Android Controlled Solar based Grass Cutter Robot

Android Controlled Solar based Grass Cutter Robot

M/s. Snehal Popat Jagdale Department of Electronics & Telecommunication, Dr. D Y Patil school of engineering academy Ambi,

Talegaon, India

Prof. Priti Rajput

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication, Dr. D Y Patil school of engineering academy Ambi,

Talegaon, India

Abstract Manual grass cutting requires man power, time and it may create non-uniform structure of grass height. Hence to avoid all these issues it is essential to create a system which can cut the grass without any human involvement. This research implements the grass cutting robot which has battery which can be charged by solar energy. This robot can be operated using android phone. This system can be created with minimum cost as compared to other existing systems. This is rugged, durable and maintenance free. This system is pollution free due to the use of solar energy to charge the battery.

Keywords Android, Bluetooth, Grass Cutter, Solar Energy

1. INTRODUCTION

   The automation is useful at various stages of human life. The beautiful evenly cut grass increases the beauteousness of any hotel, house, park, meeting hall etc. Hence uniform grass cutting is important to maintain the prestige of any house or hotel. The manual grass cutting is possible using human being but it usually consumes time and energy of human being. Also the manual grass cutting is inefficient and many time results in non-uniform structure of grass. Hence to avoid all these issues it is better to use automated grass cutting robot machine which can be operated through android phone.

   This research implements the android operated grass cutting robot. This system establishes connection with android phone using Bluetooth. This robots motion includes following motions forward, backward, left turn, right turn and grass cutter on/off. All these motions are controlled by android application. This robot is operated by using 12V 7.5AH battery. To charge this battery solar panel is connected above the battery.

   Many researchers have proposed a similar design of solar based grass cutting robot. Firas B. Ismail et al. [1] implemented a design in which the blades of cutter are placed at the middle of four wheels of robot. This will creates disturbance during the grass cutting process. If the size of grass is larger, this will stop the wheel and hence this system cannot be used in a efficient manner. Bincy Abraham et al. [2] and Mallikarjun Mudda et al. [3] proposed a similar system of grass cutting robot. But this system cannot control by android smart phone. It has ultrasonic sensor which can detects the obstacle. This system automatically changes its path if the sensor senses any obstacle. Also this system does not contain four wheels. Hence sometimes it creates a problem of balancing in real time working scenario. Rishabh Gupta et al.

   [4] published a survey paper on solar based grass cutting robot. They had explained the various similar systems and their pros and cons. Sagar V. Palve et al. [5] implemented a

   similar system but this paper failed to show the actual model of the system.

2. MATERIAL AND METHODS

   1. Material

      This system uses following material and components,

      1. Arduino with AT mega 328P microcontroller Arduino is an open-source embedded system platform

         platform. This research uses Arduino platform with ATmega328P microcontroller. This microcontroller has 28 pins and it is cheaper and efficient as compared to other microcontrollers. Any new C++ language code can be first tested in arduino-1.6.7-windows software. After verifying this code, it can be loaded into the Arduino platform using simple USB cable connected between PC and Arduino kit. The figure 1 below shows the Arduino IDE kit along with ATmega328P microcontroller.

         Figure 1:-Arduino with ATmega328P microcontroller

      2. LCD Display

         This research uses 16 by 2 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen to display the direction of movement of this system. It also shows the ON and OFF status of Grass Cutter. This is a preferable module over seven segment and multi segment LED modules. This is because it is economical and it can show any special and custom character, animations and so on. This module can show 16 characters on each line and it has 2 such lines. Each character is on this LCD module is displayed in 5*7 pixel matrix. This LCD consists of Command Register to store the commands provided to this module. The Data

         Register in LCD module is used to store the data displayed on LCD display. Figure 2 below shows the 16*2 LCD module.

         Figure 2:- 16*2 LCD Module

      3. Bluetooth Module

         This research uses an Arduino, HC-06 bluetooth module to transfer the commands from android smart phone to the system. This HC-06 bluetooth module is mounted on the system along with some relays. Initially user connects its smart phone with this module. After a successful connection user can provide the desired direction change command to the system from maximum 10-meter distance. Also, user can switch ON and OFF the grass cutter through its mobile using the android application.

         HC-06 bluetooth module is mainly used for short-range wireless connectivity. This is economical and durable module as compared to other existing bluetooth modules. Figure 3 below shows the HC-06 bluetooth module.

         Figure 3: – HC-06 bluetooth module

      4. DC Motor

         This system uses 4 DC motors of 12V rating to which 4 wheels are connected. This motor converts DC electrical input into mechanical energy by rotational motion of shaft. This motor is cheaper and requires less electrical voltage for its operation as compared to other similar motors. The figure 4 below shows the DC motor.

         12V DC input voltage to operate. Hence L293D motor driver IC is connected between microcontroller output pin and DC motor input. This IC acts as a current amplifier. It takes low current signal from microcontroller and after amplification provides high current signal to DC motor. This high current signal is useful to drive the DC motor. L293D consist of two inbuilt H-bridge driver circuits. Simultaneous operation of two DC motors is possible in common mode of this IC. Input logic at pins 2 and 7 and 10 and 15 controls the operation of two motors. To stop the first motor input logic 00 is used. Logic 11 is used to stop the other motor. Logic 01 and 10 will the motor clockwise and anticlockwise directions, respectively. Pin 1 and 9 are enable pins for two connected motors. To start this motors the enable pin of this motor must be high. The figure 5 below shows the motor driver IC L239D.

         Figure 5: – Motor driver IC L239D

         vii) Solar Panel

         This system uses 12V, 10-Watt solar panel. It has aluminum frame and its surface is made up with tampered glass material. This panel is consists of mono crystalline silicon. This panel is compact, lightweight and economical as compared to other existing panels of similar rating. Figure 6 below shows the solar panel.

   2. Methods

   Figure 6: – 12V, 10 W solar panel

   Figure 4: – DC motor

   1. Motor Driver IC

      The DC motor in this system is connected with analog output pin of ATmega328P microcontroller. But this microcontroller can produces maximum 5V of DC output voltage. The DC motor connected with this system requires

      This research uses DC 12V 7.5AH battery supply to operate whole system. This battery is connected with solar panel. Hence solar energy is used to charge this battery. This system has 4 DC motors to which 4 wheels are conected and the blades for grass cutting are connected at the front side of this system. To operate this system the connection must be established between this system and android smart phone.

      Both these are connected using Bluetooth. After the successful connection the user can operate this system using android application installed on smart phone. User can switch ON and OFF the grass cutter. Also, he can move this grass cutter in vertical and horizontal direction. The figure 7 below shows the complete system.

      Figure 9 below shows the flowchart of the system.

      Start the system by providing 12 V DC supply

      Start the system by providing 12 V DC supply

      Start

      Connect the system with Android Smart Phone

      Connect the system with Android Smart Phone

      Figure 7: – Proposed system

3. PROPOSED FRAMEWORK

   The figure 8 below shows the block diagram of proposed framework.

   No Whether the

   connection established?

   Start the grass cutter

   Start the grass cutter

   Move the system in forward, backward, left and right direction

   Move the system in forward, backward, left and right direction

   Yes

   Stop the grass cutter

   Stop the grass cutter

   Switch off the supply from battery

   Switch off the supply from battery

   Stop

   Figure 8: – Block Diagram

   As shown in figure 8 above, Solar Panel is connected to battery. Battery provides 12 V DC supply to the system which can be minimized to 5V DC voltage using voltage regulator. The Arduino is operated with 5V DC voltage. The LCD module, Bluetooth module, DC motors, buzzer are connected with output pins of ATmega328P microcontroller.

   Figure 9: – Flowchart of the system

   As shown in figure 9 above, initially the 12 V battery supply needed to start. This supply will be converted into 5V DC supply using voltage regulator. This 5V supply will be provided to microcontroller. The Bluetooth module needed to be started and connected to the android smart phone. Once the connection is established between the smart phone and the system, user can move this system in vertical and horizontal direction using android application in smart phone. User will start the grass cutter to cut the grass of desired location. After completing grass cutting task, user will switch OFF the grass cutter using android smart phone. Then the main system can be switched OFF by disconnecting the 12V battery supply to the system.

4. PROS, CONS AND APPLICATIONS

   Pros:

   1. Portable structure with Compact size

   2. Simple operation

   3. Less cost

   4. Uniform grass cutting is possible

   5. Reduces human efforts Cons:

   This system cannot be operated in presence of rain.

   Application:

   This system can be used to cut the grass of cricket ground, football ground, garden etc.

5. CONCLUSION

   This research shows the implementation of smart phone operated grass cutter. This grass cutter can be operated using android smart phone within a 10 meter range. The user can perform horizontal and vertical movement of grass cutter using android application in smart phone. This system uses 12V 7.5AH lead acid battery. This battery can be charge by solar energy. To charge this battery the 12V, 10Watt solar panel is connected with this system. This system is cheaper, rugged and durable.

   With the use of this system human efforts for grass cutting are highly minimized. Also, manual grass cutting can create non-uniform grass size. But with the use of this system the grass cutting is uniform, and one can use this system to cut the grass of any playground.

6. FUNDING

   This research is self-funded. The author of this paper invested the complete amount to create this system.

7. CONFLICT OF INTEREST

   All the authors of this publication declare that they have no any conflict of interest for publication of this research.

8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

   Authors acknowledge the guidance provided by Prof. Preeti Rajut to complete this research. Also head of E&TC department of D. Y. Patil College of Engineering, Ambi Talegaon,Pune motivated us to complete this research.

9. DECLARATION

   This research does not perform experiment on any living thing such as human participant or animals.

10. REFERENCES

1. Firas B. Ismail, Nizar F.O. Al-Muhsen, Fazreen A. Fuzi, A. Zukipli, Design and Development of Smart Solar Grass Cutter, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, pp 4137-4141,

   ISSN: 2249 8958, Volume-9, Issue-2, December 2019

2. Bincy Abhraham, Darsana P S, Isabella Sebastian, Sisy N Joseph, Prof. George John P, Solar Powered Fully Automated Grass Cutting Machine, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, pp 2520-2524, Vol. 6,

   Issue 4, April 2017

3. Mallikarjun Mudda, VishwaTeja, Srujan Kumar, Praveen Kumar, Automatic Solar Grass Cutter, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, pp 1148-1151, Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2018

4. Rishabh Gupta, Shubham Singh, Prateek Diwedi, Ravi Singh, Shubham Singh, Prof. Om Prakash Umrao, Solar powered Automatic Grass Cutter, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, pp 2554-2556, Volume: 05, Issue: 04,

   Apr-2018

5. Sagar V. Palve, Kunal Panchal, Rahul Chipkar, Ajay Patil, Ganesh L. Sonawane, Solar Powered Automated Grass Cutter Machine, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, pp 2318-2321, Volume: 05, Issue: 04, Apr-2018

6. Anuradha Kadam, Vrushali Khadake, Snehal Nalawade, Karishma Mujawar, Nilofar Mulla, Automated Solar Operated Grass Cutting Machine, International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, pp 11-18, Volume: 07, Special Issue: 03, Feb-2018

7. Ms. Bhagyashri R. Patil, Mr. Sagar S. Patil, Solar Based Grass Cutter: A Review, International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, pp 134-138, Volume: 09, Issue: 01, Jun-2017

8. M. Manimegalai, V. Mekala, N. Prabhuram, D. Suganthan, Automatic Solar Powered Grass Cutter Incorporated with Alphabet Printing and Pesticide Sprayer, In 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Communication for Smart World (I2C2SW), pp. 268-271. IEEE, 2018

9. Ashish kumar chaudhari, Yuvraj sahu, Prabhat kumar Dwivedi, Harsh Jain, Experimental study of Solar Power Grass Cutter Robot, pp 68-73, Vol-2, Issue-2 2016

10. Shankarappa Jogur, Venkatesh T, Tenzin Tenpa , Prof. Pradeep Vinhuti, Solar Based Grass Cutter Using Zigbee, International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, pp 3997-4001, Vol. 4, Issue 5 , May 2017

11. Aditya S. Rajmani, Appaji N. Gaonkar, Ajay Darak, Akshay Joshi, Prof. Vinay M. Murgod, Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Operating Grass Cutter, pp 795-799, Vol. 8 Issue 05, May-2019

12. Neha, Syeda Asra, Automated Grass Cutter Robot Based on IoT, International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, pp 334-337, Volume 2, Issue 5, Aug 2018

13. K. Sravan Kumar, Abdul Sharif, Surya, Design and Fabrication of Automated Grass Cutting Machine by Using Solar Energy, International Journal & Magazine of Engineering, Technology, Management and Research, pp 153-159, Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2017