Response Spectrum Analysis for Regular Multistory Structure in Seismic Zone III

Response Spectrum Analysis for Regular Multistory Structure in Seismic Zone III

S. R. Kangle 1

1M.E Civil-Structure Student, Department of Civil Engineering,

JSPMs Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Tathawade, Pune-411033, India

D. S. Yerudkar2

2Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,

JSPMs Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Tathawade, Pune-411033, India

Abstract An RCC framed structure is basically an assembly of slabs, beams, columns and foundation inter- connected to each other as a unit. The load transfer, in such a structure takes place from the slabs to the beams, from the beams to the columns and then to the lower columns and finally to the foundation which in turn transfers it to the soil. The results of analysis are used to verify the structure fitness for use. Computer softwares are also being used for the calculation of forces, bending moment, stress, strain & deformation or deflection for a complex structural system. The principle objective of this project is The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multistoried Commercial Building (G+15) by STAADPRO and ETABS.STAADPRO

is one of the leading softwares for the design of structures. In this project we had analyzed the G+15 building through response spectrum analysis to develop the economic design. ETABS is also leading design software in present days used by many structural designers. Here I have also analyzed the same structure using ETABS software for the design.IS: 1893 (Part I) for seismic design is utilized to perform the dynamic analysis. The results were observed that the multistoried buildings are stiff for earthquake excitation as modal participation factor is found to be more than 75 percent.

Keywords:-STAADPRO, ETABS, Response Spectrum Analysis

1. INTRODUCTION

   Earthquake causes the random ground motions in all directions, radiating from the epicenter. These ground motions causes structure to vibrate and induces inertia forces in them. For the structure to perform better during the earthquakes, it must be analyzed and designed as per the Indian seismic code IS 1893 (Part 1) 2002. In the past, several major earthquakes have exposed the shortcomings in buildings, which had caused them to damage or collapse. It has been found that regular shaped buildings perform better during earthquakes. Earthquakes causes ground to vibrate and structures supported on ground are subjected to this motion. Thus the dynamic loading on the structure during an earthquake is not an external loading, but due to motion of support. The building can be designed to resist earthquake with certain amount of damage, but without causing the collapse and affecting the livelihood. The response spectrum represents an interaction between ground acceleration and the structural system, by envelope of several different ground motion records. For the purpose of the seismic

   analysis the design spectrum given in fig.2 of IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 is used. Response spectrum analysis of the building model is performed using STAADPRO & ETABS. The lateral loads generated by STAADPRO correspond to the seismic zone III and 5% damped response spectrum given in IS 1893 (Part1): 2002.

   1. Objectives of the Present Study

      1. To determine dynamic response of multi-story building for earthquake load.

      2. To study story displacement, story shear, story drift using response spectrum analysis for a regular multistory building.

      3. To study response spectrum analysis of regular multistory building using computer programs (STAADPRO,ETABS)

   2. Response Spectrum Analysis

      The response spectrum method (RSM) was introduced in 1932 in the doctoral dissertation of Maurice Anthony Biot at Caltech. It is an approach to finding earthquake response of structures using waves and vibration mode shapes. The concept of the response spectrum was applied in design requirements in the mid-20th century in building codes of various countries. The computational advantages in using the response spectrum method of seismic analysis are the prediction of displacements and member forces in structural systems. The method involves the calculation of only the maximum values of the displacements and member forces in each mode using smooth design spectra that are the average of several earthquake motions.

      Figure.1 Design Response Spectrum for different soil (5% damping)

   3. Necessity of seismic zoning in India

   Seismic zonation is a process, which provided information about any decision making for urban regional planning or for earthquake design in earthquake areas. In principle, seismic zoning map is the main source of zoning, which is

   displaying quantities related to the expected frequency and intensity of shaking caused by earthquakes .The task of seismic zoning is multidisciplinary and involves the best of inputs from geologists, geotechnical, seismologists, earthquake and structural engineers .The rapid urbanization due to population outburst, coming up of mega cities in potential seismic zones is the main reason of the seismic hazard in India.

   IS 1893:2002 provisions for zones.

   According to IS 1893 code, seismic zonation map of a country is a guide to the seismic status of a region and its susceptibility to earthquakes. India has been divided into four zones with respect to severity of earthquakes Zone factor (Z) given in table 4.1, is for the maximum considered earthquake (MCE) and service life of a structure in a zone. For design horizontal seismic coefficient

   Ah=(Z/2)(Sa/g)(I/R) factor 2 in the denominator of Z is used so as to reduce the Maximum Considered Earthquake zone factor to the factor for design basis earthquake (DBE).

   For any structure with t<0.1 s, the value of Ah will not be taken less than Z/2 whatever be the value of I/R.

   Table no 1 Zone Factor Z (Clause 6.4)

   Seismic Zone	II	III	IV	V
   Intensity	Low	Moderate	Severe	Very Severe
   Z	0.10	0.16	0.24	0.36

2. METHODOLOGY

3. PROBLEM STATEMENT Reinforced concrete moment resisting frame building of different story heights are considered. The bottom story height is kept 3m and a typical height of 3m is kept for the entire story in the building. The aim of the study is to find the difference of base reactions,modal participation factors and periods and frequencies using ETABS and STAADPRO.

   Table no 2 Detail data of building studied

   Figure.2 A typical G+15 story plan

4. MODELLING AND ANALYSIS

   The ETABS & STAADPRO software is used for modeling as well as analysis of the structure. The symmetrical plan of reinforced concrete structure having 15 story is considered. First the Earthquake loads as per IS1893-2002, Part-1 are applied for structure located in zone III. And dynamic analyses i.e. Response spectrum method is carried out for 5% damping and scale factor considered as per IS code in both X and Y directions. Assuming that material property is linear static and Response spectrum analysis is performed.

   Loadings and material properties

   M25 grade of concrete and Fe 500 grade of Steel are used for all slabs and beams of the building whereas M30 is used for columns with same grade of Seel. Elastic material properties of these materials are taken as per IS 456-2000. The short-term modulus of elasticity () of concrete is taken as

   = 5000 Mpa

   =characteristic compressive strength of concrete cube For the Steel rebar with stress and modulus of elasticity is taken as per IS 456-2000.

   While applying the loads to the structure we consider only the external loads which are actually acting on the members neglecting its self-weight because ETABS 2018 & STAADPRO automatically take the members self- weight.

   The Seismic loads EQ-x and EQ-y are given in Load patterns directly using Code IS1893:2002. Also the Wind loads wind-x and wind-y are IS875:2015 by ETABS 2018 given using code IS875:2015 by ETABS 2018

   Figure 4 Top View

   Elevation, Top view and 3D Model of the building

   Figure 3 3D model of building Figure 5 Elevation of a G+15 Building using STAADPRO.

5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .

1. Base Reactions.

   Table no 3 base reactions obtained from STAADPRO AND ETABS

   		STAADPRO
   Mode	FX KN	FY KN	FZ KN	MX KN-m	MY KN-m	MZ KN-m
   1	-148.53	0	12742.07	382623	-128906	4459.99
   2	13042.63	0	152.03	4565.19	128906	-391648016
   3	0	0	0	0	0	0
   4	5.91	0	-5.89	44.16	118.05	44.27
   5	4646.01	0	4657.82	-34890.1	-118.05	34801.66
   6	0	0	0	0	0	0
   7	0	0	0	0	0	0
   8	2715.42	0	2891.89	19879.89	-1764.69	-18666.78
   9	91.01	0	-85.46	-587.47	-1764.72	-625.66
   10	0	0	0	0	0	0
   			ETABS
   Load/case combo	FX KN	FY KN	FZ KN	MX KN-m	MY KN-m	MZ KN-m
   Dead	0	0	31418.5	-25135.64	-25135.64	0
   Live	0	0	13440	107520	-107520	0
   EQ-X	-199.19	0	0	0	-7053.31	1593.56
   EQ-Y	0	-146.54	0	5189.0064	0	-1172.65
   Wind-X1	-1031.55	0	0	0	-26102.18	8252.44
   Wind-X2	1031.55	0	0	0	26102.18	-8252.44
   Wind-Y1	0	-1031.55	0	26102.18	0	-8252.44
   Wind-Y2	0	1031.55	0	-26102.18	0	8252.44
   RS-X	169.28	128.53	0	3606.67	4802.43	1367.86
   RS-Y	169.28	128.53	0	3606.67	4802.43	1387.86

2. Modal Participation Factor

   Table no 4 modal participation factors obtained from STAADPRO and ETABS

   				STAADPRO
   Mode	UX	UY		UZ	Sum UX	Sum UY	Sum UZ
   1	0	0		81.01	0.011	0	81.012
   2	81.01	0		0	81.023	0	81.023
   3	0	0		0	81.023	0	81.023
   4	4.85	0		4.82	85.871	0	85.846
   5	4.82	0		4.85	90.693	0	90.693
   6	0	0		0	90.693	0	90.693
   7	0	0		0	90.693	0	90.693
   8	1.61	0		1.82	92.301	0	92.516
   9	1.82	0		1.61	94.124	0	94.124
   10	0	0		0	94.124	0	94.124
   			ETABS
   Mode	Period/sec	UX	UY	UZ	Sum UX	Sum UY	Sum UZ
   1	3.212	0	0.8487	0	0	0.8484	0
   2	2.363	0.8068	0	0	0.8068	0.8487	0
   3	2.35	0	0	0	0.8068	0.8487	0
   4	1.064	0	0.094	0	0.8068	0.9427	0
   5	0.766	0	0	0	0.8068	0.9427	0
   6	0.76	p>0.1013	0	0	0.9081	0.9427	0
   7	0.625	0	0.293	0	0.9081	0.9719	0
   8	0.44	0	0	0	0.9081	0.9719	0
   9	0.44	0	0.0129	0	0.9081	0.9848	0
   10	0.426	0.371	0	0	0.9542	0.9848	0

3. Periods and Frequencies.

   Table no 5 Periods and Frequencies obtained from STAADPRO and ETABS

   	STAADPRO
   Mode	Period	Frequency
   1	5.834	0.171
   2	5.834	0.171
   3	5.834	0.193
   4	5.834	0.518
   5	5.834	0.518
   6	5.834	0.582
   7	5.834	0.85
   8	5.834	0.881
   9	5.834	0.881
   10	5.834	0.982
   		ETABS
   Mode		Period	Frequency
   1		3.212	0.311
   2		2.363	0.423
   3		2.35	0.426
   4		1.064	0.94
   5		0.766	1.306
   6		0.76	1.316
   7		0.625	1.6
   8		0.44	2.273
   9		0.44	2.275
   10		0.426	2.35

4. Story Displacement

   Figure 6 Maximum story displacement obtained from response spectrum in X direction

   Figure 7 Maximum story displacement obtained from response spectrum in Y direction

5. Story Drift

   Figure 8 Maximum story drift obtained from response spectrum in X direction

   Figure 9 Maximum story drift obtained from response spectrum in Y direction

6. Story Shear

   Figure 10 Maximum story shear obtained from response spectrum in X direction

   Figure 11 Maximum story shear obtained from response spectrum in Y direction

   IV CONCLUSIONS

   Based on the response spectra study on multi-story regular building, following points are concluded:

   1. The dynamic analysis must be carried out for high rise structure with vertical regularities having height more than 40 m.

   2. As the modal mass participating factor is more than 75% in the higher mode, the considered structure is stiff for earthquake excitation.

   3. Response spectrum analysis was performed on the building, from this analysis it was concluded that the structure has good resistance to smaller earthquake of moderate magnitude and intensity.

   4. The story displacement in X- direction is found more as compared to Y and due to the fact that the earthquake motion was applied in X-direction.

   5. By the analysis results, we can find that the base reactions for the structure is coming little bit different from both the softwares.

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