Design Chaotic Security Communication System based on FPGA Technology

Design Chaotic Security Communication System based on FPGA Technology

Hoang Vu Tran1, Van Tho Nguyen2, Thi Bich Hanh Nguyen3

1The University of Danang – University of Technology and Education, Vietnam;

2,3Duy Tan University;

Abstract- Chaotic phenomenon have been researching and applications in various fields such as biology, physics, chemistry… With many advantages such as difficult to decipher, simple hardware, easily select band; so far there have been many studies and technical applications chaos in information security, signal modulation … This paper introduces a communication system using chaos technique, in which the information is added to chaotic signal before sending on the channel. At the receiver, it will synchronize signals and reducing travel chaos to retrieve the information. Because the characteristics of chaotic signals for an eavesdropper would like noise, this solution enhances the security of the system. We have also designed and implemented the FPGA-based communication technology that has been evaluated.

Keywords- Chaotic; FPGA; Embedded computer; Security

1. INTRODUCTION

   Chaotic phenomenon has been known since the late 19th century. Poincare was the first scientist whose observed and made important announcement regarding the status of chaos in nonlinear dynamic systems (Nonlinear Dynamical system) [1]. The publication pointed out that an important feature is the sensitive dependence of chaotic state in the initial condition. In the early 20th century, chaos in electronic circuits was detected specifical

   ly in the oscillator to create the carrier of the radio communication system. At that point, chaos is considered a special status should be avoided during circuit design.

   In 1963, Lorenz was analyzed the convection of the atmosphere using third-order nonlinear model [2], this analysis indicates that the parameters is defined setting of system stability is not a balance point, and nor is the status that cycle, this time the output signal of the system will diverge and will become not correlated only with very small differences of initial conditions. Is motivated by these results, the chaos status was extended researching in technical subjects as biology, chemistry, physics … [1] [3] [4]

   In the early 1990s, scientists began exploiting nonlinear dynamic and chaos characteristic and for specific applications. In signal processing, chaotic signal and noise

   In recent years, the researching of information technology have being developed rapidly. In this information security system applicatons chaos technique, based on the characteristics of sensitive dependence of chaotic status in initial conditions [12][13][14]. The solution modulation/ demodulation technique based on chaos has also been proposed [14] [15] [16] [17].

   In this paper, we introduced a communication system based on chaos technique . In this system, the message is mixed with chaotic signals before being posted to the channel. At the receiver, it will take action signals the chaos and reducing it from the received signal to recover the original information. In addition, we also proposed a chaos synchronization algorithm with reliable precision. The Runge-Kutta simulation method to prove the correctness of this solution.

   This paper has been organized as follows. In section 2, we describe the security communication system and the problems of current synchronization methods when applying this model. In section 3, we propose a chaos synchronization method using sliding mode controller and analysis of the advantages of our method. Its application to secure-based communication and simulation results are show in section 4. Finally, discussion and conclusion are given in Section 5.

2. MODEL SYSTEM AND SINALS

   A. Mode system

   Figuge 1. Chaos-based Secure Communication System Model

   The model of Chaos-based Secure Communication Systems is shown in figuge 1. In this model, the original message m (t) will be added to the chaotic signal x(t) before being taken up channels. Thus the signal on the channel will be:

   with the same frequency band can be isolated using optimization techniques optimized to reduce noise[5] [6], the

   s(t) m(t) x (t)

   (1)

   1

   1

   2

   2

   use of chaos in signal compression also have been researched [7], chaos control technique also have born [8] [9] [10]. A researching by Pecora and Carroll proved that two chaotic systems have the same set of parameter values can synchronized with each other [11]. This result has important implications for the promotion of chaos applied researching

   At the reciever, it have been fully the parameters of chaotic

   signals, it will conduct synchronized chaotic signal receiver to the transmitter side to get mixed signals in the receiver. Once synced, the system will take the received signal s (t) minus the chaotic signals have been synchronized to restore the original message.

   into information technology.

   m' (t) s(t) x (t) m(t)

   (2)

   This solution enhanced the security features of the system because the message has been mixed in the chaotic signal to noise characteristics as close to an eavesdropper. Suppose that, if there are objects stolen receiver signal s (t) on the channel. Because the characteristics of chaotic signal x1 (t) is no cyclical movement should have characteristics similar to fake noise [2]. An eavesdropper do not have to be tapped by the parameters of the chaotic signal will hardly have the ability to decode the information, which helps the system has high security [12].

   However, no cycle characteristics of chaotic signals also cause enormous difficulties in the synchronization signal between the receiver and tranmitter. Therefore, the system can only be viable if solving the problem of synchronized chaotic the system. In this paper, we propose a method of chaos synchronization with satisfactory precision to ensure the the feasibility of the system model.

   1. Chaotic Signals

      Consider the Lorenz dynamic continuous 3D system is shown by the following difference equation:

      dx ( y x) dt

      dy

      Although, the Lorenz system is no cyclical movement but it is not a random process. Lorenz chaotic system is a defined system, it is expressed by the equation system with specific parameters, no statistical parameters. We can identify the system at any time t.

      Figure 3: Variable over time of Lorenz chaotic system with the initial conditions are very small differences (-

      x(r z) y

      dt

      (3)

      1,3,4) and (-1.001,3,4) và

      dz xy bz dt

      Where x, y, z is the state variables; , r, b is the system parameters. With the parameter = 10, r = 28, b = 8/3, Lorenz system into a state of chaotic activity.

      In the next section, we will present a chaotic synchronization method that can allow for increasing the power of the embedded information signal without affecting the synchronization process.

3. SYSCHRONIZATION

   1. Describe the method

      Consider the Lorenz system includes 1master system and 1 response system are described respectively as follows:

      dx

      1 ( y x )

      dt 1 1

      dy

      (4)

      1 rx y x z

      dt 1 1 1 1

      dz

      1 x y bz

      Figure 2: The orbit of the phase on the Lorenz chaotic system

      dt

      dx2

      1 1 1

      ( y x ) u

      Figure 2 shows the orbit of the phase on the Lorenz chaotic dt

      system above. In this figure, we can see clearly that dy

      2 2 1

      (5)

      movement system doe not cycle, as the time approaches

      2 rx y

      • x z u

        infinity, the line express in phase space do not go to any fixed dt

        point or periodic orbit. Besides, this orbit is always remain in dz

        2 2 2 2 2

        a defined domain of phase space and never move out of this area.

        Figure 3 shows the components x, y, z of the system with the initial conditions are very small differences (1, 3, 4) and (-1.001, 3, 4). We notice that the system is very sensitive to initial conditions, the trail comes from the initial conditions is different very small (nearly 0) will split very quickly create entirely different orbit.

        2 x y bz u dt 2 2 2 3

        In that ui (i = 1,2,3) are control laws that should be identified to ensure the response system synchronized with master system.

        Error between two chaotic systems are defined:

        e1 x2 x1 e2 y2 y1 e3 z2 z1

        (6)

        The simulation results in Figure 4 shows the response system will synchronize with master system after about 1 seconds, in which x component will sync after about 0.3s (Figure 4.a) and 99.91% accuracy.

        Accuracy also be simulated by the formula

        Take the derivative 2 side of the equation (4) we have system

        error Differential equations as follows:

        1 N 2

        N x1i x2i

        de1 (e

      • e ) u

      F 1

      i1

      N

      x100

      dt 2 1 1

      1 (x1 )2

      i

      i

      de

      N i1

      2 e2 x2 zz x1z1 u2 dt

      (7)

      where N is the number of samples.

      de3 re x y x y u

      dt 1 2 2 1 1 3

      The task of the control law is to ensure the synchronization between the master system (4) and the response system (5) so that errors (6) towards 0.

      Select Control Act:

      u1 e2

      u2 be1 x2 z2 x1z1 u3 x2 y2 x1 y1

      Get equations (7) minus (8) we have:

      de1 e

      (8)

      dt 1

      de2 e

      (9)

      dt 2

      Figure 4.a) Chaos synchronization for all states.

      b) Estimated for all state

      de3 re

      dt 3

4. DESIGN CHAOTIC SECURITY COMMUNICATION

   Equations (9) has a solution e

   e t ;e

   et ;e

   ert

   SYTEM BASE ON FPGA TECHNOLOGY

   1 2 3

   When t towards , the e1, e2, e3 toward 0

   Select the Lyapunov function to ensure the stability of the Lorenz chaotic system

   V (e) 1 (e2 e2 e2 ) (10)

   2 1 2 3

   Take the derivative 2sides of the equation (8) we have:

   Next, we apply this synchronization method to the security communication model described above. In Fig 5, the source signal is the binary bit that is go into the BPSK modulator before being embedded in the chaotic signal. It is then tranmited to the channel. At the receiver, it sync and removal chaotic signals. Then, it is go into the BPSK demodulator to recover binary information.

   dV (e) e de1 e

   de2 e de3

   (11)

   dt 1 dt

   2 dt 3 dt

   Substitution (7) to (9) we have:

   dV (e) ae2 e2 re2

   dt 1 2 3

   (12)

   We found that V(e) is a positive function in R3 and V '(e) is a negative function in R3, ie stable system at equilibrium point (0,0,0), according to Lyapunov stable theory [13 ], we may conclude control law in equation (8) will ensure stability for Lorenz chaotic system

   1. Analysy and simulation.

   For testing, we conducted simulating synchronous control law above by the Runge-Kutta method with parameters = 10, r = 28, b = 8/3 and the initial conditions for the master system was x1(0)=1; y1(0)=3; z1(0)=4, the initial condition for response system was x2(0)=12; y2(0)=13; z2(0)=-26.

   Figure 5. Comunication system model

   Figure 6. a. Tranmiter schematic b. Receiver schematic

   Figure 7. Real test model

   accuracy to provide the ability to recover the original signal correctly. We have also designed an FPGA-based communication system to prove the feasibility of the system With characteristics as difficult to decipher, simple hardware and easily select the frequency [18], the chaotic information system entirely capable of practical application.

   ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

   "This research is funded by Funds for Science and Technology Development of the University of Danang under grant number B2017-N06-09"

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       Figure 8 . Measurement results on oscilloscope

       Transmitters and receivers are designed and implemented based on FPGA technology. Figure 6.a is the transmitter block diagram, Figure 6.b is the receiver block diagram. We used an FPGA-embedded computer [19] that we designed to implement the test. Figure 7 is the actual image deployed

       The test results are shown in Figure 8. The measurement results on osciloscope show that the receiver has been decoded correctly.

5. CONCLUSIONS

In this paper introduced and demonstrated the feasibility of information systems applications chaos technology to strengthen security capabilities. We also presented a chaotic synchronization method with satisfactory

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