DOI : 10.17577/IJERTCONV9IS01003- Open Access
- Authors : Syed Azam, Zaheer Abbas A, Mohammed Imran, Madhu Kumar C A
- Paper ID : IJERTCONV9IS01003
- Volume & Issue : NCACE-EWIT- 2020 (Volume 09 – Issue 01)
- Published (First Online): 03-02-2021
- ISSN (Online) : 2278-0181
- Publisher Name : IJERT
- License:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
An Experimental Study on Translucent Concrete
Syed Azam
M.Tech. final year student, In Geo-Informatics, KSRSAC
Bangalore, India.
Zaheer Abbas A
M.Tech. final year student,
In Construction Technology, NCET Bangalore, India
Mohammed Imran Madhu Kumar C A
Assistant professor Assistant professor
Brindavan College of engineering Brindavan College of engineering Bangalore, India Bangalore, India
Abstract- In the present research work, the compressive strength of cubes for 7days, 14days, and 28days were made with two different percentages of fibre that is 0.3% and 0.6%. In the existing study, both concrete and mortar blocks were prepared of size 100mm X 100mm X 100mm in order to study the behavior of light transmission index in both the samples. To proceed with the further study different configurations of fibres are used to substantiate the effective usage of optical fibres. The existing study is also an attempt to know the strength and durability parameters of Translucent concrete. The following tests conducted in order to study strength and durability parameters are Compressive strength test, Acid resistant test, Sulphate resistant test and Light transmissibility test to understand the transmissibility index.
Keywords Optical fibre, Acid resistant test, Sulphate resistant test, Light transmissibility test, Transmissibility index
- INTRODUCTION
At present, green structures are greatly focusing on saving energy with indoor thermal systems. However, in area of illumination field, there is little research offering relevant solution. Translucent concrete is new technique different from normal concrete. Translucent concrete allow more light and less weight compared to normal concrete. The use of sunlight instead of using electrical energy is main purpose of translucent concrete, so as to reduce the load on non- renewable sources and result it into the energy saving. Research shows that addition of 0.25% of optical fibres increases compressive strength approximately around 23% and tensile strength approximately around 80% [1]. Similar research also shows that for obtaining translucent concrete mixture of polycarbonate and epoxy matrices can be used. The content of the component is: epoxy matrix from 0% to 90%, and the polycarbonate matrix from 0% to 10%, colloidal silica sol from 0.5% to 5%, fibreglass from 0% to 10%, silica from 0.5% to 10%, diethylenetriamine (DETA). The ratio of the polymer matrices and the mortar is at least 1.5:1. The different percentage of components used, yielded a very good light transmissibility properties and as well as the concrete does not lose the strength parameter when compared to regular concrete and also it has very vital property for the aesthetical point of view [2]. Researchs published also shows that the compressive strength of light transmitting concrete with 10% replacement of cement by silica fume has been increased by 17.13% than that of conventional
concrete. It is observed that the split tensile strength of concrete with 10% replacement of cement by silica fume increased by 13.61% compared to CC and 8.26% for 15% replacement [3].
- EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
Materials
The strength of Translucent concrete incorporated with optical fibres is to study in determining the mechanism of strength and durability of concrete. The making of translucent concrete incorporated with optical fibres consisting of five types of raw material, namely OPC (ordinary Portland cement), fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, water, and optical fibres. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) of grade 53 was used throughout the study. The fine aggregates have been used as a filler material for the present study with specific gravity of 2.53 and coarse aggregate of 2.35 specific gravity. The maximum size of coarse aggregates used were 6mm. Potable water has been used for casting concrete specimens. The commonly available diameters of optical fibres are 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm,
0.75 mm, 1 mm, and 2 mm. In this project the optical fibre of diameter 1mm are used.
- METHODOLOGY
Fig 1: Methodology
We use M25 grade concrete as per IS10262:2009 and mortar ratio of 1:4. Different configurations of optical fibres used in cubes are as shown in the figure below.
Fig 2: Different Configurations
Table 1: Test properties of different materials
Sl. No Materials Test Result / Values 1 Cement Fineness Of Cement 5% Normal Consistency 32% Specific Gravity 3.16 Initial Setting Time 95 mins Final Setting Time 630 mins 2 Fine Aggregates Specific Gravity 2.53 Sieve Analysis Zone I Table 4 of IS 383 (1970) 3 Coarse Aggregates Specific Gravity 2.35 Water Absorption 0.50% Sieve Analysis Zone I Table 4 of IS 383 (1970) - MIX DESIGN CALCULATIONS:
The mix proportioning was done using IS 10262:2009, as per this method proportions of materials required for 1m3 of concrete is 1:1.87:2.57 and W/C ratio- 0.5. The proportion used for preparation of mortar cube is 1:4.
- MECHANICAL AND DURABILITY TESTS
- Compressive Strength Test of Concrete:
For cube test the size of the cubes used was 10cm×10cm×10cm. These specimens are tested by compression testing machine after 7, 14 & 28 days of curing. Load should be applied gradually at the rate of 140 kg/cm2 per minute till the specimens fails Load at the failure divided by area of specimen gives the compressive strength of concrete.
- Acid Resistance Test:
The acid resistance test was conducted on 100 mm size cubes specimen after curing for a period of 28 days. Then the specimen cubes were weighed and immersed in water diluted with 2N, 10% by weight of HCl acid for 8 weeks. In this process the specimen cubes were subjected to alternate drying and wetting for every 2 days.
- Sulphate Resistance Test:
The effect of sulphate attack results in chemical break down in components of cement paste. In this study the sulphate resistance test was conducted on 100 mm size cube specimens after curing for a period of 28 days. Then the specimen cubes were weighed and immersed in water diluted with 5% by weight of MgSO4 for 8 weeks.
- Light Transmissibility Test:
Transmissibility of the bulb of 9 Watts kept at a certain distance was found to be 3800 Lux. Then, the transmissibility values were obtained by placing translucent concrete samples.
% Transmissibility= Transmissibility through concrete * 100
Transmissibility through air
Therefore Light intensity is noted in terms of lumecs.
Fig 3: Testing of Concrete Fig 4: Testing Concrete block block Parameters along with HCL
Fig 5: Testing Concrete block Fig 6: Light Intensity Test Of all parameters along with MgSo4
Table 2: Compressive Strength of Conventional Concrete
Compressive Strength Of Conventional Concrete Categories Sl no Particulas No of days of curing Compressive Strength (N\mm2) Concrete 1 Normal 7 18.40 2 14 21.80 3 28 26.70 Mortar 4 Normal 7 43.10 5 14 53.25 6 28 63.40 Table 3: Compressive Strength of Translucent Concrete for
Compressive Strength of Translucent Concrete For 0.3 % POF Categories Sl no Particulars ( Strads * Location) No of days of Curing Compressive Strength (N\mm2) Concrete 1 1st parameter (10*4) 7 17.60 2 14 22.30 3 28 26.70 4 2nd parameter (5*8) 7 18.70 5 14 23.45 6 28 27.20 7 3rd parameter (4*12) 7 16.70 8 14 21.80 9 28 27.40 10 4th parameter (1*49) 7 17.30 11 14 23.80 12 28 25.60 Mortar 13 1st parameter (10*4) 7 28.45 14 14 35.50 15 28 49.50 16 2nd parameter (5*8) 7 21.20 17 14 37.40 18 28 53.50 19 3rd parameter (4*12) 7 26.80 20 14 34.60 21 28 54.15 22 4th parameter (1*49) 7 28.30 23 14 37.45 24 28 55.60 Compressive Strength of Translucent Concrete For 0.3 % POF Categories Sl no Particulars ( Strads * Location) No of days of Curing Compressive Strength (N\mm2) Concrete 1 1st parameter (10*4) 7 17.60 2 14 22.30 3 28 26.70 4 2nd parameter (5*8) 7 18.70 5 14 23.45 6 28 27.20 7 3rd parameter (4*12) 7 16.70 8 14 21.80 9 28 27.40 10 4th parameter (1*49) 7 17.30 11 14 23.80 12 28 25.60 Mortar 13 1st parameter (10*4) 7 28.45 14 14 35.50 15 28 49.50 16 2nd parameter (5*8) 7 21.20 17 14 37.40 18 28 53.50 19 3rd parameter (4*12) 7 26.80 20 14 34.60 21 28 54.15 22 4th parameter (1*49) 7 28.30 23 14 37.45 24 28 55.60 0.3 % POF
Table 4: Compressive Strength of Translucent Concrete for 0.6% POF
Compressive Strength of Translucent Concrete For 0.6 % POF Categories Sl no Particulars ( Strads * Location) No of days of curing Compressive strength (N\mm2) Concrete 1 1st parameter (20*4) 7 16.70 2 14 22.30 3 28 26.75 4 2nd parameter (10*8) 7 17.85 5 14 23.70 6 28 27.15 7 3rd parameter (7*12) 7 15.40 8 14 21.50 9 28 26.65 10 4th parameter (1*81) 7 15.85 11 14 22.35 12 28 26.45 Compressive Strength of 0.3% Mortar Cubes
60
Compressive Strength of 0.3% Mortar Cubes
60
4*12
4*12
50
10*4
50
10*4
40
30
20
7 Days
14 Days
28 Days
40
30
20
7 Days
14 Days
28 Days
10
0
No of Days
10
0
No of Days
5*8
5*8
1*49
1*49
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compression Strength N/mm2
Compression Strength N/mm2
Fig 8: Compressive Strength for 0.3% Mortar Cubes
Compressive Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
Compressive Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
30
20*4
10*8
7*12
1*81
30
20*4
10*8
7*12
1*81
25
20
15
10
7 Days
14 Days
28 days
25
20
15
10
7 Days
14 Days
28 days
5
0
No of days
5
0
No of days
Fig 9: Compressive Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
Mortar 13 1st parameter (20*4) 7 27.70 14 14 38.50 15 28 54.10 16 2nd parameter (10*8) 7 39.50 17 14 46.32 18 28 55.40 19 3rd parameter (7*12) 7 35.40 20 14 40.20 21 28 56.15 22 4th parameter (1*81) 7 39.20 23 14 41.45 24 28 53.10 Mortar 13 1st parameter (20*4) 7 27.70 14 14 38.50 15 28 54.10 16 2nd parameter (10*8) 7 39.50 17 14 46.32 18 28 55.40 19 3rd parameter (7*12) 7 35.40 20 14 40.20 21 28 56.15 22 4th parameter (1*81) 7 39.20 23 14 41.45 24 28 53.10 Compressive Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
30 4*12
Compressive Strength for 0.6% Mortar Cubes
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
60 20*4 10*8 7*12 1*81
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
10*4 5*8
25
20
15
10
5
0
No of days
1*49
7 Days
14 Days
28 Days
50
40
30
20
10
0
No of days
7 Days
14 Days
28 Days
Fig 7: Compressive Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
Fig 10: Compressive Strength of 0.6% Mortar Cubes
Table 5: Acid Attack (Hydrochloric Acid-HCl) for Conventional and Translucent concrete and mortar
Loss in Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
40
Loss in Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
40
35
35
20*4
20*4
7*12 1*81
7*12 1*81
30 10*8
25
20
15
30 10*8
25
20
15
7 Days
28 Days
7 Days
28 Days
10
5
0
10
5
0
No of Days
No of Days
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Fig12: Loss in Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
Loss in Strength for 0.3% Mortar Cubes
Categories % of POF Sl no Particulars ( Strands *Location)
Compressive strength (N\mm2) Weight loss (Kg) 7 Days
28 Days
Concrete 0.30% 1 (10*4) 24.1 23.4 0.11 2 (5*8) 23.3 22.65 0.16 3 (4*12) 27 26.25 0.15 4 (1*49) 28.55 27.35 0.1 Normal 5 normal 32.6 30.45 0.15 0.60% 6 (20*4) 31.9 29.68 0.01 7 (10*8) 27.6 26.35 0.1 8 (7*12) 33.8 31.25 0.05 9 (1*81) 31.62 29.8 0.1 Mortar 0.30% 10 (10*4) 52.2 51.45 0.1 11 (5*8) 53.4 52.3 0.15 12 (4*12) 53.15 52.16 0.08 13 (1*49) 54.6 53.1 0.11 Normal 14 Normal 53.8 52.4 0.15 0.60% 15 (20*4) 46.78 45.32 0.05 16 (10*8) 49.6 48.75 0.08 17 (7*12) 48.4 48.1 0.16 18 (1*81) 49.35 48.55 0.02 Categories % of POF Sl no Particulars ( Strands *Location)
Compressive strength (N\mm2) Weight loss (Kg) 7 Days
28 Days
Concrete 0.30% 1 (10*4) 24.1 23.4 0.11 2 (5*8) 23.3 22.65 0.16 3 (4*12) 27 26.25 0.15 4 (1*49) 28.55 27.35 0.1 Normal 5 normal 32.6 30.45 0.15 0.60% 6 (20*4) 31.9 29.68 0.01 7 (10*8) 27.6 26.35 0.1 8 (7*12) 33.8 31.25 0.05 9 (1*81) 31.62 29.8 0.1 Mortar 0.30% 10 (10*4) 52.2 51.45 0.1 11 (5*8) 53.4 52.3 0.15 12 (4*12) 53.15 52.16 0.08 13 (1*49) 54.6 53.1 0.11 Normal 14 Normal 53.8 52.4 0.15 0.60% 15 (20*4) 46.78 45.32 0.05 16 (10*8) 49.6 48.75 0.08 17 (7*12) 48.4 48.1 0.16 18 (1*81) 49.35 48.55 0.02 55
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
54.5
54
53.5
53
52.5
52
51.5
51
50.5
50
49.5
10*4
5*8
4*12
1*49
7 Days
28 Days
Loss in Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
Loss in Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
No of Days
4*12 1*49
4*12 1*49
Fig13: Loss in Strength for 0.3% Mortar Cubes
30
30
10*4
10*4
5*8
5*8
20
15
20
15
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Loss in Strength for 0.6% Mortar Cubes
25
25
10
5
0
10
5
0
Fig11: Loss in Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
50
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
49
48
47 20*4
46
45
44
43
10*8
7 days
28 Days
7 days
28 Days
7*12
1*81
7 Days
No of Days
No of Days
28 Days
No of Days
Fig14: Loss in Strength for 0.6% Mortar Cubes
Table 6: Sulphate Attack (Magnesium Sulphate-MgSo4) Conventional and Translucent for concrete and mortar
Loss in Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
Loss in Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
10*8
7*12
1*81
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
10*8
7*12
1*81
20*4
20*4
7 Days
28 Days
7 Days
28 Days
No of Days
No of Days
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Fig 16: Loss in Strength for 0.6% Concrete Cubes
Loss in Strength for 0.3% Mortar Cubes
56
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Categories % of POF Sl No Particulars ( Strads * Location) Compressive strength (N\mm2) Weigh t loss (Kg) 7 Day s
28 Day s
Concrete 0.30% 1 (10*4) 26.5 24.2 5
0.11 2 (5*8) 26.1 24.5 0.15 3 (4*12) 25.5 24.1 0.18 4 (1*49) 26.7 24.8 0.17 Normal 5 Normal 26.1 5
25.1 0.14 0.60% 6 (20*4) 27.2 26.8 5
0.11 7 (10*8) 32.2 29.1 9
0.17 8 (7*12) 31.1 5
29.6 0.18 9 (1*81) 30 28.8 5
0.19 Mortar 0.30% 10 (10*4) 52.7 51.3 5
0.1 11 (5*8) 47.1 46.1 0.15 12 (4*12) 49.3 5
49.1 0.12 13 (1*49) 53.4 6
52.5 8
0.1 Normal 14 Normal 54.1 5
53.1 2
0.19 0.60% 15 (20*4) 54.1 53.3 0.18 16 (10*8) 52.6 5
52.1 5
0.17 17 (7*12) 54.7 8
53.2 0.19 18 (1*81) 54.2 53.6 6
0.2 Categories % of POF Sl No Particulars ( Strads * Location) Compressive strength (N\mm2) Weigh t loss (Kg) 7 Day s
28 Day s
Concrete 0.30% 1 (10*4) 26.5 24.2 5
0.11 2 (5*8) 26.1 24.5 0.15 3 (4*12) 25.5 24.1 0.18 4 (1*49) 26.7 24.8 0.17 Normal 5 Normal 26.1 5
25.1 0.14 0.60% 6 (20*4) 27.2 26.8 5
0.11 7 (10*8) 32.2 29.1 9
0.17 8 (7*12) 31.1 5
29.6 0.18 9 (1*81) 30 28.8 5
0.19 Mortar 0.30% 10 (10*4) 52.7 51.3 5
0.1 11 (5*8) 47.1 46.1 0.15 12 (4*12) 49.3 5
49.1 0.12 13 (1*49) 53.4 6
52.5 8
0.1 Normal 14 Normal 54.1 5
53.1 2
0.19 0.60% 15 (20*4) 54.1 53.3 0.18 16 (10*8) 52.6 5
52.1 5
0.17 17 (7*12) 54.7 8
53.2 0.19 18 (1*81) 54.2 53.6 6
0.2 54 10*4
52
50
48
46
44
42
5*8
4*12
1*49
7 Days
28 Days
No of Days
20*4
20*4
1*81
1*81
27
27
10*4
10*4
1*49
1*49
5*8
5*8
26
26
4*12
4*12
Fig 17: Loss in Strength for 0.3% Mortar Cubes
Loss in Strength for 0.6% Mortar Cubes
Loss in Strength for 0.6% Mortar Cubes
Loss in Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
55
54.5
54
53.5
53
52.5
52
51.5
51
50.5
7*12
Loss in Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
55
54.5
54
53.5
53
52.5
52
51.5
51
50.5
7*12
10*8
10*8
7 Days
28 Days
7 Days
28 Days
No of Days
No of Days
25
24
25
24
7 Days
28 Days
7 Days
28 Days
23
22
23
22
No of Days
No of Days
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Compressive Strength N/mm2
Fig 18: Loss in Strength for 0.6% Mortar Cubes
Fig 15: Loss in Strength for 0.3% Concrete Cubes
Table 7: Light Transmissibility Test (Using LUX Meter) for Translucent Concrete
Categories % of POF Sl no Parameters Transmissi bility through Concrete in lux % of Transmissib ility passed in lux Concrete 0.30 %
1 (10*4) 425 11.18 2 (5*8) 386 10.15 3 (4*12) 382 10.05 4 (1*49) 530 13.94 0.60 %
5 (20*4) 950 25 6 (10*8) 969 25.5 7 (7*12) 923 24.28 8 (1*81) 1000 26.31 Mortar 0.30 %
1 (10*4) 436 11.47 2 (5*8) 391 10.28 3 (4*12) 396 10.42 4 (1*49) 478 12.57 0.60 %
5 (20*4) 940 24.73 6 (10*8) 990 26.05 7 (7*12) 903 23.76 8 (1*81) 995 26.1 in
in
Light Transmissibility through Concrete
Fig 20: Light Transmissibility through Mortar
Light Transmissibility through Mortar
30
24.73
Light Transmissibility through Mortar
30
24.73
26.05
26.05
26.1
26.1
25
25
23.76
23.76
20
15
20
15
11.47 10.28
11.47 10.28
10.42 12.57
10.42 12.57
10
10
0.30%
0.60%
0.30%
0.60%
5
0
5
0
1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th Parameters
1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th Parameters
% of Transmissibility in Lux
% of Transmissibility in Lux
- Compressive Strength Test of Concrete:
- CONCLUSION
- From the test results it is observed that difference configuration of fibres in terms of its pattern definitely have significant influence on light transmission ability.
- Experimental investigation reflects that with increase in percentages of optical fibres, light transmission ability through both concrete and mortar cubes are also increasing.
- Results depict that, when compared with different parameters of optical fibres in terms of its location, the ability of 4th parameter to transmit
% of Transmissibility
Lux
% of Transmissibility
Lux
30 25 25.5 24.28 26.31
25
20
15
15
13.94
11.18 10.15 10.05
10
5
0
0.30%
0.60%
light proves to be 20% more efficient than rest of the parameters.
- When compared with concrete and mortar cubes, it is observed that light transmitting ability of mortar cubes are 10% more efficient than the concrete cubes.
- From the test results it is noted that, there is no compromise in terms of strength of concrete and mortar cubes even if the percentage of optical fibres is increased when compared to conventional
1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th Parameters
Fig 19: Light Transmissibility through Concrete
concrete.
- Durability results shows that, optical fibres used in concrete and mortar cubes offer better resistance against various chemical actions such as acid resistance test and sulphate resistance test without affecting light transmissibility index.
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