Dairy Waste Water Treatment by using Natural Coagulants

Dairy Waste Water Treatment by using Natural Coagulants

Namrata S Naragundakar

Department of Civil Engineering, Jain Institute of Technology, Davanagere.

Naghma N Padmavathi V

Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering,

Jain Institute of Technology, Davanagere. Jain Institute of Technology, Davanagere.

Mohan Naik B Basanth Kumar U

Department of Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering

Jain Institute of Technology, Davanagere .Jain Institute of Technology, Davanagere.

Abstract The dairy industry uses massive amounts of water to process raw milk for dairy products and generates roughly 3L of waste water per 1L of processed milk. The waste water discharge from this dairy industry contains a high concentration of organic material such as fats, carbohydrates, grease, protein, etc. Due to pollutants available in dairy waste water, if it is not properly treated then it may cause serious environmental issues.The present study focuses to treat Dairy Waste water with environment friendly natural coagulants like Moringa Oleifera, Neem leaves, Saw dust, Custard Apple seeds are in powdered form resulting an effective natural agent that is modification for highly turbid and untreated pathogenic water. Various doses of natural coagulants are evaluated for the efficiency of dairy wastewater treatment.On comparison various parameters like of TDS, chloride, pH, turbidity obtained for each coagulant. It was observed that moringa Oleifera seed powder showed best results with effect of pH varies as 9.08 4.42, TDS varies from 5.02 4.38 ppm, turbidity varies from 162 44.6 NTU are experimental found out with the extension.By varing dosage of coagulant that is Moringa oleifera seeds is recommended as eco friendly non toxic coagulant for dairy waste water treatment.

1.INTRODUCTION

Water is key substance for natural and human activities.Water is tasteless, odorless and nearly colorless chemical substance which is the main constituent of earths streams, lakes and oceans. Which are used for drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, water recreation for many other uses including being safety returned to environment. Dairy market volume world wide USD 489.74 billion.Global 0cow milk production volume per year 600 million metric tonnes.With 60% of the world population,Asia accounts for only 22% of global milk production. The total world production is more than 530million tonnes for a population of about 400billion amounts to an average annual per capita availability of 100Kg.

India is rank 1st in milk manufacturing contribution 23 in step with cent of world milk manufacturing. Milk manufacturing withinside the us of a has evolved at a

composite annal boom charge of approximately 6.2 percentage attain 209.ninety six million tonnes in 2020-21 from 146.31 million tonnes in 2014-15. However, over 3% near five million tonnes of milk get wasted because of unreliable power supply.

Karnataka daily produces of an estimated milk of 1.6 crore liters of milk, of which about 1.2 crore liters is marketable supply.KMF procures about 80 lakh liters, which translates to almost 70% of the milk produced. Before the introduction of the incentive scheme, KMF procured roughly 50% of the milk products in the state such as ice-cream, peda, ghee, butter, and so on. With the lock down in place, barring ghee and butter, there is no market for the rest of its bouquet of products, resulting in stocking up of unconverted milk. At present, 13484 dairy co-operative societies are functioning, with in the limit of 14 district milk federations, 23.78 lakh formers are enrolled as members, out of which 8.37 lakh formers are active members. The first of the dairy cooperative that make up KMF started in1955 in kudige, Kodagu district. KMF was founded in 1974 has Karnataka dairy development co-operation (KDDC) to implement a dairy development project run by the World Bank.

2.OBJECTIVES

To study the characteristics of dairy waste water.

1. Preparation of natural coagulants like Moringa Oleifera seeds, Custard Apple, Neem Leaves, Saw Dust into powder form.

2. Using different dosage of natural coagulants for dairy waste water treatment for removal of pH, turbidity, Chloride, TDS test.

3. Determination of optimum dosage of coagulants.

4. To check the suitability of treated water for irrigation and used for other purposes.

   1. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

      Dairy waste water collected from the Bhati dairy industry in Davanagere. The physio – chemical characteristics of samples were analyzed. Samples of dairy effluent were collected in clean containers of 5

      liters of capacity and precautions will be taken for collection of wastewater. We collected the effluent from a wastewater collection tank in dairy industry.

      1. MATERIALS USED

         1. Moringaoleifera

            Fig 1: Moringa Oleifera seeds to powder form

            Moringa oleifera serves has vegetable, functional food, and medicinal plant due to its rich nutritional composition and diverse pharmacological activities.Moringa Oleifera works as a coagulant due to positively charged, water soluble proteins, which attaractes negatively charged particles (slit, clay, bacteria, toxin etc) resulting in flocs to settle to the bottom or be removed by filtration. Thus its plays an effective as coagulant in waste water treatment.

         2. Neem leaves powder

            Fig 2: Neem leaves to powder form

            Neem leaf powder(Azadirachta indica) has proven excessive performance withinside the elimination of heavy steel ions from dairy wastewater. The research on its adsorptive ability make it appropriate for use as bio absorbent to lower the strains of oil from produced water.

         3. Saw dust

            Fig 3:Saw mill wood to powder form

            Sawdust, exceedingly plentiful and high-priced fabric and it's miles presently investigated as an adsorbent to take away contaminants from dairy water. Chemical materials consists of oil, dyes, toxics salts and heavy metals those are eliminated from very correctly with natural materials.

         4. Custard apple

            Fig 4:Custard apple seeds to powder form

            Custard apple (Annona Reticulata tree) is an evergreen plant which is largely offered and cultivated in India. The tree plays a role of natural air purifier. Each part of the tree have been reported to possess a variety of medicinal and germicidal properties. In the current work finely ground custard apple seed powder (CASP) was used as an adsorbent.

         5. Dairy waste water

      Fig 5: Source of collection of dairy waste water

      The above figure indicates the source of dairy waste water used for the project,bhati dairy industry. Bhati dairy industry is located on Karnataka SH- 76 Dodda Bhati Davangere district .In this industry the land area is 25.35 acres its capacity is 0.60 Lakh LPD and MSL 602.5m .The main branch is in SHIMOGA MILK UNION

      Test Conducted For Dairy Wastewater Samples:

      1. pH Test

      2. Total dissolved solid

      3. Turbidity

      4. Chloride test

      Grapp: Turbidity reduction by different doses for different coagulantes

      JAR TEST CONDUCTION

   2. OBSERVATION AND RESULTS

The dealt with dairy water turned into configure for diverse parameters consisting of pH, Turbidity,Chloride, Total dissolved solids. Asper IS 10500,2012, the permissible restriction of pH for ingesting purposeis6.five to 8.five,and as in step with IS 2292,1992for irrigation reason i five.five to 9.0.Below desk represents the parameters of dealt with dairy water quality.

4.3 TDS Test

Dosage in gm/ml	Moringa oleifera	Neem leaves	Saw dust	Custard apple
2	4.36	4.58	4.96	5.47
4	4.42	4.57	5.29	5.86
6	4.29	4.2	4.72	5.39
8	4.58	4.28	4.66	5.05
10	4.38	4.66	4.90	5.08

Table 3: Change in TDS value

1. pH TEST

   Dosage in gm/ml	Moringa oleifera	Neem leaves	Saw dust	Custard apple
   2	5.08	5.02	8.24	7.68
   4	4.88	4.87	8.12	7.35
   6	4.65	4.81	8.08	7.06
   8	4.58	4.16	8.06	6.95
   10	4.42	4.78	8.0	6.80

   Table 1: Change in pH value

   Grapp: TDS reduction by different doses for different coagulantes

   Table4Standard values of water

   Grapp: pH reduction by different doses for different coagulantes

2. Turbidity Test

Table 2: Change in Turbidity values

Dosage in gm/ml	Moringa oleifera	Neem leaves	Saw dust	Custard apple
2	112.16	64.5	49.8	45.8
4	115.5	78.4	30.0	57
6	101.1	28.3	19.3	69
8	88.1	14.7	16.3	66.5
10	44.6	29.8	16.5	72

CONCLUSION:

The dairy industry is one of the important industry.But the waste water generated within dairy industries is proven to have the problems like turbidity,oil and organic content so it is very important to treat dairy waste water to prevent hazardous on environment and human health.This project we used on economicalway to treatment to treat dairy waste is by using natural materials such as Moringa Oleifera,Neem Leaves,Saw Dust, Custard Apple.So we carried out the treatment process by varying dosages as well as coagulants on comparison with the performance of each coagulant in removal of effluent is studied.Moringa Oleifera showed better coagulation and turbidity removal for dairy waste water. Effect of pH varies as 9.08 4.42, TDS varies from 5.02 4.38ppm, turbidity varies from 162 44.6 NTU are experimental found out with the extension of current study. Since we collected the dairy wastewater in a very small quantity from a dairy: we suggest that, by using Moringa oleifera as a coagulant instead of commercial alum, for treatment process, we can restrict the treatment expenses in a significant scale.

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