Experimental Study on Concrete using Zeolite Sand and Zeolite Powder as Partly Replacement for Fine Aggregate and Cement

Experimental Study on Concrete using Zeolite Sand and Zeolite Powder as Partly Replacement for Fine Aggregate and Cement

P. Ramu

M.E. Scholar Department of Structural engineering,

M.I.E.T. Engineering College, Thiruchirapalli, India.

Abstract- Concrete is used most preferably in construction field for their high compressive strength and its properties. In this field one of the disadvantages is carbon dioxide emission from the concrete and from manufacturing of cement. To overcome this issues zeolite material is introduced in concrete to absorb carbon dioxide from the environment and also to reduce the cement and natural river sand in construction. This paper presents an experimentally investigation to evaluate the compressive strength and split tensile strength and carbon dioxide absorption of concrete with zeolite sand and powder as partial replacement material. The cubes and cylinders were casted and tested at seven days, fourteen days and twenty eight days. The fine aggregate is replaced with zeolite sand by ten percentages, twenty percentages and thirty percentages. Cement is replaced with zeolite powder by ten percentages. The optimum result obtained from the replacement of thirty percentage zeolite sand and ten percentage zeolite powders in concrete attained a maximum high strength than conventional concrete.

Keywords- Zeolite sand; zeolite powder; concrete; carbon dioxide.

I.INTRODUCTION

There are many materials available to reduce the usage of cement and fine aggregate in concrete production. One of them is natural zeolite which is partly replaced as a substituent for cement and sand. By reducing the amount of cement and natural sand in concrete gives both economical and ecological benefits. By using natural zeolite in concrete for cement and fine aggregate can absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide reduction is the required process to control the environmental pollution.

1. MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

   1. Cement

      According to the Bureau of Indian Standard, Ordinary Portland Cement has been classified in to 33, 43 and 53 grade. In this project OPC 53 grade was used for casting the specimen. Specific gravity is 3.15.

   2. Fine Aggregate

      The aggregate size of 4.75 mm and less is considered as fine aggregate. Natural river sand is used in this project. Specific gravity of used fine aggregate is 2.6, and fineness modulus is 2.3.

      S. Manikandan

      Assistant Professor Department of civil engineering,

      M.I.E.T. Engineering College, Thiruchirapalli, India.

   3. Coarse Aggregate

      The size of aggregate bigger than 4.75 mm is considered as coarse aggregate. From various practical considerations, for reinforced concrete work, aggregates having a maximum size of 20 mm are generally considered satisfactory which passes 20 mm IS sieve. Specific gravity is 2.68, water absorption is 1%.

   4. Water

      Water is a most important ingredient in concrete which actively participates in the chemical reaction with cement. Water for making concrete should have the pH value range between 6 and 8.

   5. Zeolite Sand

      The origin of zeolite is a rock which contains alumnium, silicon, and oxygen. It is a natural mineral available in fine aggregate form. This zeolite sediments bed was obtained in many regions of the world. It is also used as partly replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Specific gravity of zeolite sand is 2.7. Fineness modulus is 3.0, and water absorption is 1.5%.

      Fig.1 Zeolite Sand

   6. Zeolite Powder

   Zeolite is also available in powder form for the partly replacement for cement in concrete. It has the good pozzolanic reactivity and ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Specific gravity of zeolite powder is 2.8, fineness modulus is 3.3%, and water absorption is 1.5%. Silica content is 80.5%, alumina is 4.2%, iron oxide is 2.2%, magnesia is 1.5%, and lime is 4.3%.

   Fig.2 Zeolite Powder

   1. Mix Ratio

2. MIX DESIGN

   Result:

   Amount of CO2 absorbed by Mix.1 cube = 1.0 mole

   Grade designation : M30

   Cement content : 394 Kg/m3

   Fine aggregate : 740.3 Kg/m3

   Coarse aggregate : 1207.84 Kg/m3

   Water : 157.6 liter/m3

   W/C ratio : 0.4

   Mix Ratio : 1: 1.85: 3

   1. Mix Proportions

   TABLE I. DIFFERENT MIX PROPORTIONS

   Mix	Cement	Fine aggregate	Coarse aggregate
   1	Cement 90% + zeolite powder 10%	Fine aggregate 90% + zeolite sand 10%	Coarse aggregate 100%
   2	Cement 90% + zeolite powder 10%	Fine aggregate 80% + zeolite sand 20%	Coarse aggregate 100%
   3	Cement 90% + zeolite powder 10%	Fine aggregate 70% + zeolite sand 30%	Coarse aggregate 100%
   Conventional Concrete	Cement 100%	Fine aggregate 100%	Coarse aggregate 100%

3. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

   1. Carbon dioxide Absorption Test

      Carbon dioxide absorption from the zeolite used concrete is compared with the conventional concrete. In this test weighing balance is used. Conventional concrete and zeolite used concrete are kept in water for curing. After 7 days weight of the cubes were taken. Similarly, readings were taken on pre-planned days on 10th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day. Then carbon dioxide absorption from the cubes was calculated.

      Calculation:

      1. Carbon dioxide absorbed by cube = Final weight Initial weight / Molecular weight of carbon dioxide. Final weight = weight of zeolite cube on 28thday

         Initial weight = weight of zeolite cube on 10th

         day

         Molecular weight = 44 for carbon dioxide.

         On day	Mix Conventional Concrete Kg	Mix.1 ZS 10% ZP10% Kg	Mix.2 ZS 20% ZP 10% Kg	Mix.3 ZS 30% ZP 10% Kg
         Weight on 10th day	8.90	8.37	8.39	8.6
         Weight on 14th day	8.87	8.49	8.50	8.71
         Weight on 21st day	8.76	8.63	8.60	8.83
         Weight on 25th day	8.71	8.76	8.82	8.98
         Weight on 28thday	8.70	8.81	8.88	9.2

         TABLE II. CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORPTION TEST

         Amount of CO2 absorbed by Mix.2 cube = 1.1 mole Amount of CO2 absorbed by Mix.3 cube = 1.36mole

   2. Compressive Strength Test

      The strength in compression of concrete is determined from cubes of 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm. The cubes were tested for 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days.

      1. Compressive strength = P/A (N/mm2) P = Load in N

         A = Area in mm2

         TABLE III. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST RESULT

         Mix No	7 Days (N/mm2)	14 Days (N/mm2)	28 Days (N/mm2)
         1	24.43	29.0	36.08
         	24.54	29.35	36.35
         3	24.70	29.93	37.46
         CC	24.0	29.43	35.38

         Fig.3 Compressive strength (N/mm2) at 7, 14, 28 days

   3. Split Tensile Strength Test

   The split tensile strength of concrete is determined from cylinder of radius 75 mm and height 300 mm.

   1. Split tensile strength = 2P/ d L

   P = Maximum applied load d = Diameter of cylinder

   L = Length of cylinder

   TABLE IV. SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH TEST RESULT

   Mix	7 Days (N/mm2)	14 Days (N/mm2)	28 Days (N/mm2)
   1	2.30	3.17	3.40
   2	2.22	3.11	3.60
   3	2.97	3.33	3.75
   CC	2.31	3.00	3.40

   Fig.4. Split tensile strength (N/mm2) at 7, 14, 28 days

4. CONCLUSION

The compressive strength at 28 days is found to be 6% more and split tensile strength is 10% more than conventional concrete when zeolite sand is 30% and zeolite powder is 10% replaced in concrete. So the optimum replacement ratio is zeolite sand 30% and zeolite powder 10% reached the maximum compressive and split tensile strength. The carbon dioxide absorbed by the zeolite cube proportions of zeolite powder 10% and zeolite sand 10%, 20%, 30% are

1.0,1.1,1.36 moles respectively.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I wish to express my special thanks of gratitude to my guide Professor. S. Manikandan sir and also our principal sir

Dr. S. Guharaja supports me to do this project and gave permission to use all required equipments and necessary materials to complete my project. Finally, I express my thanks to all teaching and nonteaching faculty and my colleagues who are indirectly supported and guided me to complete my project.

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