Mechanical Characterization of Wood Apple Shell Powder and Tamarind Shell Powder Reinforced with Epoxy Resin

Mechanical Characterization of Wood Apple Shell Powder and Tamarind Shell Powder Reinforced with Epoxy Resin

Nadeem Pasha S [1], Dr. Attel Manjunath [2], Sagar S R [3] [1] (M. Tech Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India.)

Abstract :- In this work ,Variation of tensile ,compression and impact test of the tamarind shell and wood shell particulate composites was studied .From experimental results ,it is found that ,composites prepared with 25% of WAS and 5% TS powder reinforced epoxy composites exhibited better tensile, compression and flexural properties as compared to 0%+30%,5%+25%,10%+20%, and 15%+15% combinations.

For impact studies all samples have exhibited the same amount of energy absorations for all combinations. This study reveals that, drop in the mechanical Properties for the 30% WAS + 0% TS composites and slight increment in the mechanical properties for increase in the TS percentage with the WAS.

Keywords Epoxy Resin, Hardener, Tamarind Shell Powder, Tamarind Shell Powder

1 INTRODUCTION

The engineering importance of a composite material

is that, two or more distinctly different materials combine to form a composite material that possesses properties that are superior to those of the individual materials. A simple example of a composite is the plywood. A plywood is a wood product out of many sheets of wood veneer, pressed together and glued. When layers like this are put together it produces a very sturdy and durable wood. Plywood is used instead of plain wood because of its resistance to cracking, shrinkage and its general high degree of strength.

2 MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

1. Tamarind Shell Powder

   Figure 2.1.1: Tamarind shell powder

   Tamarind is one of the very developed trees in India. Truth be told India is one of the most astounding cultivators of Tamarind on the planet. Tamarind comprises of 3 sections tamarind organic product mash which is palatable, hard green natural product mash, and tamarind seed. Tamarind

   organic product test powder commonly known as Tamarind Shell Powder (TSP).

2. Wood Apple Shell Powder

   Figure 2.2.1: Wood apple shell powder

   The Wood apple shell was dried in outside and granulated into powder utilizing a pummeling machine, the powder was sieved as per BS 1377:1998 standard. The compound investigation of the wood apple shell was finished with Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) Peck in rudder 2006 model. The molecule size utilized was 280 µm.

3. Matrix system

   1. Epoxy Resin (L – 12)

      Figure 2.3.1.1: Epoxy Resin (L – 12)

      Epoxy L12 is a fluid, unmodified epoxy sap of medium thickness which can be utilized with different hardeners for making glass fibre fortified composites.

   2. Hardener (K – 6)

      Figure 2.3.2.1: Hardener (K – 6)

      Hardener K6 is a low consistency room temperature restoring fluid hardener. It is normally utilized for hand layup applications. Being fairly responsive, it gives a short pot-life and fast fix at ordinary encompassing temperatures.

      Table 1: Details of Constituent Properties as Supplied by Manufacturer

      Constituent	Trad e Nam e	Chemical Name	Epoxid e Equiva lent	Densit y	Supplier
      Resin	L-12	DGEBA	182 – 192	1.262	Yuje Banglore
      Hardener	K – 8	TETA		0.954

4. Procedure for particulate composite Plates

   (Methodology)

1. SIZE OF PARTICULATE COMPOSITES

   A form of size 280 mm X 150 mm X 6mm was set up of hardened steel for getting ready Plate tests. Form comprises of a base plate, outline that could be destroyed to encourage simple evacuation of throwing after the restoring. Every one of the surfaces of the form were covered with wax. All the internal surfaces of shape, interacting with surfaces of composite to be cast are spread with uniform covering of wax so as to encourage the arrival of the cast piece.

   Volume = Length x Breadth x Height Volume = 280 x 150 x 6

   Volume = 252000 mm2

   = 252 cm3

   Table 2: Mass Calculation

2. SAMPLES PREPARATION

   1. 15% WAS + 15% TS 2. 20%WAS + 10% TS

   3. 25%WAS+5%TS 4. 30%WAS+0%TS

   Figure 4.1.1: Samples Preparation

   Table 3: Sample coding

   Sl. No.	Sample Code	Combinations of fiber powders
   		WAS	TS
   1.	30% WAS + 0% TS	30%	0%
   2.	25% WAS + 5% TS	25%	5%
   3.	20% WAS + 10% TS	20%	10%
   4.	15% WAS + 15% TS	15%	15%

   In this study effect of variation of WAS and TS powders were carried out and the results were discussed below for tensile, compression and flexural tests.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

1. Tensile Test:

   The tensile tests were conducted with respect to ASTM D3039-76 standards in a Universal Testing Machine.

   Figure 5.1.1: Tensile test specimens

   1. sample 1

   2. sample 2

      Figure 5.1.2: Load v/s displacement diagram for 30% WAS + 0% TS composites

      (a) sample 1

      1. sample 1

      2. sample 2

      Figure 5.1.4: Load v/s displacement diagram for 20% WAS + 10% TS composites

      1. sample 1

      2. sample 2

      Figure 5.1.45 Load v/s displacement diagram for 15% WAS + 15% TS composites

      (b) sample 2

      Figure 5.1.3: Load v/s displacement diagram for 25% WAS + 5% TS composites

2. Compression Test

   Compression test was conducted for the above said specimen categories as per the ASTM standard D3410.

   Figure 5.2.1: Compression Test specimens

   1. sample 1

   2. sample 2

      Figure 5.2.2: Load v/s displacement diagram for 30% WAS + 0% TS composites

      (a) sample 1

      1. sample 1

      2. sample 2

      Figure 5.2.4: Load v/s displacement diagram for 20% WAS + 10% TS composites

      1. sample 1

      2. sample 2

      Figure 5.2.5: Load v/s displacement diagram for 15% WAS + 15% TS composites

      (b) sample 2

      Figure 5.2.3: Load v/s displacement diagram for 25% WAS + 5% TS composites

      1. Impact Test:

         An impact testing machine was used to do the impact test accompanying the specimen standards as per ASTM D 6110.

         Figure 5.4.1: Impact Test specimen

         Table 4: Impact test results for WAP and TS powder composites

         Sample Code	No. of Readings	Absorbed Energy (Joules)
         30% WAS + 0% TS	1	2
         	2	2
         25% WAS + 5% TS		2
         	2	2
         20% WAS + 10% TS	1	2
         	2	2
         15% WAS + 15% TS	1	2
         	2	2

1. CONCLUSIONS

The variation of tensile, bending and harness properties of the tamarind shell and wood apple shell particulate composites was studied. From experimental results, it is found that, composites prepared with 25% of WAS and 5% TS powder reinforce epoxy composites exhibited better tensile, compression and flexural properties as compared to 30%+0%, 20%+10% and 15%+15% combinations.

For impact studies all samples have exhibited the same amount of energy absorption (i. e 2 Joules) for all combinations. This study reveals that, drop in the mechanical properties for the 30% WAS + 0% TS composites and slight increment in the mechanical properties for increase in the TS percentage with the WAS.

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