Design & Structural Analysis of Single Throw Crankshaft

Design & Structural Analysis of Single Throw Crankshaft

Gayathri Devi P

PG Scholar, Mechanical Engineering, Siddharth Institute of Engineering & Technology

Puttur-517583, INDIA

S. Suresh

Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Siddharth Institute of Engineering & Technology, Puttur-517583, INDIA

Abstract -In this paper aim of the project deals with the analysis of a Single-throw crankshaft, Theoretical Design is Done & modeled in PRO/E and analyzed using CAE software ANSYS. The analysis is carried out in one stage, Static analysis, and the results of the finite element analysis.

Keywords Single Throw Crankshaft, PRO/E, Von-misses- Stress, Strain & Deformation.

1. INTRODUCTION

   Crankshaft is the part of an internal combustion engine which translates reciprocating linear piston motion into rotation. To convert the reciprocating motion into rotation, the crankshaft has "crank throws" or "crankpins", additional bearing surfaces whose axis is offset from that of the crank, to which the "big ends" of the connecting rods from each cylinder attach. The arrangements of throws determine the firing order of the engine.

   S.NO	DESCRIPTION
   1	Piston
   2	Piston Ring Set
   3	Gudgeon Pin
   4	Gudgeon Clip
   5	Upper Bearing
   6	Crankshaft Assembly
   7	Connecting Rod
   8	Crank Pin
   9	Crankshaft Right
   10	Crankshaft Left
   11	Roller Bearing
   12	Left Crankshaft Space
   13	Crankshaft Bearing
   14	Crankshaft Seals

   TABLE I: DESCRIPTION OF CRANKSHAFT

   Fig.1. Crankshaft Representation

2. PROPERTIES OF CRANKSHAFT MATERIALS

   Carbon steel made up of mainly Iron & carbon but still other elements do exists in this alloy as shown in figure.

   TABLE II: CARBON STEEL COMPOSITION

   S.NO	Elements	Maximum Weight%
   1	Carbon	1
   2	Copper	1.60
   3	Manganese	1.65
   4	Phosphorous	0.40
   5	Silicon	0.60
   6	Sulphur	0.05

3. DESIGN CALCULATIONS

   A. Engine Specifications:

   Speed N=1800 r.p.m

   Diameter of the piston d=100mm Mass of the reciprocating parts m=1.2 k.g

   Gas pressure Pm=650KNm- Length of the connecting rod l=270mm Crank radius r=60mm

   For the mentioned engine specifications, Angular velocity () = (2 N)/60 = 188.5 rads-1 Gas force (F) =5105 N

   Inertia force (FB) = 2840 N

   Net piston force (FP) = F FB +mg

   FP = 5105 2840 + (1.2 x 9.8) = 2276.8 N

   Net load on the gudgeon pin = force in the connecting

   V. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF

   CRANKSHAFT

   Finite Element Analysis is carried out in ANSYS Classic The Analysis is carried out in Three Stages they are Pre- Processor in which Preferences, Element Model, Material Properties and Meshing is done for the product, Processor in which Boundary Conditions and Loads are Applied for the Product & Post-Processor in which Results are plotted for the Product and Results are also Read in ANSYS at Different Nodes and Elements.

   A. MESHING OF CRANKSHAFT

   FC

   F

   cos

   =2283.44 N

4. MODELLING OF CRANKSHAFT

   1. 2D DRAWINGS

      Fig.2. Crankshaft sketcher

   2. 3D MODELLING

Fig.3. Modeling of crankshaft in PRO-E

Fig.4. Meshing of Crankshaft in ANSYS

1. BOUNDARY CONDITIONS & LOADS IN ANSYS

   Fig.5. Boundary Conditions & Loads applying on Crankshaft

2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON STEEL

   TABLE IIII: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON STEEL

   S.NO	Material	Carbon Steel
   1	Youngs Modulus	2*105 N/mm2
   2	Poisson´s Ratio	0.3
   3	Density()	7850 Kg/m3

   1. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS

      1. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS:

         In Structural Analysis we are Find out The Strength of the Crankshaft, Vonmises Stress, Vonmises Strain and Displacement in X-Component and Y-Component is Find out.

         1. VONMISSES STRESS

            Fig.6. Von-misses Stress of Crankshaft

         2. VONMISES STRAIN

            Fig.7. Von-misses Strain of Crankshaft

         3. DISPLACEMENT IN X-COMPONENT

            Fig.8. X-Component Displacement

         4. DISPLACEMENT IN Y-COMPONENT

Fig.9. Y-Component Displacement

TABLE IIIV: RESULTS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

1. CONCLUSION

Theoretical Design, Modelling of Single Throw Crankshaft is completed. Carbon steel Material is used for Crankshaft. The Maximum Allowable stress with in a Material is 182.433Mpa. The crankshaft can withstand deflection up to 19.342mm.

REFERENCES

1. Jianmeng Bowman, Yongquiliu, Ruixiangliu. 2011. Finite Element Analysis of 4-Cylinder Diesel Crankshaft.

2. Roger B.Dailly, David j. Bell.2012 Crankshaft Durability of Rover K- Series Engine: Comparison of ENGDYN Analysis with Dynamic Measurements.

3. L. Wang, Y. Xiang, Y. H. Lu, W. F. Liu, Modeling and Free Modal Analysis of the Crankshaft. Journal of Luoyang Technology College, 14(1), pp., 8-10, 2004

4. J. Sun, C.L. GUI, and x. Li, A Review of Crankshaft Strength Analysis for Internal Combustion Engines, Transactions of Csice, 20(2), pp. 179-184, 2002.

5. Z. P, Mourelatos, A crankshaft system model for structural dynamic analysis of internal combustion engines, Combustion and engines, vol. 79pp. 2009-2027, 2001.