A New Printed Monopole Antenna As EMI Sensor

A New Printed Monopole Antenna As EMI Sensor

Mohammed Siddeq1 and Dr M. Satyanarayana2

1. Final year student, Department of ECE, M.V.G.R College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, AP-535005, INDIA .

2. Associate Professor, Department of ECE, M.V.G.R College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, AP-535005, INDIA .

.

ABSTRACT

This paper presents an initial investigation on the performance of multi-band printed rectangular monopole antenna as a sensor for measuring of electromagnetic interference (EMI). The triple-band is designed by etching narrow slots of different lengths. To design and meet the Requirements of multi-band frequency range antennas, several configurations can be used. Here we presented a Triple band of T-shape with a long and short arm. For the antenna design development, slot structures have been used to reduce the size of the antenna. The printed monopole antenna is designed etched onto a FR-4 epoxy substrate with an overall size of 33.06mm × 25mm ×1. 6 mm. The proposed antenna is simulated using Ansoft HFSSv13 software and the practical results are obtained by testing the fabricated antennas on Vector Network Analyzer (E5071C). The rectangular patch is the radiating element combined with ring slot with a plus shape enclosed inside. The inclusion of the ring slot with a plus shape upon its results in the excitation of coverage of the 2.5 to 2.68 GHz band, without increasing the size (since the current is divided between the rectangular patch and the ring slot attaining two resonant frequencies). The U- shaped slot gives resonance in the 3.1 to 4.1 and 5.3 to 6 GHz bands. The combination of the rectangular patch and ground plane results in Triple band resonating frequency (2.6, 3.5, 5.7 GHz) operating antenna (S11 < -10db).

Keywords:

Electromagnetic Interference, Multi Band, Strip Monopole, Printed Antennas.

1. INTRODUCTION

   The electromagnetic interference (EMI) has become an important issue in the operation of modern high frequency electronic equipment. The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing is required for EMC compliance of the electronic devices. This involves the measurement of radiated electromagnetic field from the equipment using accurately calibrated EMI sensor [1-2]. The carrying out of a sensor/ antenna depends on its antenna factor, which is the ratio of the incident electric field along the antenna surface of the received voltage at the load end [3]. Loaded wire antennas, dipoles, rectangular waveguides are commonly used as EMI sensors [4

   7]. A triple-band unidirectional coplanar antenna is presented, but with a large size of 100 * 60 mm2 [8]. Usually, to meet the requirements of multi-band frequency range, at various types of configurations could be applied. In [9], Here we presented T-shape of multi-band frequency with a long and short arm. In [10], the use of U-slots with a combination with an L-probe feed is used to produce dual and multi-band

   Characteristics. A triangular-slot loaded multi-band antenna excited by the strip monopole is presented in [11]. In [12], the adjustment of the size of the slots on the radiating patch improves the performance of the coplanar waveguide-fed monopole antenna, but with a low antenna gain. Meandering slot antennas, in [13, 14], could also be used as well with different slots to generate two resonant modes. However, the complex structures of these antennas make them unsuitable for the practical applications. In [15] a miniaturize multi- frequency antenna is proposed using circular ring, and a defected ground plane.

2. ANTENNA DESIGN

   The patch antenna was designed on the basis of the transmission line model (TLM). The width of the patch is calculated first, given by the formula

   Where is the substrate dielectric constant, W is the width of the patch and h is the height of the substrate. An effective dielectric constant reff is used. The effective dielectric constant is defined as the dielectric constant of the uniform dielectric material so that

   The patch we have used in our model is square patch, so the length and the width are the same. The dimensions of the patch are extended to account the fringing effect; the extension is given by

   Since the length has been extended by on each side of the patch, the effective length is given by

   Patch resonant length L is given by,

   The configuration of the triple-band antenna is shown in Figures. The rectangular patch is the radiating element combined with ring slot with a plus shape enclosed inside of it shown in figure1 (a). We used a 1.6 mm-thick FR4 epoxy

   substrate and = 4.4. The partial ground plane with a U- shaped slot is located on the ground plane of the dielectric substrate, as shown in Figure1 (b). The inclusion of the ring slot with a plus shape upon its results in the excitation of coverage of the 2.5 to 2.68 GHz band, without increasing the size (since the current is divided between the rectangular patch and the ring slot attaining two resonant frequencies). The U- shaped slot gives resonance in the 3.1 to 4.1 and 5.3 to 6 GHz bands. The combination of the rectangular patch and ground plane results in Triple band resonating frequency (2.6, 3.5 and 5.7GHz) operating antenna. The proposed antenna is simulated using Ansoft HFSSv13 software and the practical results are obtained by testing the fabricated antennas on Vector Network Analyzer (E5071C).

   The antenna dimensions (in mm)

   Parameter	Size (mm)	Parameter	Size (mm)	Parameter	Size (mm)
   W	18	Ds	2.10	Ws	7.5
   L	33.06	P	1	Wh	5.5
   wf	3	Q	1.5	Sg	2.5
   Lr	21	R	2	S	1
   Sd	4.4	Wg	25
   Wfs	0.9	Lg	9

   Figure 1 (a): patch Figure 1 (b): ground

3. RESULTS

3.1 Theoretical Results

The Return Loss observed for the structure shows at return loss of -49dB at 2.6GHz, a return loss of -19dB at 3.5GHz and a return loss of -37dB at 5.7GHz.

return losses

0.00

HFSSDesign1 ANSOFT

Curve Info dB(St(Rectangle2_T1,Rectangle2_T1))

Setup1 : Sw eep

Figure 2(a): patch (HFSS) Figure 2(b): ground (HFSS)

-10.00

dB(St(Rectangle2_T1,Rectangle2_T1))

dB(St(Rectangle2_T1,Rectangle2_T1))

-20.00

-30.00

-40.00

m1 m3 m4

m5

Name X Y

m1 2.5000 -9.9117

m2 2.6000 -49.5041

m3 2.6848 -10.1803

m4 3.1000 -10.2072

m5 3.5000 -19.4948

m6 4.1000 -10.3749

m7 5.3000 -10.3520

m8 5.7000 -37.5751

m9 6.0000 -9.8461

m6 m7 m9

m8

-50.00

m2

2.04 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 6.51

Freq [GHz]

Fig 4 (a) : Return Losses (theoretical)

The VSWR observed in the structure shows 1.13 at 2.6GHz,

1.32 at 3.7GHz and 1.02 at 5.7GHz.

Name X Y

6m21.30 2.6000 1.1373

m2 5.7000 1.0279

m3 3.7000 1.3294

50.00

VSWRt(Rectangle2_T1)

VSWRt(Rectangle2_T1)

37.50

25.00

12.50

XY Plot 2

HFSSDeign1 ANSOFT

Curve Info VSWRt(Rectangle2_T1)

Setup1 : Sw eep

Figure 3(a): patch (Fabricated antenna)

0.00

m1 m3 m2

1.01 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 9.98

Freq [GHz]

Fig 4 (b) : VSWR (theoretical)

3.2 Practical Results

The Return Loss observed in the structure shows at return loss of -33dB at 2.3GHz, a return loss of -23dB at 3.3GHz and a return loss of -18dB at 6GHz.

Figure 3(b): ground (Fabricated antenna)

Fig 5 (a) : Return Losses (practical)

The VSWR observed in the structure shows 1.04 at 2.3GHz,

1.14 at 3.3GHz and 1.2 at 6GHz.

Fig 5 (b) : VSWR (practical)

4 CONCLUSION

In this paper, a compact Multi-band edge fed antenna proposed as an EMI sensor. The antenna has been fabricated and tested, which are wide enough to cover the required bandwidths of 2.6/3.5/5.7GHz.The percentage bandwidth of 6.9% and 12.2% is observed in the structure at 2.6GHz and 5.7GHz which can be used for sensing EMI. The percentage bandwidth of 28.5% is observed at 3.5GHz and it can be used for broadband applications.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors are grateful to the MVGR College of Engineering, Vizianagaram for providing lab facilities to fabricate and test the antenna using the Vector Network Analyzer (E5071C).

REFERENCES

[1]. M.Kanda, Standard Probes for Electromagnetic field Measurement. IEEE Transactions on antennas and propagation. Vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 1349-1364, Oct. 1993.

[2]. Krug F., and Russer p., The Time-Domain Electromagnetic Interference Measurement System, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility. vol. 45, no.2, pp.330-338, May 2003. [3]. C. R. Paul, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility. New York: John Wiley & sons Inc., pp. 1-236, 1992.

[4]. Ghosh s., Chakrabarty A., and Sanyal S., Loaded wire antenna as EMI sensor. progress in Electromagnetics Research, PIER 54, 19- 36,2005.

[5]. Ghosh s., Chakrabarty A., and Sanyal S., Estimation of antenna factor of wire antenna as EMI sensor. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 16, no.1, 2012.

[6]. Bhattacharya, A., Gupta, S. And Chakrabarty A., Analysis of rectangular waveguides and thick windows as EMI sensors. progress in Electromagnetics Research, PIER 22, 231-258,1999.

[7]. Ghosh s., Abdulla, p. and Chakra arty, A., Monopole antenna loaded with dielectric resonator as EMI Sensor. 4th international

conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, ICECE, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 19-21 Dec 2006.

[8]. Li R.L., T. Wu, and M. M. Tentzeris, A triple-band unidirectional coplanar antenna for 2.4/3.5/5-GHz WLAN/WiMax applications, Proceedings of IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp., 14, Charleston, SC, June 15, 2009. [9]. Chang, T. N. and J.-H. Jiang, Meandered T-shaped monopole antenna, IEEE Trans. An- tennas Propag., Vol. 57, No. 12, 39763978, 2009.

[10]. Lee K. F., S. L. S. Yang, and A. A. Kishk, Dual- and multiband U-slot patch antennas, IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett, Vol. 7, 645647, 2008.

[11]. Augustin G., S. V. Shynu, P. Mohanan, C. K. Aanandan, and

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MOHAMMED SIDDEQ was born in Vizianagaram, India in 1993. He is pursuing his B. Tech in Electronics and communication from the M.V.G.R College of Engineering, Vizianagaram affiliated to JNTU Kakinada. His areas of interests are Antennas and Wireless communication, Microwave

communication and Digital Electronics.

Dr. M. Satyanarayana was received

B. Tech in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Nagarjuna University in 2001.In 2004 he obtained M. Tech (Radar and Microwave Engineering) from Andhra University College of Engineering (A). He Awarded Ph.D. from Andhra University College of Engineering (A)

in 2013. He is working as Associate Professor in Dept. of ECE in MVGR College of Engineering; Vizianagaram. He did his Ph.D. under Dr.G.S.N Raju in Dept. of ECE, AU College of Engineering (A), Andhra University, and Visakhapatnam. He presented 2 National and 9 International papers at various conferences. He published 5 Technical papers in National and International journals. His research interests include Phased Array Antennas, Slotted Waveguides and EMI/EMC. Dr.Satyanarayana is the life member of ISTE, IETE and SEMCE (India).