Smart Management of Street Light for Energy Conservation

Smart Management of Street Light for Energy Conservation

Dr. A. Senthil Kumar1, Dr. R. Nafenna2, Feroz Basha3, Karunya Jensi4

1, 2Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering 3, 4Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kings Engineering College, Sriperumbudur-602117, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract:- This Paper proposed smart management of street light for energy conservation using Arduino with Wireless module (IEEE 802.15.4). We use two parts in this paper it includes IR sensors and zigbee transceiver. In city side the street lights are always working at night even though no vehicle moving in the road, so lot of electricity are consumed. To reduce much more consumption of electricity we proposed zigbee and sensor technology. IR sensor controls the switching on/off light when it detects any person entered into road.

Keywords: Smart Street Light, Energy Conservation, ZigBee, IR Sensor

1. INTRODUTION

   The potential can be gauged by the fact that a city like Chennai has 2, 14, 008 street lights maintained by the Corporation of Chennai. Of these, 84,664 use 70 watt Sodium Vapor lamps, 49,420 use 40 watt tube light, 42,250 use 250 watt Sodium Vapor lamps [1-4]. The total energy consumption in Chennai, on account of the above, is 19 MW. It comes at a cost of Rs 200 lakhs per month. To reduce this consumption of electricity we proposed our idea.

2. EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION

   Requirements: Hardware

   • Arduino nano

   • Street light

   • Relay

   • Ir sensor

   • Zigbee transreceiver

   • Arduino uno R3

   Design

   Fig.1 Schematic Diagram of Transmitter

   Fig.2 Schematic Diagram of Receiver

   1. ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER

      ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh network standard targeted at battery-powered devices in wireless control and monitoring applications. ZigBee delivers low-latency communication [6-8]. ZigBee chips are typically integrated with radios and with microcontrollers. ZigBee operates in the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands: 2.4 GHz in most jurisdictions worldwide; though some devices also use 784 MHz in China, 868 MHz in Europe and 915 MHz in the US and Australia, however even those regions and countries still use 2.4 GHz for most commercial ZigBee devices for home use. A data rate varies from 20kbit/s (868 MHz band) to 250kbit/s (2.4 GHz band).

      Fig.3 ZigBee Module

   2. ARDUINO NANO

      The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and breadboard- friendly board based on the ATmega328P; offers the same connectivity and specs of the UNO board in a smaller form factor. The Arduino Nano is programmed using the Arduino Software (IDE), our Integrated Development Environment common to all our boards and running both online and offline. For more information on how to get started with the Arduino Software visit the Getting Started page. or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

   3. RELAY

      Fig.4 Arduino Nano

      microcontroller. Programs can be loaded on to it from the easy-to-use Arduino computer program [9]. The Arduino has an extensive support community, which makes it a very easy way to get started working with embedded electronics. The R3 is the third, and latest, revision of the Arduino Uno. The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 20 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs and 6 can be used as analog inputs), a 16 MHz resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an in-circuit system programming (ICSP) header, and a reset button.

      Relay is an electromagnetic switch, which is controlled by small current, and used to switch ON and OFF relatively much larger current means by applying small current. We can switch ON the relay which allows much larger current flow. Relay is the good example of controlling the AC (alternate current) devices, using much smaller DC current. Commonly used relay is SPDT (Single pole double throw).the application of relay started during of the invention of telephones. They were also used in long distance telegraphy. They were also used to switch the signal coming from source to another destination. Relays are used to provide time delay functions. Relays are used to control high voltage circuits with help of low voltage signals. Relays are used to realize the logic functions. It has three terminals COM, NO, NC are Common Connection it is the center terminal, and it is hot as power to the load is connected at the terminal.

      Fig.5 Relay

   4. IR SENSOR

      IR sensor is an electronic device produce IR waves.IR sensor frequency range varies with the cost and these radiations are invisible to our eyes.

      Fig.6 IR Sensor

      Fig.7 Arduino Uno R3 Module

3. WORKING PRINCIPLE

   In our paper we are using both IR sensor and zigbee transceiver. The zigbee transceiver used as transmitter and receiver. The receiver section is fixed in all street lights. And the transmitter section is fixed in all vehicles. The IR sensor is used for detecting the non vehicle like pedestrians in the road. The working function of zigbee transceiver is, if the vehicle enters within the frequency the street light automatically will glow and if the vehicles leave that frequency range the light will automatically off. The IR sensor working is, if the person walking in road, the light will glow with low potential the IR sensor transmit data the detect by any obstacle then the data received by the receiver then the light turn to high potential i.e the lights will glow brightly.

4. CONCLUSION

   By using this technology we are reducing 25% consumption of electricity per year. And the accident also will reduce by our paper thats if the accident cause by the drivers wont have concentration in driving they think about anything then accident may cause. This paper will gives the concentration to drivers in driving, the light will glow low potential to high potential thats gives intimation to the drivers. This will give the attention to the drivers to drive correctly.

   IR sensor works as an Object detection sensor. It consists of IR transmitter (LED) and IR receiver (Photodiode).When IR transmitter emits radiation, it reaches the object and some of the radiation reflects back to the IR receiver. IR sensor is also capable of measuring the heat emitted by the object and detecting motion.

   1. ARDUINO UNO R3

   The Arduino Uno R3 is a microcontroller board based on a removable, dual-inline-package (DIP) ATmega328 AVR

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