1 and Saravana Natarajan P.S2, 2019).

   EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT:

   The selection of construction equipment for a work site is a key factor to be measured for time completion of the project within the predetermined budget. The cost efficiency is a main criteria of construction equipment management. Another major characteristics of effective construction equipment management is a defensive maintenance which can helps to save a lot of time, cost and reduce delays in project. Equipment is an item that is portable from small hand tools through truck, crane. The complexity of todays construction projects are makes it harder to appraise equipment alternatives and makes the right selection of equipment. Based on their experience, equipment managers decide on day-to-day management of equipment operations, and also on tactical operations such as new equipment procurement. Thus responsibilities of the equipment managers, ensuring that the equipment is properly used, maintained, utilized, and managed, are rather challenging. Effective operation of construction equipment should be maintained to avoid under exploitation of such huge investment. Also repair and maintenance should be carefully intended and high productivity rates should be realized duringoperations.

   Research methodology:

   The research has been investigated in order to identifying the factors that mostly affecting equipment management in construction. A questionnaire was targeting about the factors affecting equipment management in the various

   types. This division contains classification of causes, collections and suggestions. Distributing the questionnaires to the employees involved in the implementation of the selected organization. Each respondents had a choice to select only one option for each set of questions. The responses were to be based on the understanding, significant and experience.

   DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:

   One of the most important segment is a data collection. Data collection is the procedure of collecting essential data report for a certain sample. A plan was formulated for collecting fild survey and creating an assessment process and statistical values. It was essential to make available a respondents to ensure a clear understanding of all the appropriate definitions, measures, and guidelines were used in data collection. Here, Relative importance index method is used in the data. This method was used to ranking the overall factors and to decide various professionals opinions in the construction projects. RII is calculated as given below

   RII = W/(A*N)

   Where,

   W is the weight given by the each factor

   W ranges 1. Very low 2. Low 3. Moderate 4. High 5. Very high A is the highest weight 5

   N is the total number of responses.

   MANAGEMENT FACTORS AFFECTING EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT:

   Table 1 and figure 1 shows that the ranking of various management factors . Late inspection was ranked first in the management factors with an RII value of 0.681

   Table 1. Factors under management factors

   S.No.	Factors	RII	Rank
   1	Will the Late inspection of equipment affect the productivity of equipment's?	0.681	1
   2	Do the type of soil at sites affect equipment productivity?	0.678	2
   3	Do the condition of sites have any role in equipment productivity?	0.675	3
   4	Will Giving training to the operators of equipment helps in increasing equipment productivity?	0.647	4
   5	Budgeting	0.614	5
   6	Did routine checking affect overall productivity of equipment?	0.611	6
   7	Will the work Scheduling of equipment affect equipment productivity?	0.611	6
   8	How much influence is there for the Improper cash flow that effect equipment maintenance ?	0.583	8

   0.7

   0.68

   0.66

   0.64

   0.62

   0.6

   0.58

   0.56

   0.54

   0.52

   RII

   0.7

   0.68

   0.66

   0.64

   0.62

   0.6

   0.58

   0.56

   0.54

   0.52

   RII

   Figure 1. Management factors

   FACTORS AFFECTING WORKFORCE CHARACTERISTICS:

   Under workforce characteristics factor operators efficiency was ranked with an RII value of 0.675, each equipment has a unique performing character.

   Table 2. Factors affecting workforce characteristics

   S.No.	Factors	RII	Rank
   1	Will the Operators efficiency in handling equipment affect equipment productivity?	0.675	1
   2	Will the Availability of skilled operators for particular equipment's affect productivity?	0.658	2
   3	Does Poor training of equipment's to operators affect equipment productivity?	0.642	3
   4	Do the past experience of worker with equipment affect its overall productivity?	0.633	4
   5	Do the Financial problems in project have any role in equipment productivity?	0.622	5
   6	Does the Frequent change of labors who works on equipment affect productivity?	0.594	6
   7	Will the lack of financial motivation to the workers affect productivity?	0.592	7
   8	Will the morality of workers affect equipment productivity?	0.556	8

   RII

   RII

   0.8

   0.7

   0.6

   0.5

   0.4

   0.3

   0.2

   0.1

   0

   RII

   0.8

   0.7

   0.6

   0.5

   0.4

   0.3

   0.2

   0.1

   0

   RII

   Figure 2. workforce characteristics

   FACTORS AFFECTING EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS:

   Availability of servicing part of equipment has ranked first among the equipment characteristics. So care should be taken while choosing an equipment of spare parts availability and its repairing.

   Table 3. Factors affecting equipment characteristics

   S.No.	Factors	RII	Rank
   1	Will the easily availability of Servicing parts of equipment affect productivity?	0.661	1
   2	Do the possibility of easy repair of spares affect its productivity?	0.653	2
   3	Does the Equipment efficiency affect productivity?	0.647	3
   4	Will the operating life of equipment affect productivity?	0.642	4
   5	Do Availability of spare parts affect productivity?	0.642	4
   6	Does the Capacity of equipment affect productivity?	0.636	6
   7	Does the Speed of equipment affect productivity?	0.633	7
   8	Does the Age of equipment affect productivity?	0.633	7
   9	Do Predicting time of failure of equipment before and servicing them helps in improving productivity?	0.625	9
   10	Do the frequent Changing old lubricants at regular time intervals affect productivity?	0.619	10
   11	Will Replacing pats known to experience age and related degradation have any role in equipment's productivity?	0.617	11
   12	Will Lack of new technology affect productivity?	0.617	11
   13	Does High cost of spares have any role in equipment's productivity?	0.611	13
   14	Do the Size of equipment have any role in equipment management?	0.553	14

   0.68

   0.66

   0.64

   0.62

   0.6

   0.58

   0.56

   0.54

   0.52

   0.5

   0.48

   Series1

   0.68

   0.66

   0.64

   0.62

   0.6

   0.58

   0.56

   0.54

   0.52

   0.5

   0.48

   Series1

   Figure 3. Equipment characteristics

   OVERALL FACTORS AFFECTING EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT:

   The following table and graph shows the overall ranking of factors affecting equipment management in a building construction.

   Table 4. Overall factors affecting equipment management

   S.No	Factors	RII	Rank
   1	Will the Late inspection of equipment affect the productivity of equipment's?	0.681	1
   2	Do the type of soil at sites affect equipment productivity?	0.678	2
   3	Do the condition of sites have any role in equipment productivity?	0.675	3
   4	Will the Operators efficiency in handling equipment affect equipment productivit?	0.675	3
   5	Will the easily availability of Servicing parts of equipment affect productivity?	0.661	5
   6	Will the Availability of skilled operators for particular equipment's affect productivity?	0.658	6
   7	Do the possibility of easy repair of spares affect its productivity?	0.653	7
   8	Will Giving training to the operators of equipment helps in increasing equipment productivity?	0.647	8
   9	Does the Equipment efficiency affect productivity?	0.647	8
   10	Does Poor training of equipment's to operators affect equipment productivity?	0.642	10
   11	Will the operating life of equipment affect productivity?	0.642	10
   12	Do Availability of spare parts affect productivity?	0.642	10
   13	Does the Capacity of equipment affect productivity?	0.636	13
   14	Do the past experience of	0.633	14

   		worker with equipment affect its overall productivity?
   	15	Does the Speed of equipment affect productivity?	0.633	14
   	16	Does the Age of equipment affect productivity?	0.633	14
   	17	Do Predicting time of failure of equipment before and servicing them helps in improving productivity?	0.625	17
   	18	Do the Financial problems in project have any role in equipment productivity?	0.622	18
   	19	Do the frequent Changing old lubricants at regular time intervals affect productivity?	0.619	19
   	20	Will Replacing pats known to experience age and related degradation have any role in equipment's productivity?	0.617	20
   	21	Will Lack of new technology affect productivity?	0.617	20
   	22	Budgeting	0.614	22
   	23	Did routine checking affect overall productivity of equipment?	0.611	23
   	24	Will the work Scheduling of equipment affect equipment productivity?	0.611	23
   	25	Does High cost of spares have any role in equipment's productivity?	0.611	23
   	26	Does the Frequent change of labors who works on equipment affect productivity?	0.594	26
   	27	Will the lack of financial motivation to the workers affect productivity?	0.592	27
   	28	How much influence is there for the Improper cash flow that effect equipment maintenance ?	0.583	28
   	29	Will the morality of workers affect equipment productivity?	0.556	29
   	30	Do the Size of equipment have any role in equipment management?	0.553	30

   RII

   RII

   0.8

   0.7

   0.6

   0.5

   0.4

   0.3

   0.2

   0.1

   0

   RII

   0.8

   0.7

   0.6

   0.5

   0.4

   0.3

   0.2

   0.1

   0

   RII

   Figure 4. Overall factors affecting equipment management

   CONCLUSIONS:

   Factors affecting equipment management are many in the construction firms. Prior knowledge of equipment management during construction can save money and time. Investments for these projects are very high because of the difficulty in construction, various factors can affect exceedingly in productivity. This research is proposed to recognize the causes of feasible factors under equipment management in construction. This study investigates all the feasible factors throughout a questionnaire. The survey results are subjected to ranking of factors is considered by using RII method. The range of RII for workforce factors is between 0.556-0.675. The range of management factors is between 0.583-0.681. The range of equipment characteristics is between 0.553-0.661. Based on the analysis it find out the workforce factors, late inspection, soil condition, operators efficiency, availability of spare parts are the foremost factors affecting equipment management in the construction.

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