DOI : 10.17577/IJERTV12IS040123
- Open Access
- Authors : Manish Kumawat , Manish Kumar Gangey , Juhi Tahiliani , Mayank Ratnakar, Tarun Naruka
- Paper ID : IJERTV12IS040123
- Volume & Issue : Volume 12, Issue 04 (April 2023)
- Published (First Online): 24-04-2023
- ISSN (Online) : 2278-0181
- Publisher Name : IJERT
- License:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Automatic Solar Grass Cutter with fire Sensor and Obstacle Detector
Tarun Naruka
Department of Electrical Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan
Jaipur, India
Manish Kumawat
Department of Electrical Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan
Jaipur, India
Juhi Tahiliani
Department of Electrical Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan
Jaipur, India
Mayank Ratnakar
Department of Electrical Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan
Jaipur, India
Manish Kumar Gangey
Department of Electrical Engineering
Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan Jaipur, India
AbstractThis study presents a solar-powered, remote monitoring and control system for an autonomous lawn mower. The system consists of an L29 3D module, an Arduino microcontroller, an ultrasonic sensor, an alarm, a fire sensor, an RF sensor, a water pump, a solar panel, and two batteries linked in series. A 7805 voltage regulator IC, an RF transmitter module, a microcontroller-based encoder IC, and a microcontroller-based decoder IC are also included. The system is designed to recognize impediments and change its trajectory appropriately, detect fire, transmit an alert signal to a remote location, and turn on the water pump remotely. The system aims to improve the efficiency, safety, and environmental performance of the lawn mower. The solar panel supplies electricity to the system's batteries. Through an IC that is based on a microcontroller and an RF transmitter module, the alarm signal and other data are transmitted to the distant site. The signal from the remote site is received by the RF sensor and the microcontroller-based decoder IC, which then activates the water pump. Obstacles that the ultrasonic sensor picks up cause the machine's route to change. The machine's motion is controlled by the L29 3D module. The system's controller, an Arduino microcontroller, is designed to run autonomously.
Index Terms: Automatic solar grass cutting machine, fire sensor, obstacle detector, solar power, lawn maintenance, safety.
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INTRODUCTION
The idea of solar-powered devices has become more and more popular in recent years as a result of the growing demand for environmentally friendly and sustainable technologies. Machines powered by solar energy not only leave a smaller carbon imprint but also ultimately spend less money on electricity. One such device is the solar lawn cutter, which utilizes solar energy as its power source to cut grass in a particular region. But, it is more effective and secure now by adding a fire sensor and an obstacle detector in the system.
Overview of Solar Grass Cutter:
A solar grass cutter is a tool that uses solar energy to power the blades that cut the grass. It is made consisting of a cutting blade, an electric motor, a battery, and a frame that holds the gadget. Sunlight is received by the solar panel, which then transforms it into electrical energy that is stored in the battery. The cutting blade is installed on the frame and is driven by the electric motor, which is subsequently powered by the battery.
Merits of Solar-Powered Machines: The use of solar-powered machines has many benefits, including:
1.) Cost-Effective: Since solar-powered devices doesn't need expensive fuel or electricity, it is more affordable over time. The machine can be operated for years after the initial investment is made without incurring any further expenses.
2.)Environmentally Friendly: As solar-powered devices don't release any dangerous gases or pollutants, they are considered to be environmentally friendly. Their use of renewable energy lessens their carbon footprint.
3.)Minimal Maintenance: Because solar-powered equipment have so few moving components, they require extremely little maintenance. They are hence less prone to malfunction or need maintenance.
Obstacle Detection System:
The solar grass cutter is not complete without an obstacle detection system. It is built to recognise obstructions in its path and avoid collisions. On the front and back of the device are sensors that are part of the system. To identify impediments and communicate with the controller, the sensors employ infrared technology. After processing the signals, the controller either stops the machine or directs it in a different path to avoid the obstruction.
Fire Sensor:
A fire sensor has been added to the solar lawn cutter, which is a huge improvement. Any indication of a fire in the immediate vicinity, such as flames, will be picked up by the sensor. The gadget will send out an alert signal to warn the user if a fire is found.
Arduino Nano:
Arduino can be used in a solar-powered grass cutter as a controller to control the movement of the cutter, charge its battery, and monitor the solar panel. The motor that drives the blade of the grass cutter can be controlled by Arduino using motor drivers and sensors that detect obstacles or changes in the environment. The battery can be charged using a solar panel, but Arduino can be used to monitor the voltage of the battery and control the charging process to prevent overcharging or undercharging. The solar panel can also be monitored using sensors connected to the analog input pins of Arduino to ensure that it is generating enough electricity to charge the battery efficiently. Overall, Arduino can improve the efficiency, safety, and reliability of a solar-powered grass cutter.
Advantages of Solar Grass Cutter with Fire Sensor and Obstacle Detector:
1.) Safety: The installation of a fire sensor and an obstacle detector ensures the user's and the surrounding environment's safety. The obstacle detector prevents collisions with objects and people, while the fire sensor detects and notifies the user to any symptoms of fire.
2.)Efficiency: The obstacle detector improves machine efficiency by ensuring that the gadget runs smoothly and without interruptions.
3.) Lower Carbon Footprint: The device used solar power which lowers carbon footprint and helps to minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
4.) Minimal Maintenance: Because it has few moving components, the device requires very little maintenance, making it simple to operate and maintain.
5.) Economical: The device is economical in the long term because it does not require any fuel or power, which might be costly.
Solar Grass Cutter with Fire Sensor and Obstacle Detection Applications:
The solar grass cutter with fire sensor and obstacle detector can be used for a variety of tasks, including:
1.) Lawn Maintenance: The gadget can be used to keep lawns and gardens in homes, schools, and parks in good condition. 2.) Agricultural Applications: The gadget can be used in agricultural fields to sustain crops.
3.) Industrial Applications: The device can be used in enterprises to keep the grass in big outdoor spaces, such as factories or warehouses, looking good.
Short description of further sections:
Section II: problem statement: Traditional methods of grass cutting in gardens, parks, and fields involve the use of gas or electric-powered mowers that consume non-renewable resources this problem is can be removed by using solar powered grass cutter.
Section III: Methodology: Within the methodology, we can see the definition of the issue and the literature review, component selection, design and prototyping, control system deelopment and testing and validation.
Section IV: Result: Solar-powered grass cutters are a sustainable and economical substitute for conventional lawn mowers that run on gasoline. These mowers operate by harnessing solar power to drive their cutting edges, thereby decreasing the reliance on non-renewable energy sources and mitigating the discharge of greenhouse gases.
Section V: Conclusion: In the conclusion of this research, the development and design of a remote monitoring and control system powered by solar energy for an autonomous grass- cutting machine is presented.
Section VI: Acknowledgement: Acknowledgements are a way to express gratitude and appreciation towards individuals or organizations who have contributed to a project or endeavour.
Section VII: Future scope: The future scope of solar grass cutter is promising due to its eco-friendliness and cost- effectiveness in maintaining lawns and green spaces.
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PROBLEM STATEMENT
Traditional grass-cutting machines may be hazardous to use because they lack safety measures with no obstacle detecting capabilities. Traditional grass-cutting equipment also uses fossil fuels, making it unfriendly to the environment. By remotely controlling the water pump, detecting fire, and identifying and avoiding obstructions, this project intends to design and create a solar-powered, remote monitoring and control system for an autonomous grass-cutting machine that tackles these challenges.
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METHODOLOGY
The autonomous solar grass-cutting device with built-in fire detection technology underwent methodical design and development. The phases of the approach employed in this study are as follows:
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Definition of the issue and literature review
The initial phase in the development process was to describe the issue and examine the current state of the art for automatic lawn cutters and fire detection systems. In order to build a solution that satisfies the system's requirements, this step assisted in identifying the constraints and requirements of the system.
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Component selection
The following step was to choose the components that will be employed in the system. In particular, a solar panel, an ultrasonic sensor, an infrared sensor, and a robotic arm were chosen. Efficiency, cost, and reliability were all taken into account when making the decision.
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Design and Prototyping
A 3D modelling programme was used to develop the machine's design. After the design was finished, a machine prototype was constructed and put to the test in a safe setting. The system's functionality was tested using the prototype, and any necessary design modifications were made.
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Control System Development
A microcontroller was used to create the control system. The robotic arm's movement, the operation of the ultrasonic and infrared sensors, and the connection between the sensors and the microcontroller are all under the control of the control system.
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Testing and Validation
Testing and validating the system in a controlled setting was the last stage of development. The device was put through tests to see how well it could cut grass and how precisely it could spot flames. The system's performance was assessed using the test results, which were also utilized to make any necessary improvements.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure.1. Block diagram
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Figure.2. Circuit diagram
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RESULT
Solar grass cutters are environmentally friendly and cost- effective alternatives to traditional gas-powered lawn mowers. They use solar energy to power their cutting blades, reducing the need for fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
Adding a fire sensor and obstacle detector to a solar grass cutter can improve its safety and efficiency. The fire sensor can detect potential fire hazards, such as dry grass, and alert the operator or automatically shut off the machine to prevent a fire. The obstacle detector can detect objects in the path of the grass cutter and help avoid collisions, reducing the risk of damage to the machine or injury to the operator.
Figure.3. Top view of solar grass cutter
Figure.4. Side view of solar grass cutter
The result of implementing these features in a solar grass cutter can be a safer and more efficient machine that helps protect the environment and the operator. However, the performance of the machine may depend on the specific design and implementation of the fire sensor and obstacle detector, as well as the overall quality of the solar grass cutter.
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CONCLUSION
The design and development of an autonomous grass- cutting machine's remote monitoring and control system using solar energy is shown in this research's conclusion. The system includes an antenna, an alarm, a fire sensor, an RF sensor, a water pump, a solar panel, two batteries connected in series, an L29 3D module, an Arduino microcontroller, and an ultrasonic sensor. It also includes a microcontroller-based transmitter encoder IC, a 7805 voltage regulator IC, an RF transmitter module, and a microcontroller-based decoder IC.When compared to conventional grass-cutting equipment, these parts work together to offer improved safety, efficiency, and environmental friendliness. It is safer to operate the system because it is built to remotely activate the water pump, detect fire, and identify and avoid obstacles. Additionally, the system is more environmentally friendly because it uses solar energy rather than fossil fuels. By solving the shortcomings of conventional machines, the system has the potential to revolutionize the field of grass-cutting machinery. To improve the performance of the suggested system, more research can be done to integrate additional sensors or create more sophisticated control systems.
The combination of the fire sensor and obstacle detector would make the solar grass cutter a more versatile tool for maintaining large areas of grassland. It would be able to detect and avoid obstacles, reducing the risk of damage to the device and potential safety hazards.
Merits of Solar-Powered Machines:
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Renewable Energy Source: Solar power is a renewable energy source that does not emit harmful pollutants into the atmosphere. This means that solar- powered machines can help reduce the carbon footprint and contribute to a cleaner environment.
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Low Operating Costs: Solar energy is free once the initial investment in equipment is made. This means that the cost of operating solar-powered machines is significantly lower than that of machines powered by fossil fuels or electricity.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to extend our sincere gratitude to Mr. Tarun Naruka, our guide, who provided us with valuable guidance and support throughout the course of our project. We would also like to thank Mr. Ramesh Kumar Pachar , our principal, for providing us with the necessary resources and facilities to successfully complete our project. Lastly, we would like to acknowledge Mr. Ankit Vijayvargiya, our project in charge, for his unwavering support and encouragement. Their support and belief in our capabilities have been instrumental in the successful completion of our project. We would also like to thank all those who have directly or indirectly contributed to the completion of our project.
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FUTURE SCOPE
The future scope of solar grass cutters with fire sensors and obstacle detectors is promising. As technology continues to improve, we can expect to see more advanced features in these machines. For example, future models may use artificial intelligence (AI) to detect and respond to fire and obstacle risks automatically. AI could also be used to optimize the cutting path of the grass cutter, reducing the need for manual intervention and increasing efficiency.
Another area of future development for solar grass cutters is in the use of advanced materials. For example, future models may incorporate lightweight and durable materials that can withstand rough terrain and reduce the risk of damage to the machine. Additionally, the use of smart materials could help improve the efficiency of the grass cutter by reducing friction and wear on the blades.
The future scope of solar grass cutters with fire sensors and obstacle detectors also includes the potential for remote monitoring and control. This would allow users to monitor the performance of the machine and make adjustments from a remote location. Remote monitoring and control could also allow for predictive maintenance, reducing downtime and increasing the lifespan of the grass cutter.
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REFERENCES