Development of A Data Acquisition And Greenhouse Control System

Development of A Data Acquisition And Greenhouse Control System

Devendra Samrit, Mayur Parate, Nitin Gawai

Jawaharlal Darda Institute of Engineering and Technology Yavatmal, Di-.Yavatmal (M.S.), India.

Abstract – This project explains the design and implementation of electronic system based on GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) for controlling the climate parameters by SMS (Short Message Service) in greenhouse. The main purpose of this system conception is the remote control of the climatic parameters that influence the production in greenhouse (Temperature, relative humidity of air, light and soil moisture). Several sensors and actuators are installed and interconnected to a management and acquisition card. These sensors provide relevant information that is used to control ventilation, heating and pump by SMS. The procedure used in our system provides the owner with a remote control avoiding the need to perform the control actions on site. The proposed system is ideally suited for agricultural greenhouses. It is simple to be installed and used by farmers who do not computer skills. Besides, most people use their cellular phones to communicate and send messages. Thus, a prototype is developed with a simple message where all farmers can control their greenhouses from a distance by knowing the status of their greenhouse climate at any time (temperature, humidity…) and can control actuators to adjust these parameters (fan, heater, vent, drip irrigation…).

Keywords Sensors, Greenhouse, Microcontroller, GSM, Control, Monitoring

I.Introduction

The research in the agriculture field of Microsystems is progressively directed towards smart electronic interfacing, which provides the ability of performing complex operations. Specially designed interfacing electronics for specific applications improve the performances of the Microsystems and provide a user- friendly environment for the control and the communication with it. Data acquisition system is extensively employed in a number of automatic test and measuring equipments. They are used to collect the required data from any peripheral input devices, such as meters, sensors and etc. via controlling program. The data acquisition system presented makes use of two analogue inputs out of which one can be used for sensing the temperature and the other can be

used for sensing the humidity .The system can easily be adopted for additional analogue inputs. The microcontroller based data acquisition and control unit with two analogue inputs and keeps on controlling of temperature, humidity and water level of soil as per the crop requirement. This system uses AVR microcontroller ATmega16. The inbuilt ADC receives analog data from sensors and converts it to digital data and passes it to the microcontroller. The sensors continuously sends data from the distant site, interfaced with a GSM modem. System senses the conditions continuously and message is sent to mobile using SMS and also displays on LCD in interval every 10 minutes. Using this system, the operator can monitor the signals from anywhere. The GSM modem is connected to microcontroller using RS232 interface. Whenever an SMS is sent to the GSM modem, the GSM modem receives the data and sends to microcontroller. After receiving the signal from the microcontroller it processes the data and sends the read data to mobile number through GSM modem. The collected data is formed a database and stored in a pc. The received data is displayed on the LCD. 16X 2 LCD is provided for user interface.

II.System overview

The power supply used in this project is shown in circuit diagram. We used bridge rectifier to convert the 9V supply output of transformer into DC voltage. A voltage regulator IC is used to have the fixed output voltage of +5V . For microcontroller and GSM module we have used separate supply of same specification requirement. We are use two type of analogy sensor for measurement of temperature and humidity. For measurement of temperature we use LM35 and for measurement of humidity we use SY HS-230. The actuators are used are water pump for controlling the water level of soil , heater are used to moderate the temperature , the cooler fan are used to control the humidity. The microcontroller used is ATMEGHA-16 and GSM modem is SIM-300. The TXD pin of microcontroller is connected to the RXD

.

.

pin of GSM model and vice versa. The line driver ULN 2003 is used for increase a current.

throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designed to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

Power supply

Power supply

LCD

LCD

G S M

G S M

M A X 2

M A X 2

ATME GHA- 16 MICRO

M O T O R

M O T O R

LIGHT INTENC ITY

LIGHT INTENC ITY

L I G

L I G

– CONT ROLLE R

SYHS2

SYHS2

LM- 35

U L

U L

nd

C

The microcontroller datasheet recommends two separate voltage lines for the IC, one for the Digital signal circuit and the other for analogue signal. The analogue voltage is for the ADC circuit and it is suggested that the value should not differ from the Vcc by ± O. 3V. In this circuit, the Vcc voltage of 5V was selected and separately connected to the analogue voltage terminals of the IC. In other to minimise the effect of the digital signal on the accurate conversion

n ut

80 5v

C 5

70

000 mf

mf ND AX23 2

CD DISPLA

1 2 3 4 5 6

CD DISPLA

1 2 3 4 5 6

5v

E S WN 4 5 6 7 E

N D C

k C

of the ADC circuit, an external capacitor of 100nF was connected between the analogue supply terminals of the chip. This ensures analogue noise cancelling in the circuit. The Digital voltage supply is between 4.5 and 6.5 volts. For this circuit a 5V regulated supply

6 0

0m

0m f

was used as the Vcc of the circuit. The positive terminal was fed to pin 10 and the ground terminal to

o GSM

modem

f 3

4 TMEG A16

0m

1 f0 5

5 2 K 4

0m

f 30pM 2

fF 3 7

3p

f

6

ST

M3 5

V

LN U2003 M

0

4

pin 11. Pins 12 and 13 serves as the crystal input and output of an inverting amplifier and it was configured as an On-chip oscillator. The connection as recommended (ATmega16 data book,2001) is that the values of the capacitors be in such a manner that C1 = C2.

V.SIM 300 GSM/GPRS MODULE : –

7 6

8 5

o

9 4 relay

0 3

1 1

IV.ATmega16 AVR microcontroller

The ATmega16 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega16 achieves

GSM/GPRS module is used to establish communication between a computer and a GSM- GPRS system. Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) is an architecture used for mobile communication in most of the countries. Global Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is an

extension of GSM that enables higher data transmission rate. GSM/GPRS module consists of a

GSM/GPRS modem assembled together with power supply circuit and communication interfaces (like RS- 232, USB, etc) for computer. The MODEM is the soul of such modules. A GSM/GPRS module assembles a GSM/GPRS modem with standard communication interfaces like RS-232 (Serial Port), USB etc., so that it can be easily interfaced with a computer or a microprocessor / microcontroller based system. The power supply circuit is also built in the modul that can be activated by using a suitable adaptor

Mobile Station (Cell phones and SIM)

Module (SIM) together form a mobile station. It is the user equipment that communicates with the mobile network. A A mobile phone and Subscriber Identity mobile phone comprises of Mobile Termination, Terminal Equipment and Terminal Adapter.

Mobile Termination is interfaced with the GSM mobile network and is controlled by a baseband processor. It handles access to SIM, speech encoding

and decoding, signaling and other network related

tasks. The Terminal Equipment is an application processor that deals with handling operations related to keypad, screen, phone memory and other hardware and software services embedded into the handset. The Terminal Adapter establishes communication between the Terminal Equipment and the Mobile Termination using AT commands. The communication with the network in a GSM/GPRS mobile is carried out by the baseband processor.

AT Commands AT Commands are used to control a modem. AT means Attention. Every command line starts with AT.These are of two types : Basic and Extended.

• ATEO Echo off

• ATE1- Echo on

• ATD Call a dial no.

  Syntax : ATD 9479555640

• ATDL- Redial last telephone no.

• ATA- Answer an incoming call

• ATH-Disconnect existing connection

• AT+CMGS-To send SMS

• Syntax: AT+CMGS=9479555640 Press enter Type text and press ctrl+z

AT+CMGR To read SMS

Syntax : AT+ CMGR=1 ; reads first SMS in sim card AT+CMGD To delete SMS

Syntax : AT+CMGD = 1 ; deletes first SMS in sim card

1. TEMPRETURE SENSOR LM35: –

   The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in° Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±14°Cat room temperature and ±34°C over a full

   55 to +150°Ctemperature range. Low cost is assured by trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The LM35s low output impedance ,linear output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy. It can be used with single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies. As it draws only 60 A from its supply, it has very low self-heating, less than 0.1°C in still air. The LM35 is rated to operate over a 55° to

   +150°C temperature range ,while the LM35C is rated for a 40° to +110°C range (10°with improved accuracy). The LM35 series is available package din hermetic TO-46 transistor packages, while theLM35C, LM35CA, and LM35D are also available in the plastic TO-92 transistor package. The LM35D is also available in an 8-lead surface mount small outline package and aplastic TO-220package.

2. HUMIDITY SENSOR SY HS230

   These module convert the relative voltage into output voltage. It work on 5V dc voltage having measuring range of 10% to 90% RH With ±5% RH. It have body dimension is 18 x 25 x 9mm. The output is analog voltage having range of 580 to 2870 mv. The operating temperature voltage is 0 to 60°C. This analog voltage is converted into digital by the ADC which was inbuilt in microcontroller. The output is displayed on LCD display.

   Fig: Humidity Sensor

3. MAX232

The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply

TIA/EIA-232F voltage levels from a single 5-V supply. Each receiver converts TIA/EIA-232-F inputs to 5-V TTL/CMOS levels .these receivers have a typical threshold of 1.3 V, a typical hysteresis of 0.5 V, and can accept ±30-V inputs .Each driver converts TTL/CMOS input levels into TIA/EIA-232-F levels. The driver, receiver, and voltage-generator functions are available as cells in the Texas Instruments LinASIC library.

The real hardware implementation of circuit is as follows:

FIG: MAX 232

IX.L C D Circuit Design

Based on the recommendations in the data book of the AVR microcontroller and that of the 16x2LCD,(Ismaila and Momoh, 2011) came up with an LCD circuit shown in Fig. which was found suitable for our purpose, was used.

FIG: LCD Circuit

1. RESULT:

   Serial Number	Condition	output
   01	Water present	Motor is off
   02	Water absent	Motor is on
   03	Temp > 40	Fan is on otherwise off
   04	Hum < 50	Fan is on otherwise off
   05	Temp < 25	Light is on otherwise off
   06	Hum < 30	Light is on otherwise off

   Serial Number	Condition	output
   01	Water present	Motor is off
   02	Water absent	Motor is on
   03	Temp > 40	Fan is on otherwise off
   04	Hum < 50	Fan is on otherwise off
   05	Temp < 25	Light is on otherwise off
   06	Hum < 30	Light is on otherwise off

   The microcontroller first cheque the conditions in program which are burn in microcontroller as per required crop condition.

   START

   ISSN: 2278-0181

   Vol. 2 Issue 4, April – 2013

   Initialize ATMEGHA16

   Initialize ATMEGHA16

   real consumer societies. Our work has consisted mainly of optimizing simple ways (using SMS) to

   Initialise ADC and serial port of

   Initialise ADC and serial port of

   realize real tools for remote monitoring of climate parameters and of drip irrigation in greenhouses in Morocco by strengthening the capacity and coverage

   Read the input signal

   Read the input signal

   action of farmers who are often uneducated. Using this system and with a simple SMS, we can start and stop

   different actuators as well as know the climate under

   Start A/D

   Start A/D

   greenhouse via the GSM network from anywhere. In addition, the project is essentially a multidisciplinary

   Microcontroller Collect the Data & Check the

   Microcontroller Collect the Data & Check the

   educational support as well as part of a student training and research.

   Moisture Absent Hum>50 Temp> 40

   Moisture Present Hum< 25 Temp<

   Motor OFF

   Lights ON

   Motor OFF

   Lights ON

   1. ATiny2313 Data Book. (2003, September). AVR Microcontroller. Retrieved April 12, 2011, from ATmel Corporation: http;/www.atmel.com

   2. Adedjouma A.S., Adjovi G., Agaï L. and Degbo B., 2006. A system of remote control car lock with a GSM based geo-location by GPS and GSM. African Journal of Research in Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 1.

   3. Baille A., Kittas C. et Katsoulas N., 2001. Influence of whitening on greenhouse microclimate and crop energy partitioning. Journal of Agricultural and

      Yes No

      Motor ON

      LightsOF

      Motor ON

      LightsOF

      END

      Fig: flowchart of project

      The system is designed for controlling and monitoring any remote equipment in greenhouse by a simple SMS from anywhere in the world via the GSM network. The developed system can be a very profitable investment because t will be able to optimize the use of the resources used in greenhouse. The GSM network operating in the design of this system has allowed us to make our greenhouse more autonomous and, thus, to adapt it to the constraints and Moroccan socio-economic realities that do not necessarily match with the technological and economic development of Western countries that are

      Forest Meteorology, Vol. 107

   4. Bouchikhi B., El Harzli M., 2005. Design and realization of acquisition system and climatic parameters control under the greenhouse. Phys & Chem. News, Vol. 22

   5. El Harzli M., 2009. Study and realization of a multifunctional sensor, heat flux, temperature and humidity. Application to the greenhouse control. National PhD , Faculty of Sciences, Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco

   6. Jiang P., Xia H., Zhiye He Z. and Wang Z., 2009. Design of a water Environment monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks. Journal of Sensors Vol. 9

   7. SIM300 Hardware Interface Description version 01.06 date:- 2005-12-27 doc.id:- SIM300_HD_V1.06

   8. max232 datasheet SLLS047L FEBRUARY 1989

      REVISED MARCH 2004

   9. http://www.circuitvalley.com/2012/09/atmel-avr- lcd-16×2-interfacing-hd44780.html