A Novel Control Strategy for a Grid Connected Converter under Dynamic Fault Conditions

A Novel Control Strategy for a Grid Connected Converter under Dynamic Fault Conditions

Bhumika Barange

Department of Electrical Engineering Student, Rungta college of engineering Bhilai Bhilai (CG), India

Abstract In this paper, the control strategy for the Converter used in utility distribution systems is investigate, and a three- phase grid-connected converters are widely used in renewable and electric power system applications. Traditionally, grid- connected converters are controlled with standard decoupled d-q vector control mechanisms. However, recent studies indicate that such mechanisms show limitations in their applicability to dynamic system. Based on power balancing principle and feed forward decoupling control, this novel Direct Output voltage (DOV) control strategy cannot only reduce the active and reactive current control loops of a conventional double-loop control strategy but also achieve the decoupling control to regulate dc-link voltage and maintain the voltages at the point of common coupling (PCC). PI controllers are separately employed to maintain the voltages at the PCC and to simultaneously regulate dc-link voltage. (Abstract)

Keywords- PI Controller, D-Q axis parameter, grid connected converter, decouple vector control.

1. INTRODUCTION

   Recently, with the growth of nonlinear loads in industrial manufactures, the electric power quality has become more and more important. As one of the most common issues about the electric power quality, voltage uctuations inuence domestic lighting and sensitive apparatus in transmission and distribution systems [1]. As a key component for the implementation of a exible ac transmission system, the main function of a Converter is to regulate the voltages at the point of common coupling (PCC) in transmission. The Converter is a shunt connected voltage source converter using self- commutating device and can be effectively used for reactive power control. In renewable and electric power system applications, a three-phase grid- connected dc/ac voltage- source pulse-width-modulated (PWM) converter is usually employed to interface between the dc and ac systems. Fig. 1 demonstrates the grid-connected dc/ac converter. Conventionally, this type of converter is controlled using the standard decoupled d-q vector control approach [2] [3].

   Fig. 1.Grid Connected Converter

   Preeti Gotekar

   Department of Electrical Engineering Reader, Rungta college of engineering Bhilai Bhilai (CG), India

   Fig.2 .Standard Vector Control Strategy

   Fig.3 Performance of conventional standard vector controller [Ts =0.1 ms

   1. dq current (b) three-phase current.

      Direct Power Control:- The basic idea of the DPC approach, proposed by Noguchi [4], is the direct control of active and reactive power. In DPC, the inner current control loops and the PWM modula- tor are not required because the converter switching states are selected by a switching table based on the instantaneous errors between the commanded and the estimated values of active and reactive powers (Fig. 5).

      Fig. 4 Performance of DCC vector controller [Ts = 0.1 ms (a) dq current

   2. three-phase current.

   However, a major challenge of the direct-current-based vector control mechanism is that no well- established systematical approach to tuning the PI controller gains exists, so that optimal DCC is hard to obtain. Other con- trol methods have also been developed recently.

   In this paper, K P and K I are calculated offline based on the ZieglerNichols method. The error e and the change of error e are used as numerical variables from the real system.

   Fig.6 the DOV control strategy with a feedforward decoupler.

   .To convert these numerical variables into linguistic variables, the following seven fuzzy sets are chosen: negative big (NB), negative medium (NM), negative small (NS), zero (ZE), positive small (PS), positive medium (PM), and positive big (PB).

   Fig.5. Direct current Vector Control

   Fuzzy for PI Controller:-As is known to everyone, the traditional PI controller is widely used in industrial applications for its simplicity and reliability. However, in practice, a traditional PI controller with constant parameters may not be robust enough due to the variations of design parameters. To improve the static and dynamic performances of the STATCOM with this improved DOV control strategy, two fuzzy PI controllers have been adopted to separately regulate the dc-link voltage and maintain the voltages at the PCC.A fuzzy adjustor is used to adjust the parameters of proportional gain KP and integral gain KI based on the error e and the change of error e [12]

   KP = K P +KP KI = K I +KI

   Where K P and K I are the reference values of fuzzy-PI- based controllers.

2. SYSTEM OBJECTIVE

   The main objective of this work is to design a selectively coordinated electrical power system using Mi Power, A Power System Analysis and Simulation Software.

3. PROPOSED WORK

   By connecting the compensating devices at different- different distances, we will analyse the result and find the best one which would be more suitable for system.By changing the demand or load, we will see the status of waveform of voltage and current.

   The model consists of

   • Three phase source

   • PI Controller

   • D-Q Axis and a-b-c model

   • Voltage measurement block

   • Current measurement block

   • Active and reactive power compensation.

   • Grid connected converter

   • Circuit breaker to generate fault for analysis

   SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

   Fig 7. va1,b1,c1 stands for the GCC output voltage in the three-phase ac system and the corresponding voltages in dq-reference frame are vd1 and vq1. va,b,c is the three-phase PCC voltage and the corresponding voltage in dq-reference frame are vd and vq. ia,b,c stands for the three-phase current owing from PCC to GCC and the corresponding currents in dq-reference frame are id and iq

4. FUTURE SCOPE

   Fig. 8 Proposed model for project

   while maintaining a high power quality. Under a fault in the

   Three phase grid-connected converters are widely used in renewable and electric power system applications. A dc/dc/ac converter for solar, battery and fuel cell application. A Dc/ac converter for STATCOM applications. An ac/dc/ac for wind power and HVDC application. Controlling a turbo generator and tracking control with time delay.

   Performing auto landing and control of an aircraft .It will be applicable to improve reliability of system and reduced cost of maintenance of equipments. It is applicable in future extension and designing a new power system damaging to equipments and personnel by faults will be minimized. For future work, we plan to purchase equipment and develop hardware experiment system.

5. EXPECTED RESULT

   Grid-connected Rectifier/Inverter under Disturbance, Dynamic and Power Converter Switching Conditions which should be:

   The fuzzy controller can track the reference d- and q-axis currents effectively even for highly random fluctuating reference currents minimize. The damage/error signal due to the fault, Fuzzy for control approach produces the faster response time, low Overshoot and Maintaining the high power

6. CONCLUSION

Three-phase grid-connected Converter are used widely in renewable, micro grid and electric power system applications. This paper analyzes the limitations associated with conventional vector control methods for the grid- connected coverters. Then, a neural-network based vector control method was developed. The paper described how the vector controller was developed based on a

Dynamic-programming technique and trained via a back propagation through time algorithm. The performance evaluation demonstrates that the neural controller can track the

grid system, the neural controller exhibits a strong short- circuits ride-through capability.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their helpful comments which contributed to an improve the paper.

REFERENCES

1. Artificial Neural Networks for Control of a Grid-Connected Rectifier/Inverter Under Disturbance, Dynamic and Power Converter Switching Conditions Shuhui Li, Senior Member, IEEE, Michael Fairbank, Student Member, IEEE, Cameron Johnson, Donald C. Wunsch, Fellow, IEEE, Eduardo Alonso, and Julio L. Proaño IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS, VOL. 25, NO. 4, APRIL 2014.

2. Vector Control of a Grid-Connected Rectifier/Inverter Using an ArtificialNeural Network Shuhui Li Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA email: sli@eng.ua.edu WCCI 2012 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence June, 10-15, 2012 – Brisbane, Australia.

3. S. Li, M. Fairbank, D. C. Wunsch, and E. Alonso, Vector control of a grid- connected rectier/inverter using an articial neural network, in Proc. IJCNN,

   Jun. 2012

4. Bouafia J.P. Gaubert A. Chaoui Direct Power Control Scheme Based on Disturbance Rejection Principle for Three-Phase PWM AC/DC Converter under Different Input Voltage Conditions J. Electrical Systems (2012).

5. S. k Shethi and J.K. Moharana ,Design, Analysis and Simulation of Linear Model of a STATCOM for Reactive Power Compensation with Variation of DC-link Voltage. (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 5, November 2012.

6. Xiao-Qiang GUO, Wei-Yang WU, He-Rong GU Yanshan University Phase locked loop and synchronization methods for grid- interfaced converters: a review ISSN 0033-2097, R. 87 NR 4/2011

7. S. Li, T. A. Haskew, Y. Hong, and L. Xu, Direct-current vector control of three- phase grid-connected rectier-inverter, Electric Power Syst. Res., vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 357366, Feb. 2011

8. Grid Connected DC Distribution System for Efficient Integration of Sustainable Energy Sources M. Elshaer, Member, IEEE, A. Mohamed, Member, IEEE and O.

   Mohammed, Fellow, IEEE 978- 1-61284-788-7/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE

9. S. K. Khadem, M. Basu and M.F. Conlon Power Quality in Grid connected Renewable Energy Systems: Role of Custom Power device International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ10) Granada (Spain), 23rd to 25th March, 2010.

10. J. Dannehl, C. Wessels, and F. W. Fuchs, Limitations of voltage- oriented PI current control of grid-connected PWM rectiers with LCL lters, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 380388, Feb. 2009.

11. C. Rabelo, W. Hofmann, J. L. Silva, R. G. Oliveira, and S. R. Silva, Reactive power control design in doubly fed induction generators for wind turbines, IEEE

    reference d-axis and q-axis currents effectively even for highly random punctuating reference currents. Compared to standard vector control methods and direct- current vector control techniques, the neural vector control approach produces the fastest response time, low overshoot, and, in general, the best

13. Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 10, pp. 4154 4162, Oct. 2009.

    Luo, C. Tang, Z. Shuai, J. Tang, X. Xu, and D. Chen, Fuzzy-PI- based direct- output-voltage control strategy for the STATCOM used in utility distribution systems, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 7, pp. 24012411, Jul. 2009.

    1. Xu and Y. Wang, Dynamic modeling and control of DFIG based wind turbines under unbalanced network conditions, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 314323, Feb. 2007.

       performance. To improve Fuzzy and stability under disturbance conditions, we used additional strategies. These include adding integrals of error signals to the network inputs and introducing grid disturbance voltage to the outputs of a well-trained network rather than to the inputs of the network. We have proved that these strategies are effective. In both power converters switching environments and nested- loop control conditions, the neural network vector controller demonstrates strong capability in tracking reference command

14. J. M. Carrasco, L. G. Franquelo, J. T. Bialasiewicz, E. Galván, R. C. P. Guisado,

1. Á. M. Prats, J. I. León, and N. Moreno- Alfonso, Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: A survey, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no.4, pp. 10021016, Jun. 2006