Effect of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Antenatal Care Among Spouses of Primigravida in Selected Hospitals, West Bengal

Effect of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Antenatal Care Among Spouses of Primigravida in Selected Hospitals, West Bengal

Author Name : Archana Ghosh

Name of organization: Government College of Nursing, District Hospital, Howrah-1,

City: Howrah, West Bengal, India.

Name Of Corresponding Author: Asru Bagchi

Principal, College of Nursing, SSKM Hospital Kolkata.

ABSTRACT- Husband`s involvement in seeking timely antenatal care is important. Their support can have a positive impact on health care of pregnant women, which successively depends on their knowledge and attitude regarding the importance of antenatal care. A non-equivalent control group pre-test post-test study was conducted among 80 spouses of primigravida 40 in the experimental & 40 in control group selected using non-probability convenience sampling technique to determine the effect of structure teaching program on knowledge & attitude regarding antenatal care among spouses of primigravida in Sonarpur Rural Hospital, West Bengal. Structured knowledge questionnaire & F ive point Likert scale were administered to obtain data. The result revealed that significant improvement of knowledge as evident from corresponding t value (t( 39 ) = 8.96, p0.05) & attitude (t( 39 ) = 4.52, p 0.05) after Structured teaching program. Structured teaching program is effective to improve the knowledge & attitude of the spouses of primigravida on antenatal care.

Keywords- Knowledge; Attitude, Antenatal Care; Structured teaching program;

1. INTRODUCTION

   Pregnancy, labor, and childbirth are important milestones in an exceedingly Couples life. Knowledge and attitude about the unknown events during pregnancy can make childbirth an extremely enriching andjoyful event. Pregnancy, including, childbirth, perhaps is the most emotional and dramatic experience in a womans life.1 Complications related to pregnancy and childbirth are the leading causes of mortality for women of reproductive age in many parts of the developing world especially in India. The maternal mortality ratio in India is 130 per100000 live births according to the Sample Registration System (SRS) report for 2014 – 2016. The primary target within the third SDG is to scale back the global mortality ratio to less than 70 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2030. Child mortality is a sensitive indicator of a countrys development. In2016, the IMR was 34/1,000 live birth.[1]. Effective antenatal care can improve the health of the mother and provides her an opportunity to deliver a healthy baby. Regular monitoringduring pregnancy can help detect the complication at an early stage before they become life-threatening emergencies. However, one mustrealize that even with the foremost effective scanning tools currently available, one cannot predict which is in a position to develop pregnancy-related complication. Hence, every pregnant women needs special care.[6]

2. METHODOLOGY

   The population of the study comprised of spouses of primigravida. The sample consists of spouses of a primigravida who attend theantenatal OPD with their wife that was selected for a particular study. The sample size consists of 80 spouses of primigravida, ( 40) in the experimental group, and (40) in the control group. The spouses of primigravida attending antenatal clinics with their wives, and w ho have read at least up to class VIII, and willing to participate in the study were included and who were not willing to

   come and attend thepost-test session conducted one week after the teaching program and who were not interested to participate e x c l u d e f r o m the study. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was adopted. For demographic information researcher administered a semi structured questionnaire ( Age, educational status, occupation, type of family, income per month, habitation). A structured knowledge questionnaire in the form of MCQs was administered to obtain data from each area based on antenatal care to assess the pre-test and post-test knowledge score of the spouses in the experimental group and control group. It had a total of 30 questions with full marks 30. For each right answer, score o f (1) was allotted and for every wrong answer, ascore of (O) was decided. O v e r a l l s c o r e r a n g e d f r o m 0 t o 3 0 . F ive point Likert scale was administered to collect data from each area based on antenatal care to assess the pre-test and post-test attitude score of the spouses in the both group. It had a total of 30 questions with full marks 150. Every question had five statements (strongly agree-5, agree-4, neutral-3, disagree-2, strongly disagree-1).Thus the maximum score was (150) with a minimum of (30). Total scoring was divide the spouses into three grades (Favorable, unfavorable, and Neutral attitude) .

3. MAJOR FINDINGS

Table 1 Frequency and percentage distribution of the spouses of

primigravida according to their age, education, occupation, types of family, habitat, monthly income.

n= 80 (ne =40,nc=40)

Variable Experimental grp. Control group

Table 2 Comparison of demographics variables between two groups according to their age, education, occupation, types of family, habitat, monthly income.

n= 80 (ne =40,nc=40)

Variable Experimental group Control group

Table 3 Mean, standard deviation, of the pre-test and post-test Knowledge and attitude scores of the spouses in experimental group and control group.

n= 80 (ne =40,nc=40)

t (39) = 1.69, p0.05

Data revealed that the pre-test mean Knowledge and attitudescore of spouses were ( 12.5& 8 9 . 8 ) in experimental group and ( 13.55& 90.15) in control group. Whereas in post-test mean knowledge

& attitude score of spouses were h i g h e r ( 22.2 &129.1) in experimental group than( 13.75 & 90.5)in control group (table 3).

Table 4 Independent t test and its significance computed between

post-test knowledge & attitude scores of the spouses of primigravida in experimental group and control group.

t (78) =1.67, p0.05

Results of independent t-test- the result revealed that in experimental group mean post-test knowledge and attitude scores (22.22 & 129.1) was higher than in control group (13.75 & 90.05) with mean difference of ( 8.47 & 39.05) which was found to be statistically significant as evident from corresponding t value (t ( 78)= 3.15, p0.05)& (t ( 78 ) =4.48, p0.05). (table-4).

Association between pre-test knowledge of spouses(experimental and control group) with selected demographic variables.

The chi square value ( 0.69 ), (0.05), (0.04) revealed that knowledge of spouses in both group was not influenced by age, educational qualification, and types of family. So, it can be concluded that no significant association was found between knowledge with selected demographic variables.

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