Assessment of Influence on Mechanical Properties of M40 Grade of Concrete by using Polypropylene Fiber and Nano-Silica Liquid

Assessment of Influence on Mechanical Properties of M40 Grade of Concrete by using Polypropylene Fiber and Nano-Silica Liquid

Swapnil Gupta1

1M-Tech Student,

Kaushik Majumdar2

2Assistant Professor,

Department of Civil Engineering, Department of Civil

Sagar Institute Of Research &Technology Excellence Bhopal,(M.P.)

Sagar Institute Of Research & Technology Excellence Bhopal,(M.P.)

Abstract- This is the aeon of reformation and it can be more reform by using eco-friendly construction material i.e. Nano- silica liquid (in order to intensify the compressive strength of concrete as well as concurrently devaluate in the creep and shrinkage of concrete) and Polypropylene fiber in it (to elevate the flexural strength of concrete). In this study the strength parameters of concrete of M-40 grade can be analyzed by replacing cement by affix dissimilar percentages of Nano- Silica Liquid , 0%, 5% and 10% of by weight of cement and Polypropylene fiber with 0%, 0.50% and 1% by volume of cement in concrete. Strength Properties studies involve compressive strength, flexural strength. All the mixes were cured and tested with the compressive strength test as well as flexural strength test for 7 days, 14 days and 28days. The results acquired from tests is to be compared with the traditional concrete mix. The study shows that the use of waste material like Nano-silica liquid in concrete is feasible.

Keywords: Nano-Silica Liquid (NS),Polypropylene Fiber(PPF,) Compressive strength (CS), Flexural strength (FS).

1. INTRODUCTION

   Now a days, infrastructure projects are increased at a very swift rate. Which leads to the production of cement at incredible rate. A huge amount of energy is consumes in the production of cement, that releases the magnanimous amount of CO2 as a chief sources of air pollution. For the production of ordinary Portland cement it consumes natural resources like limestone, as well as Argillaceous product and there is a instant need to economize the use of cement. Large amount of solid waste is produced in forms of silica fume and recron fiber. Polypropylene fibers compose through the fibrillation of polypropylene in order to control the plastic shrinkage of concrete polypropylene fiber added to concrete as an secondary reinforcement. Some test program has been conduct which shows increased in compressive strength of concrete by adding Nano-silica liquid in it The addition of Nano-silica Liquid in concrete is efficient for improving its compressive strength simultaneously Polypropylene Fiber able to enhance its Flexural Strength as well as helps in reducing the drying shrinkage in concrete and improving the abrasion resistance. Nano-Concrete also improve the bond strength with the reinforcing steel, and reducing the

   permeability in concrete. For workability and flexural strength of fiber reinforced Nano-silica concrete, nano- silica content used were 0%, 5% and 10% by replacement of weight of cement and polypropylene fiber used 0%

   ,0.5% and 1% by volume of cement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using waste material like Nano-silica and polypropylene fiber. In this Research work, a suitable mix proportion with polypropylene fibers and Nano-silica in concrete that elevates the strength. Nano- silica liquid and Polypropylene Fiber are one of the matrials that are considerd as a wast matrial which could hav a promising futur in construction industry. Pietro Di Maida (2017) Nanosilica-based treatment by means of the sol-gel process was successfully conducted on macro-synthetic PP bres in order to improve the interaction area at the interface between the synthetic bres and the concrete matrix. Rahul Dogra and Ankit (2016) his study result shows that the partial replacement of 10% silica flume with cement can giving most extreme conceivable compressive strength with polypropylene fiber.

   R. Karthi & Dr. P. Chandrasekaran (2014) Concluded that the Compressive strength of the silica fume concrete with polypropylene fibers has increased by 10.63%, then Conventional concrete.

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

   In the present research work cement has been partially replaced by Nano-Silica Liquid and Polypropylene Fiber in M40 Grade of concrete. The replacement levels are 0%, 5% and 10% by weight of cement. The properties investigated are workability, compressive strength, flexural strength. The specimens of standard cubes (150mm×150×mm×150mm), and standard beams (150mm×150mm×700mm) were cast from different mixes having different replacements levels of PPF and NS. The specimens were cured in water for required time.

3. MATERIAL & THEIR PROPERTIES

   1. CEMENT

      An OPC 43 grade Ultra Tech Cement was used in this study. The physical properties were found using respective IS codes. The properties are given in table below:-

      Table1: – Properties of Cement

      Property of cement	Results
      Normal Consistency	32 (%)
      Initial Setting Time	50
      Final Setting Time	250
      Specific gravity	3.11

   2. Fine Aggregate:-

      The sand used in this research work acquired from natural river passing through 4.75mm I.S. Sieve The properties of sand obtained using respective codes are given in table below. shown in Table-2

      Table: 2-Properties of Sand

      Property of Sand	Results
      Fineness Modulus	3.2
      Zone	II
      Water Absorption	1.2(%)
      Specific Gravity	2.67

   3. Coarse Aggregate:-

      In this research work locally available crushed aggregate of sizes 20mm and 10mm were used. The aggregates were tested and following results were obtained:- shown in Table 3

      Table: 3-Properties of Coarse aggregate

      Property of Aggregate	Results
      Specific Gravity	2.72
      Water Absorption	0.5%
      Bulk Dnsity	1585
      Fineness Modulus	2.55

   4. Nano-Silica Liquid-

      Nano-SiO2 has been found to improve concrete workability and strength, to increase resistance to water penetration, and to help control the leaching of calcium, which is closely associated with various types of concrete degradation. Nano-SiO2 was found to be more efficient in enhancing strength than silica fume. The raw material of polypropylene is derived from monomeric C3H6 which is purely hydrocarbon.

      Table: 4- Properties of Nano-Silica Liquid

      S. No.	Spcification	Valus
      1-	Spcific Gravity	2.20
      2-	Bulk Dnsity	40
      3-	Moisture (%)	<1.5
      4-	Loss on ignition	<1.5
      5-	Surface Area(m2/g)	200
      7-	PH value	3.8 4.3

   5. Polypropylene Fiber-

      Polypropylene Fiber is 100% synthetic fiber.It is formed by 85% of polypropylene It is a bi-produc of petroleum. Polypropylene fibers use in this research of 12 mm long and 18 micrometer in diameter size and Specific gravity is 0.91.

      Tabl:5- Propertis of Polypropylene Fiber

      S. No.	Spcification	Valus
      1-	Tenacity(gm/den)	3.5 to 5.5
      2-	Bulk Dnsity(g/cc)	0.91
      3-	Melting Point(0C)	170
      4-	Moisture regain(%)	0%
      5-	Elongation at break(%)	10 – 45
      6-	Softening Point(0C)	140
      7-	Thermal Conductivity	6.0

   6. Watr-

   Potabl watr availabl from natural sourcs fre from deletrious matrials was usd for mixing as wll as for curing of all the mixs trid in this invstigation.

4. MIX DESIGN

   The mix design was done using IS: 10262-2009 and IS: 456–2000.

   Mixs	Raw Matrials (kg/m³)
   	W/C Ratio	Cemnt	Sand	Aggregat	Nano-Silica Liquid(%)	Polypropylene Fiber(%)
   M1	0.42	463.5	530.27	1153.13	0	0
   M2	0.42	440.3	530.27	1153.13	5	0.5
   M3	0.42	417.15	530.27	1153.13	10	1

   The calculated proportion for 1m3 is given below:- Tabl-6 Mix Proportion for M 40 Concret

   1. Workability-

5. RESULTS

   The slump tst were conductd as per IS: 1199-1959 to determin the workability of frsh concret mix having differnt percentag of Polypropylene Fiber 0%, 0.5% 1% by volume of cement and Nano-Silica Liquid as 0%, 5%, 10% by weight of cement. During the whol resarch work the watr to cemnt ratio was kpt 0.42. From the research, it was concludd that adding Nano-Silica Liquid and Polypropyener Fiber in .he whol resarch work the watr to cemnt ratio was kpt 0.42. From the research, it was concludd that adding Nano-Silica Liquid and Polypropyener Fiber in concrete increass the workability in concret mix

   1. Compressiv Strngth-

      63 cub specimen of concrete were prepard incoperated with 0%, 5%, 10%, of Nano-Silica Liquid and 0%, 0.5%, 1% of Polypropylene Fiber of size 150x150x150 mm, cured and testd for 7, 14 and 28 days as per IS: 516-1959. The testing rsults were obtaind are shown in Tabl 7 and graphical representd shown in Figur 1. From the above tst rsults, it can be concludd that th. highst compressiv strngth was achievd by replacemnt 10% of Cement with 10% of Nano- Silica Liquid and 1% of Polypropylene Fiber in it and it is found out about 49.53 N/mm2 compard with 44.59N/mm2 for the control mix aftr 28 days of curing. This case study clearly shows that Compressive strength of the Nano-concrete with polypropylene fibers were increased by 11.6%.

      Table -7 Compressive Strength Test

      Mix	PPF (%)	NS (%)	W/C Ratio	Compressive Strength(N/mm2)
      				7 Days	14 Days	28 Days
      1	0	0	0.42	31.67	35.78	44.59
      2	0.50	5	0.42	32.94	37.22	46.12
      3	1.0	10	0.42	33.67	38.01	49.53

      50

      45

      40

      35

      30

      25

      20

      15

      10

      5

      0

      7 Days

      14 Days

      28 Days

      0% 5% 10%

      Fig 1. Compressive Strength Test

   2. Flexural Strength:-

      Standard beam of size 15cm x 15cm x 70cm were casted, cured, tested under one point loading to study the flexural strength of concrete is carried out as per 516:1959. Cubes were prepared, cured and tested for 7, 14 and 28 days.

      After curing the tst rsults were obtaind are shown in Tabl 8 and graphical representd shown in Figur 2. From the above tst rsults, it can be concludd that the flexural strngth of concret with 10% replacemnt of cement with Nano-Silica Liquid and Polypropylene Fiber elevates the strength of concrete mix. Highst compressiv strngth was achievd by replacemnt 10% of Cement by 10% of Nano-Silica Liquid and 1% of Polypropylene Fiber in it and it is found that strength about 5.8 N/mm2 as compard to 4.96 N/mm2 for the control mix aftr 28 days of curing. This case study clearly shows that Flexural strength of the Nano-concrete with polypropylene fibers were increased by 16.4%.

      Table-8 Flexural Strength Of Concrete

      • Trial of concrete mix should be done with Copper Slag.

        Mix	PPF (%)	NS (%)	W/C Ratio	Flexural Strength(N/mm2)
        				7 Days	14 Days	28 Days
        1	0	0	0.42	3.92	4.26	4.96
        2	0.50	5	0.42	4.75	5.12	5.58
        3	1.0	10	0.42	4.89	5.2	5.8

      • More efforts can be done on analysing the flexural behaviour of Nano-Concrete.

      • Trial of concrete mix should be done with seawater.

      • Better admixture should be searched in order to enhance the strength.

   7

   6

   5

   4

   3

   2

   1

   0

   7 Days

   14 Days

   28 Days

   0% 5% 10%

   Fig 2- Flexural Strength Test

6. CONCLUSION

   • This case study clearly shows that Compressive strength of the Nano-concrete incoperated with polypropylene fibers were increased by 11.6% and the flexural strength also increased by 16.4% as compared to Conventional Concrete.

   • Maximum Substitution of Polypropylene Fiber is 1% and Nano-Silica Liquid is 10% in order to Maximise the strength.

   • The deflection limit of concrete can be elevate by addition of polypropylene fibers (PPF) and also enhance the material ductility.

   • Addition of polypropylene fiber improves the tension stiffening effect and also elevate the bond stress in concrete.

   • Flow characteristics are reduce by adding of polypropylene fibers in concrete mix and it also diminishes segregation and bleeding in the concrete blends.

   • At 28 days the compressive strength of concrete increases. The strength decreases when we add beyond 10% of Nano- Silica Liquid

7. FUTURE WORK

   From the experimntal study it is clar indicatd that using Nano-silica liquid and Polypropylene Fiber in concret elevates the strngth parameters. Following parameters will be study in future work-

   • Study should be done in proportion zone i.e how much cement can be replaced by adding Nano-Silica Liquid and Polypropylene.

   • More efforts can be done on analysing the flexural behaviour of Nano-Concrete.

8. REFERENCES

1. Sobolev, k., (2004). The development of a new method for proportioning of high performance concrete mixtures. Cement and Concrete Composites, 26 (2004) Pp 901-907.

2. Ajay, V., Chandak, R., and Yadav, R.K., . Effect of micro silica on the strength of concrete with ordinary Portland cement Research journal of Engineering Science ISSN 2278-9472 vol.1 (3), 1-4, sept (2012).

3. Hootan.R.D., (1993). Influence of silica fume replacement of cement on physical properties and resistance to sulphate attack, freezing and thawing, and alkali-silica reactivity. ACI Materials Journal, 90 (2) Pp 143-152.

4. Rao, G.A., (2003).Investigations on the performance of silica fume incorporated cement pastes and mortars. Cement and Concrete journal, 33(11). Pp 1765-1770.

5. Alshamsi, A.M., Sabouni, A.R., Bushlaibi, A.H., (1993). Influence of set retarding super plasticizers and micro silica on setting time of pastes at various temperatures. Cement Concrete journal Res. 23(3). Pp 592-598

6. Khayat, K.H., Aitcin, P.C., (1993). Silica fume: a unique supplementary cementitious material. In: Ghosh, S.N. (ed.) Mineral Admixtures in Cement and Concrete, vol. 4. Pp 227-265.

7. Cohen, M. D., Bentur, A., (1988). Durability of Portland silica fume pastes in magnesium and sodium sulphate solutions. ACI Materials Journal. 85(3). Pp 148-157.

8. Kumar, D., and Roy, S., Effect of Partial Replacement of Cement by Silica Fume on Hardened Concrete. International journal of engineering Technology and Advanced Engineering (ISSN 2250-2459, volume 2, issue 8, August 2012)

9. IS 456-Part 4-2000, "Indian Standard Code of Practice for plain and reinforced concrete .BIS, New Delhi.

10. IS: 383-Part-2-1970,Indian standard specification for coarse and Fine aggregates from natural source for concrete. BIS, New Delhi

11. IS 2386-1963, "Indian Standard Methods of tests for aggregate BIS, New Delhi.

12. IS: 10262-1982, Recommended guidelines for concrete mix design, BIS, New Delhi.

13. IS: 4031-PART 5-1988, Methods of Physical Test for Hydraulic Cement. BIS, New Delhi.

14. IS: 516-1959, Methods of test for strength of concrete.

15. ASTM C496. Standard method for determination of splitting tensile strength of concrete cylinders.

16. IS: 4031-Part 11-1988, Methods of Physical Tests for Hydraulic Cement. BIS, New Delhi.

17. Bentur, A., Mindess S., and Skalny, J.,1989, Reinforcement of normal and high strength concrete with fibrillated polypropylene, fiber reinforced cements and concretes recent developments edited by R.N.Swamy, ISBN 1-18166-415- 7,pp.229-239.

18. Priti A. Patel, Dr. Atul K. Desai., and Dr. Jatin A. Desai, Evaluation of Engineering Properties for Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology,3(1), January-March 2012, pp. 42-45.

19. Neel Shah, Prof. A.R. Darji To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blended Fiber Reinforced Concrete IJSRD – International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 2, Issue 09, 2014.