Factors that Formed Kampung Ramah Anak (KRA)/ Child-Friendly Kampoong based on Children Perception in Surabaya

Factors that Formed Kampung Ramah Anak (KRA)/ Child-Friendly Kampoong based on Children Perception in Surabaya

Aprilia Eka Wulandari, ST.1

1Student,

Departement of Architecture Housing and Settlement Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS)

Surabaya, Indonesia

AbstractSurabaya is one of the major cities in Indonesia, which has high-density population and buildings. Solid and dense buildings led to a reduction of space for children to move (play and exploration). While the fulfillment of children's rights, including space must also be prioritized. To fulfill these rights are child-friendly city concept that has been realized in various cities in the world, including in Indonesia through the Kabupaten/ Kota Layak Anak (national scale) and Kampung Ramah Anak (KRA) or Child-Friendly Kampoong (local scale). Child-friendly kampoong in the city of Surabaya was only implemented in 2015 through a program of Surabaya City Government Initiation Kampunge Arek Suroboyo. However, the kampoong has not been widely implement and uneven. Therefore, this study discusses the factors forming the Child Friendly Kampoong based on perceptions of children who are supported by the perceptions of parents, community leaders in the area of research and experts. The aim of this study is to formulate the factors forming the Child Friendly Kampoong based on the perception of the child in the city of Surabaya. This study uses naturalistic paradigm with qualitative research strategy through interpretive approach. Data analysis technique used was content analysis and narrative qualitative analysis complemented by verification of the data-validation technique that is triangulated. Results from this study is the 13 Factors Shaping Perceptions Based Child Friendly Kampoong Children in the city of Surabaya such as The Role of Consciousness of Parent/ Guardian, The Social cohesiveness, The Feelings of In-Group and Out-Group of Children, The Control of Parent/ Guardian, The Dominance of Public Facilities Use, The child's Self-Actualization, The Availability of Basic Infrastructure Facilities and Neighborhoods, The Quality of Physical and Non-Physical (Social Environment) Housing, The Child Care and Social Security, The Education and Development, The Facilities, Infrastructure and Activities that support the growth and development of children, The Protection of children, and The Child Participation.

Keywords Kampung Ramah Anak, Child-Friendly, kampoong, Kota Surabaya, children perception

1. INTRODUCTION

   Children and the environment is a relationship that cannot be separated (Al-Arasi, Martinez, & Amer; Prasetyo, 2013). Children always get a new experience in the neighborhood (Al- Arasi et al.; Arasi, 2013; Fitzpatrick, 2014). A child being vulnerable to its environment and thus require an environment that supports its existence (Dewiyanti, 2011; UNICEF, 2002). Space takes a child to be active, creative and safe play and supporting the growth and quality of life of children (Bartlett,

   2Ir. Purwanita Setijanti, M.Sc., Ph.D. 3Dr. Ir. Eko Budi Santoso, Lic. Rer. Reg 2,3Supervisor,

   Department of Architecture

   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya, Indonesia

   1997; Dewiyanti, 2011; Fitzpatrick, 2014; Subiyakto, 2012; UNICEF, 2002). Space is also needed to meet the needs of a child's social, mental growth, build an emotional as well as search for identity (Bartlett, 2002, 2007). Therefore, the relationship of children and space is a unity that cannot be separated because of the linkages that space affects the lives of children, especially in fulfilling the needs and rights of children.

   To meet the needs of children will be a room, then emerged the idea of a Child-Friendly City (CFC), initiated by UNESCO through the program Growing Up in City (Lynch, 1977 in (Widiyanto & Rijanta, 2012)). Through UNICEF and UN- HABITAT, Child-Friendly City Initiative grow in both international and local levels such scale in the city of Surabaya, the fulfillment of children's rights is implemented through Inisiasi Kampunge Arek Suroboyo (IKAS) programme. Some kampoong who has received the title as child-friendly kampoong in Surabaya based program IKAS namely:

   • Kampung Belajar: Kelurahan Babat Jerawat (First Place), Kelurahan Ngagel Rejo (Second Place) and Kelurahan Wonokusumo (third place).

   • Kampung Asuh: Kelurahan Dukuh Setro (First Place), Kelurahan Jambangan (Second Place), and Kelurahan Karang Poh (third place).

   • Kampung Sehat: Kelurahan Wonokusumo (First Place), Kelurahan Jambangan (Second Place), and Kelurahan Dukuh Setro (third place).

   • Kampung Aman: Kelurahan Gubeng Kertajaya (First Place), Kelurahan Dukuh Setro (Second Place), and Kelurahan Ngagel Rejo (third place).

   • Kampung Kreatif: Kelurahan Lontar (First Place), Kelurahan Banyu Urip (Second Place), and Kelurahan Jambangan (third place). (DispendikSurabaya, 2015).

     Based on these data, it can be seen that the strong commitment of the city of Surabaya in creating a Kampung Ramah Anak/ Child-Friendly Kampoong. However, the development of Surabaya that the faster must be balanced with the fulfillment of the rights of children, especially in the living environment. Therefore, research is needed on the factors forming the Child-Friendly Kampoong based on the perception of the child in Surabaya so that can help further research related to the

     development of Child-Friendly Kampoong in the city of Surabaya.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

   1. Children and Their Rights

      A child is someone who has not aged or under the age of 18 (eighteen) years, including children who are still in the womb (Arasi, 2013; Chawla, 2002; Hastuti, Sebho, & Lamawuran 2010; MENEGPPPA 2010; O'Byrne 2006; Pope & Nolan,

      2011). Age grouping can be explained in terms of biology and used in coaching children, namely: the size of the baby is 0-1 years old, children 1-12 years old, 12-15 years old adolescents, young adults 15-30 years old and is 30 years and over (Ghafur 1982; Simanjuntak, 1984).

      Childhood middle and end (middle and late childhood) is also known as the years of elementary school starting from the age of 6-11 years, children are also master basic skills (such as reading, writing, arithmetic) and formally confronted world and the broader culture, and in this period of achievement become more central theme of the child's world and increasing self-control children (Santrock, 2007). The next period is adolescence (adolescence) which is a transition period of development from childhood into adulthood (early) and starting from the age of 10-12 years and ended at the age of 18- 22 years. At this time the child / adolescent search for identity liberty, spend more time outside the home, more abstract thinking, idealistic and logical (Santrock, 2007).

      Based on Piaget in (Santrock, 2007), one of the stages of child cognitive development is concrete operational stage lasts 7-11 years of age that children can perform operations and logical reasoning about concrete events and is able to classify objects and be able to sort the objects. The next stage is the formal operational stage at the age of 11-15 years is the child / adolescent can do more abstract reasoning, idealistic, and logical, and able to think systematically in solving problems (Piaget in (Santrock, 2007))

      Based on the above literature, the children in this study were children aged 6-12 years where the child is able to memorize something, to master some basic skills and begin to recognize the wider world and diverse cultures, beides children are also able to think logically.

      Children have a right to live, be present, grow, love, speech, expression and determine what they want and need without coercion (Dewi, 2011). Children are also entitled to be able to play and learn in a safe and quiet (UNICEF, 2012). Children have the right to rest, play, recreation, free time, and participate in the arts and cultural life (CCRC, 2011). In addition, children are entitled to a healthy, clean, safe, convenient to survive in its environment (Bartlett, 2003). The rights of children to live healthy, clean and survive should not be ignored because it affects the provision of facilities and services to meet the rights of children (Bartlett, 2003). Children need a place or facility to gain knowledge, the development of talents, skills, creativity, play, recreation and a place to adapt to its environment (Utami, 2014). Children are entitled to education (UNICEF, 2014). Existence of and access to education facilities are needed and deserved obtained by children where children can gain new knowledge and other information (Lundy, Kilkelly, Byrne, & Kang, 2012; UNICEF, 2002)).

      Children are entitled to be served which includes the supply of clean water, quality, accessibility and clean water storage devastating for children (Bartlett, 2003; Subiyakto, 2012; UNICEF, 2002). Additionally, clean and decent sanitation also support the child for a healthy and independent (Bartlett, 2003; Subiyakto, 2012; UNICEF, 2002). Waste effect on children's health and hygiene, hence the importance of good management of waste disposal and regular (Bartlett, 2001, 2003; Bartlett, Arnold, & Hill, 2001). Availability of good roads will make children feel at home in the house and the child will easily meet and play with friends (Subiyakto, 2012). Therefore, it needs a safe and convenient way for children even when they are alone on the road (Pope & Nolan, 2011). Ownership electrical connection at home is very important for children, it is based on the perception of their parents (Widiyanto & Rijanta, 2012).

      Children also mentioned have rights that must be accommodated by the government. In this case, the child is associated in the context of the child as a citizen of the city, namely:

      • Having the freedom to express opinions either personally or represented, associated with urban development policies, urban facilities and urban services.

      • Having the opportunity to participate in family life, other social communities.

      • Receive basic services of health and education.

      • Have access to a quality town services facilities (water supply systems, home playground, school track) requirements for safety, health requirements, the requirements of ease and comfort requirements.

      • Every citizen in a balanced way to access every service, regardless of race, religion, wealth, gender, and disability (Ministry of Women Empowerment of Indonesia in 2007 in (Agustinawati, 2009).

        Based on children's rights is the provision of facilities services / facilities basic and basic infrastructure are entitled to obtain a child include Health Facilities; Educational Facilities; Play Facilities (Play Environment, Community Play); Social – Culture Liturgy Facilities; Water; Sanitation; Drainage and Sewerage Household; Street; Electricity.

   2. Settlement and Urban Kampoong

      Settlement is a residential area complete with environmental infrastructure, public infrastructure and social facilities which can be either the kampoong or residential complex (Blaang in (Wijono, 2013)). Issues concerning environmental health and housing in urban settlements must be considered, namely:

      • Provision of clean water and quality control

      • Disposal of garbage and waste water

      • Provision of sewage

      • Provision of facilities and public services, as well as water and air pollution (Kusnoputranto, 1983)

        Forms of existing settlements in the cities is often regarded as a settlement / housing 'informal' (in Indonesia commonly called "kampoong"). Informal housing is generally inaccessible to the legalization of land and houses, as well as adequate infrastructure (water, sanitation) (Majale, Tipple, & French, 2011). The kampoong is characteristic of living life as a traditional settlement arrangement before the entry of modern settlement planning, especially in Indonesia. Kampung well as an enclosed compound in the city who possess special characteristics, ie where the life of a kampoong (kampoong) still exist and appear on the socio-cultural system that binds in a kampoong (Nugroho, 2009a, 2009b). Hometown is a form of urban settlement typical with characteristics such as: population still carries the nature and behavior of rural life that exists in the family ties are close, the physical condition of the building and the environment is not good and not uniform, the density of buildings and high population, means basic services underprivileged, such as water supply, sewerage and storm water, waste disposal and others (Heryati).

   3. Child-Friendly City (CFC)

      CFC is a city that makes the child feel safe and protected, can learn and explore the world (Malone, 2004). The purpose of the CFC is to strengthen local authorities in implementing the fulfillment of the rights and needs of children and reassure the child that they can participate and be heard in the process of policy making child-friendly ((CERG) & (IRC), 2010; Sentika, 2007; UNICEF, 2002) , Said city friendly to the child when the environment is safe for children to play, children are free to move place and spend time in their own community (Uttke, 2012). Some elements in the Child-Friendly City, namely: security (physical, economics, sociology), mobility (the child's independence), comfort (feel ownership, comfortable, acceptable), freedom of opinion and be involved in decision making, ease of pedestrian access, gain access together with other (IRC, 2004; Kingston, Wridt, Chawla, Vliet, & Brink, 2007). In essence, Child-Friendly City (CFC) is a city that can meet children's rights.

   4. Kabupaten/ Kota Layak Anak (KLA)

      KLA Policy is the policy of the center of the development is handed over to each of these areas in fulfillment of child rights in the districts / cities that are centrally managed by the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection of the Republic of Indonesia (Saputri, Rostyaningsih, & Maesaroh, 2014; Widiyanto & Rijanta 2012 ).

      KLA is a city that gives protection to children and their rights in a process of sustainable development, through a conducive environment so that children can live, grow and develop, and participate optimally (WahanaVisiIndonesia, 2012). There are five (5) basic principles in the development of Child Friendly City, namely:

      • Children are placed at the center of development,

      • Voicing the rights of children and listen to the sounds of children,

      • Stresses the best interests of the child,

      • Not to discriminate in the provision of protection and fulfillment of children's rights, and

      • Availability of local regulations, infrastructure and supportive environment for growing up optimally.

      Based on the above, the KLA is basically the same as CFC is a district/city that can meet children's rights.

   5. Kampung Ramah Anak (KRA)/ Child-Friendly Kampoong

   Kampung Child Friendly City is a manifestation of Eligible Children in the neighborhood scale (kampoong) that meet the rights and needs of children to grow and develop as facilitating the needs of the child to be creative (Lestari, 2014). Indicators of success include the commitment KRA region, civil rights and freedoms for children, environment, family, alternative care, the right to basic health and welfare, education, the right to special protection, culture and infrastructure (Widiyanto& Rijanta, 2012).

3. METHODOLOGY

   Based on the issues raised and the purpose of research, this study uses naturalistic paradigm with qualitative research strategy through interpretive approach. Data collection techniques used are cognitive mapping, in-depth interviews, observation and documents. Data analysis technique used was content analysis and qualitative narrative analysis. It is also used validation and verification techniques Triangulation is the perception of children, parents and community leaders with the support of experts and literature.

   The location of this research is in RT 07 – RW 06, Kelurahan Wonokusumo, Kecamatan Semampir, Surabaya. Kelurahan Wonoksusumo, Kecamatan Semampir selected based on the highest number of children (up to 16,970 inhabitants based on data from the District In Figures 2014 in Surabaya), has the characteristics of the kampoong outskirts of Surabaya (ie in North Surabaya), and the availability of facilities and infrastructure environment that has not been evenly distributed. Based on the empirical fact that Kelurahan Wonokusumo, Kecamatan Semampir chosen as the study site. Kelurahan Wonokusumo consists of 16 RW. Location of the study will focus on RT 07 – RW 06 because it is a Kampung that had won IKAS assessment or Inisiasi Kampunge Suroboyo Arek Surabaya (IKAS) in 2015 in the Kampung Sehat Category (First Prize) and Kampung Belajar Category (Third Place). Based on the location and library (the children), then the population of this study is a resident of RT 07 – RW 06 Kelurahan Wonokusumo, Kecamatan Semampir, Surabaya. While survey respondents are children aged 6-12 years and their parents/ guardians, community leaders RT 07 – RW 06 Kelurahan Wonokusumo, as well as experts (settlements and urban kampoongs, sociology of children, and communities engaged daam field of rights fulfillment children's rights).

4. ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

   1. Location Overview

      RT 06 RW 07 included in Kelurahan Wonoksusumo, Kecamatan Semampir, Surabaya. The total area of RT 07 – RW 06 reached 1, 618 hectares (based image map of Surabaya 2015). RT 07 – RW 06 is RT ever won IKAS assessment or Inisiasi Kampunge Suroboyo Arek Surabaya in 2015 in the Kampung Sehat Category (First Prize) and Kampung Belajar Category (Third Place). IKAS itself is a manifestation of the Child Friendly City and the Child Friendly Kampoong in the city of Surabaya, which was initiated in the 2015's. Earlier, RT 07 – RW 06 has also received many awards. ). The building houses in the study area is a region with a single building

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      4	The tendency of children love and the beautiful environment and the living environment as clean as the first environment he recognized	this can be done through education to parents / guardians regarding children's rights and how to fulfill it. Controls Parent / Guardian Child excessive to the schedule and activities	citizens in order to establish Child Friendly Kampoong (Bieber, 2014). Feelings of in-group and out-group is formed on the basis of the similarity / dissimilarity between individual behavior (Halevy, Bornstein, and Sagiv, 2008). The similarities will form the in-group, while inequality will form the out-group. Which includes the in- group it will be favored, while included in the out-group so disliked / hated, it can lead to social conflict (Halevy et al., 2008). Based on these explanations, the need for the introduction of the child with the environment and social interaction between children that feeling of in-group and out-group children can be reduced. The policy was made more to the views of parents rather than the child because there is still the assumption that the opinion can be received only the opinion of parents as family members (Arasi, 2013). Parents who believe classic assume that the child is a machine that
      5	The tendency of children liked the environment (particularly the environment) are deserted and quiet
      6	The tendency of the child feel uncomfortable with places that give rise to the fear that disturb and threaten children
      7	The tendency of the child feel uncomfortable with foreign places
      8	The tendency of the child to feel uncomfortable when not with the play group
      9	The influence of a sense of comfort and discomfort to the child's relationship with the people at RT 07 – RW 06 which also affect the interest of children to the venue
      10	Effect of distaste (uncomfortable) for the use by a child
      11	Effect of group play to children taste of like / dislike to a place that also affect the use by a child
      12	The tendency of children to play and a visit to a place she/he likes
      13	Influence the taste likes / dislikes of the children's playground

      1. Lack of Social cohesiveness in RT 07 – RW 06 so that children and parents / guardians still feel concerned if their children play outside restrictions on activities that impact on a child's play. Social cohesiveness should be understood and strengthened between citizens of RT 07 – RW 06, so as to create a safe and comfortable environment for the child as well as the creation of the joint supervision of the child when outside the home (either when playing or visiting a friend's house). The embodiment of social cohesiveness also resulted in a lack of concern parent / guardian if the child is outside the house.

      2. The feeling of In-Group and Out- Group Children affecting the treatment of children to other friends as well as to the use of the place. Out-Group child feeling is when the child feels familiar and consider children besides play group is "not friends" or "arrogant kid" so that children differentiate the treatment of the child and does not want to play to place the child. In-Group feeling when a child is their friends, children feel more open and more confident, the children also follow and have the same opinions and views with their friends especially in choosing a place to play, a place that likes and dislikes.

      3. There

      1. Social cohesiveness Cohesiveness is the interest of members in a community to stick together, and there is togetherness, feeling the other members and having a positive emotional suasan (Yuniasanti in (Kurnia & Shinta, 2015)). Cohesiveness can be in the form of hospitality among group members in a community. The existence of this cohesiveness makes individuals in a community are willing to do the same activities of the group members (Moks et. Al, 2004 in (Princess, 2010)).

      2. Feelings of In- Group and Out- Group Children

      3. Controls Parent / Guardian Children

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      4	The tendency of children love and the beautiful environment and the living environment as clean as the first environment he recognized	this can be done through education to parents / guardians regarding children's rights and how to fulfill it. Controls Parent / Guardian Child excessive to the schedule and activities	citizens in order to establish Child Friendly Kampoong (Bieber, 2014). Feelings of in-group and out-group is formed on the basis of the similarity / dissimilarity between individual behavior (Halevy, Bornstein, and Sagiv, 2008). The similarities will form the in-group, while inequality will form the out-group. Which includes the in- group it will be favored, while included in the out-group so disliked / hated, it can lead to social conflict (Halevy et al., 2008). Based on these explanations, the need for the introduction of the child with the environment and social interaction between children that feeling of in-group and out-group children can be reduced. The policy was made more to the views of parents rather than the child because there is still the assumption that the opinion can be received only the opinion of parents as family members (Arasi, 2013). Parents who believe classic assume that the child is a machine that
      5	The tendency of children liked the environment (particularly the environment) are deserted and quiet
      6	The tendency of the child feel uncomfortable with places that give rise to the fear that disturb and threaten children
      7	The tendency of the child feel uncomfortable with foreign places
      8	The tendency of the child to feel uncomfortable when not with the play group
      9	The influence of a sense of comfort and discomfort to the child's relationship with the people at RT 07 – RW 06 which also affect the interest of children to the venue
      10	Effect of distaste (uncomfortable) for the use by a child
      11	Effect of group play to children taste of like / dislike to a place that also affect the use by a child
      12	The tendency of children to play and a visit to a place she/he likes
      13	Influence the taste likes / dislikes of the children's playground

      1. Lack of Social cohesiveness in RT 07 – RW 06 so that children and parents / guardians still feel concerned if their children play outside restrictions on activities that impact on a child's play. Social cohesiveness should be understood and strengthened between citizens of RT 07 – RW 06, so as to create a safe and comfortable environment for the child as well as the creation of the joint supervision of the child when outside the home (either when playing or visiting a friend's house). The embodiment of social cohesiveness also resulted in a lack of concern parent / guardian if the child is outside the house.

      2. The feeling of In-Group and Out- Group Children affecting the treatment of children to other friends as well as to the use of the place. Out-Group child feeling is when the child feels familiar and consider children besides play group is "not friends" or "arrogant kid" so that children differentiate the treatment of the child and does not want to play to place the child. In-Group feeling when a child is their friends, children feel more open and more confident, the children also follow and have the same opinions and views with their friends especially in choosing a place to play, a place that likes and dislikes.

      3. There

      1. Social cohesiveness Cohesiveness is the interest of members in a community to stick together, and there is togetherness, feeling the other members and having a positive emotional suasan (Yuniasanti in (Kurnia & Shinta, 2015)). Cohesiveness can be in the form of hospitality among group members in a community. The existence of this cohesiveness makes individuals in a community are willing to do the same activities of the group members (Moks et. Al, 2004 in (Princess, 2010)).

      2. Feelings of In- Group and Out- Group Children

      3. Controls Parent / Guardian Children

      houses and building plots coincide. Based on the results of field surveys, the number of homes in the area RT 07 – RW 06 reached 55 units (including rent and boarding). Based Kampung Profile RT 07 – RW VI Bulaksari, Kelurahan Wonokusumo, Kecamatan Semampir, Surabaya, the percentage of the study area covers 60% of the building woke up, 30% in the form of access to the road environment and 10% in the form of parks and green belt. The size of each house plot average of at least 5 x 10 m2, there is even a house that size is equivalent to 2 plots the house.

      Based on the results of data collection in the field, children aged 6-12 years in the study area amounted to 27 children with a percentage of 51.85% female and 48.15% male. that children aged 6-12 years in the study area more female sex (51.8%) than men (48.15%). By age, children in the study was 9 years old have higher numbers than other kids are 8, then is aged 12 and 8 years respectively amounted to 5 children. For children 7 years old amounted to 4 children, aged 6 and 11 years respectively amounted to 2 children and children aged 10 years amounted to 1 child.

      Figure 1: RT 07 RW 06 Kelurahan Wonokusumo, Kecamatan Semampir, Kota Surabaya

   2. Discussion

      Based on cognitive mapping, in-depth analysis and field observations, it can be seen 47 points conclusions then processed into a more concise understanding for the next stage (i.e. triangulation).

      TABLE 1. TRIANGULATION

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      1	The ability of children to recognize the environment and neighbors in the living environment through physical form and name of the inhabitants of the house / place	1. Importance of the Role Awareness Parent / Guardian children in creating child-friendly kampoong is the main thing of all, because the realization of child-friendly kampoong begins at home, begins with awareness of the fulfillment of the rights of the child by a parent / guardian. However, parents / guardians in the study area still do not understand very well what are the rights of children and how to fulfill these rights. So it is very important to give a good understanding to parents / guardians and children about children's rights. Create awareness of	1. Role of Consciousness Parent / Guardian Children Awareness of the role of the parent / guardian is the main thing in creating child-friendly kampoong. However, many parents / guardians who still do not understand the rights of the child. Society tends not concerned with the Child Friendly Kampoong (Bieber, 2014). Realising the role of awareness of parents / guardians on the importance of the fulfillment of children's rights one of them through education about children's rights, the procurement of routine activities that involve parents / guardians and
      2	Children's understanding of the environment seen by the range of visits children
      3	The tendency of the child does not like a place that is not beautiful and not as clean as the living environment

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      14	The tendency of some children like a private place as a playground	of the child is very necessary but knowledge of parents / guardians about the discussions with the child in determining the child's schedule and activities are still not there. Excessive control can be minimized through time-sharing discussions and joint activities between parents / guardians and the children themselves, so that the child feels fair and parents / guardians can also keep an eye on the child better. existence of the Inter- User Dominance Public Facilities For Children in the study area that could happen anywhere (not just in one place), so that the children feelreluctant to play, but it can be overcome through joint activities both from fellow peers and with adults. fulfillment facilities and infrastructure of settlements to be one factor in the fulfillment of children's rights, especially the rights of children to life and growing up. Noteworthy in fulfilling the infrastructure is availability, presence and quality. influence of the Social Conditions	can be controlled and must follow the orders of parents and children tend not to hear the opinion that parents always decide everything for children (Formiatno 2010 in (Bieber, 2014)). Therefore, the importance of educating parents about child rights and participation of children in the family. Dominance among users of public facilities for children is closely related to the feeling of in-group and out-group of children, child self- actualization, social cohesiveness, and Social Conditions Housing Environment. Actualization of the child can be met by providing a container / facilitate the activities of children in order to actualize its potential and provide opportunities for children to participate and voice their opinions in a variety of activities, planning, regulation and so on. However, the role of the child is still considered to be small and insignificant, so the set and planned activities are always carried out by adults and do not consider the child's opinion (Widowati, 2012). Self- actualization can be achieved when there is a harmonious social interaction and when it needs before self- actualization are met beforehand (Maslow, 1993). Based on the above, to be able to meet the child's self-actualization takes the container in the form of activities, facilities and amenities to be creative. In addition, another important thing is the fulfillment of human needs such as already
      15	The tendency of children choose a place to play at a friend's house nearby
      16	The influence of the child's relationship with others (in the living environment) against the interest of children to these places were also affected by the use of place by a child
      17	Influence taste like / dislike the child to use a place
      18	The tendency of the child feel uncomfortable with foreign places
      19	The tendency of children to play / out of the house at certain hours
      20	Limitations of children accessing playground / facilities
      21	The influence of parental control on children's time and activities
      22	The tendency of parents / guardians are over-protective of children's time and play activities
      23	Availability and whereabouts (location and distance) facilities / health facilities considered important and needed by parents / guardians
      24	The availability and quality of

      1. The

      2. The need to facilitate the activities / amenities / facilities for children actualize themselves, especially in the living environment so that children can voice their opinions and be heard by others, especially in the planning environment. Through the provision of activities and means of self-actualization, children feel valued and able to be creative in a positive way and give his opinion.

      3. The

      4. The

      1. The dominance of Inter Users Public Facilities For Children

      2. Self-actualization children

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	facilities / means of education considered important and needed by parents / guardians	Environment Residential against children either to use a group play as well as to the treatment of children to other children. fulfillment of child care by parents / guardians / relatives nearby so that the child's life is assured with good and children are not neglected. fulfillment of education and guidance to children in families without the physical and non- physical violence (both verbal pressure or pressure through the schedule is too dense for children). Besides education and coaching in the family expected to make children survive while in the wider world in the future, so that children are able to withstand the problems of later life. fulfillment of social security for children both for the present and future of children, such as insurance and education savings. In essence, how the child is a child's life can be guaranteed in the future. fulfillment of infrastructure, facilities and activities that support the upbringing of children so that children can grow and develop properly. For growing the fulfillment of rights should also involve children where children's voices are heard and taken into consideration, especially in the family so that when he is in the world greater than the house he was bold and confident to express their opinions. existence of protection for children	mentioned previously. 7. Facilities and infrastructure of settlements The importance of urban settings that respond to the needs of children such as physical health, non- physical (psychological) and social development of the child (Arasi, 2013). Physical quality of neighborhood children affects the child's experience of the place of residence, physical qualities may include green areas, freedom of movement, peer gathering places, rubbish / litter, geographic isolation and the provision of basic services (Arasi, 2013; Chawla, 2002). physical Dangers and heavy traffics (Arasi, 2013). environment regarded as an isolated environment
      25	The existence of (location) of facilities / children's play facilities in RT 07 – RW 06 is not known by some parents / guardians
      26	Availability of facilities / means of playing children is considered important and it takes the child by the parents, but some parents do not allow children to play if there is no supervision of parents / guardians of children and some parents / guardians more give a lot of activities (such as tutoring, the Koran) as a substitute children's play activities
      27	Availability of facilities / socio-cultural facilities (including art) is considered important and needed by children by some parents / guardians, while others still do not understand how and what the function of the facility / social facilities intended to fulfill the rights of children
      28	Availability and presence of facilities / means of the religion (worship) is

      1. The

      2. The

      3. The

      4. The

      5. The

      • Street plays an important role for the movement of children, therefore the environment must be safe for the child so that the child can walk around freely, meet their friends and explore their environment (Chawla, 2002). This way the quality can also be called Freedom from

      • Facilities / facilities socio-cultural needed by children to meet and interact with friends, this place should be a safe and easily accessible to children, because this place can also be used children for other activities (variety of activity settings), such as playing, creating, sport , shopping and away from adult supervision (Arasi, 2013). Non- fulfillment facility / facilities can make a child feel bored with the environment and the living

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      14	The tendency of some children like a private place as a playground	of the child is very necessary but knowledge of parents / guardians about the discussions with the child in determining the child's schedule and activities are still not there. Excessive control can be minimized through time-sharing discussions and joint activities between parents / guardians and the children themselves, so that the child feels fair and parents / guardians can also keep an eye on the child better. existence of the Inter- User Dominance Public Facilities For Children in the study area that could happen anywhere (not just in one place), so that the children feel reluctant to play, but it can be overcome through joint activities both from fellow peers and with adults. fulfillment facilities and infrastructure of settlements to be one factor in the fulfillment of children's rights, especially the rights of children to life and growing up. Noteworthy in fulfilling the infrastructure is availability, presence and quality. influence of the Social Conditions	can be controlled and must follow the orders of parents and children tend not to hear the opinion that parents always decide everything for children (Formiatno 2010 in (Bieber, 2014)). Therefore, the importance of educating parents about child rights and participation of children in the family. Dominance among users of public facilities for children is closely related to the feeling of in-group and out-group of children, child self- actualization, social cohesiveness, and Social Conditions Housing Environment. Actualization of the child can be met by providing a container / facilitate the activities of children in order to actualize its potential and provide opportunities for children to participate and voice their opinions in a variety of activities, planning, regulation and so on. However, the role of the child is still considered to be small and insignificant, so the set and planned activities are always carried out by adults and do not consider the child's opinion (Widowati, 2012). Self- actualization can be achieved when there is a harmonious social interaction and when it needs before self- actualization are met beforehand (Maslow, 1993). Based on the above, to be able to meet the child's self-actualization takes the container in the form of activities, facilities and amenities to be creative. In addition, another important thing is the fulfillment of human needs such as already
      15	The tendency of children choose a place to play at a friend's house nearby
      16	The influence of the child's relationship with others (in the living environment) against the interest of children to these places were also affected by the use of place by a child
      17	Influence taste like / dislike the child to use a place
      18	The tendency of the child feel uncomfortable with foreign places
      19	The tendency of children to play / out of the house at certain hours
      20	Limitations of children accessing playground / facilities
      21	The influence of parental control on children's time and activities
      22	The tendency of parents / guardians are over-protective of children's time and play activities
      23	Availability and whereabouts (location and distance) facilities / health facilities considered important and needed by parents / guardians
      24	The availability and quality of

      1. The

      2. The need to facilitate the activities / amenities / facilities for children actualize themselves, especially in the living environment so that children can voice their opinions and be heard by others, especially in the planning environment. Through the provision of activities and means of self-actualization, children feel valued and able to be creative in a positive way and give his opinion.

      3. The

      4. The

      1. The dominance of Inter Users Public Facilities For Children

      2. Self-actualization children

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	facilities / means of education considered important and needed by parents / guardians	Environment Residential against children either to use a group play as well as to the treatment of children to other children. fulfillment of child care by parents / guardians / relatives nearby so that the child's life is assured with good and children are not neglected. fulfillment of education and guidance to children in families without the physical and non- physical violence (both verbal pressure or pressure through the schedule is too dense for children). Besides education and coaching in the family expected to make children survive while in the wider world in the future, so that children are able to withstand the problems of later life. fulfillment of social security for children both for the present and future of children, such as insurance and education savings. In essence, how the child is a child's life can be guaranteed in the future. fulfillment of infrastructure, facilities and activities that support the upbringing of children so that children can grow and develop properly. For growing the fulfillment of rights should also involve children where children's voices are heard and taken into consideration, especially in the family so that when he is in the world greater than the house he was bold and confident to express their opinions. existence of protection for children	mentioned previously. 7. Facilities and infrastructure of settlements The importance of urban settings that respond to the needs of children such as physical health, non- physical (psychological) and social development of the child (Arasi, 2013). Physical quality of neighborhood children affects the child's experience of the place of residence, physical qualities may include green areas, freedom of movement, peer gathering places, rubbish / litter, geographic isolation and the provision of basic services (Arasi, 2013; Chawla, 2002). physical Dangers and heavy traffics (Arasi, 2013). environment regarded as an isolated environment
      25	The existence of (location) of facilities / children's play facilities in RT 07 – RW 06 is not known by some parents / guardians
      26	Availability of facilities / means of playing children is considered important and it takes the child by the parents, but some parents do not allow children to play if there is no supervision of parents / guardians of children and some parents / guardians more give a lot of activities (such as tutoring, the Koran) as a substitute children's play activities
      27	Availability of facilities / socio-cultural facilities (including art) is considered important and needed by children by some parents / guardians, while others still do not understand how and what the function of the facility / social facilities intended to fulfill the rights of children
      28	Availability and presence of facilities / means of the religion (worship) is

      1. The

      2. The

      3. The

      4. The

      5. The

      • Street plays an important role for the movement of children, therefore the environment must be safe for the child so that the child can walk around freely, meet their friends and explore their environment (Chawla, 2002). This way the quality can also be called Freedom from

      • Facilities / facilities socio-cultural needed by children to meet and interact with friends, this place should be a safe and easily accessible to children, because this place can also be used children for other activities (variety of activity settings), such as playing, creating, sport , shopping and away from adult supervision (Arasi, 2013). Non- fulfillment facility / facilities can make a child feel bored with the environment and the living

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	considered very important and needed not only by children but also the parents / guardians, in addition to worship, facilities / places of worship are also needed for the religious education of children (such as the Koran) and social activities of children (such as teen of Masjid)	is not only limited to physical but also non- physical, not only outside but also inside the home. The existence of the sensitivity of the parents / guardians and citizens against violence against children is needed. In addition, the education or understanding of violence is also very necessary, especially for parents / guardians, so most children feel safe when they are at home. In addition, to provide protection to children in residential lingkungkungan scale, it is necessary to RT adequate security system. composting, Parks Read, provision of facilities / engkle play facilities, as well as painted colorful kampoong that raises a cheerful atmosphere, Activities and facilities / amenities can be an opportunity for educating children about friendly environment for them, cleanliness, beauty and many of the values that can be imparted to children.	(Chawla, 2002). sidewalks, alleys and vacant land (Bartlett, 1999). Water supply, sanitation, drainage and waste disposal are essential to combat the disease still affects children. food, shelter, sanitation and waste disposal) shall be served to all children, due to lack of basic services can affect the health of children and their families and increase the likelihood of the spread of disease to other children (Chawla, 2002). 8. Environmental Social Conditions Housing Besides the quality of the physical, social quality of neighborhood children also affect the child's experience of the neighborhood, the quality in question is a social integrations, fear of harrassment and crime, boredom, cohesive community identity, sense of political powerlessness, and secure tenure (Arasi, 2013 ; Chawla,
      29	Availability, presence (distance) infrastructure as well as water quality is considered very important to meet the needs of family life (especially children) by the parent / guardian of the child, so the water infrastructure must be met every day
      30	Availability, presence (distance) and quality of sanitation infrastructure is considered essential to meet the needs of family life (especially children) by the parent / guardian of the child so that each house has a sanitation infrastructure
      31	Availability, presence (distance and location), the quality of infrastructure of waste as well as innovation in the system of waste is considered very important to clean the

      1. The lack of involvement of children well in a variety of activities, planning and management of the kampoong, and the lack of activities and infrastructure / facilities are able to accommodate a child to actualize mark that citizens are not yet fully aware of the rights of children, in this case the growth and development and participation.

      2. There is support for citizens in realizing the Child Friendly Kampoong by Kampoong Green and Clean, Smoke Free Kampoong, Drug Free, Waste Bank activities and

      • Play is a basic human impulse and is the basis for child development (Bartlett, 1999). Playing does not mean requiring an expensive game or design a special playground, children can play anywhere when there are stimuli that encourage children to play. Although many termpat formal play that has been provided, children tend to choose spontaneously when there is an opportunity to play in the streets,

      • The risk is highest for child health, which is the impact of the neighborhood (Bartlett, 1999).

      • Availability of basic services (water,

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	family and the environment is always maintained so that children feel comfortable and used to maintain the cleanliness of the environment from waste, in addition to the innovation of processing organic waste (decay / composting) and inorganic (sorting and recycling) performed by residents who also taught to their children through the provision of bins in every home, wheelie bins, tubs composter and garbage Bank is still active and regularly implemented		2002). comfortable and accepted in the community in public and semi-public, because it is important for children to interact and mingle with other age groups and not feel excluded for whatever reason (Klasen, 1998 in (Arasi, 2013)). Based on this, the child must be free from the threat of social, children also need a sense of belonging in a group in the community (Arasi, 2013). In addition, children should also be free from fear of the threat and criminality in the environment (especially in a community children's playground) so that the child is free to move and free to use the space in their homes (Arasi, 2013). proud of the achievements and history of their neighborhood is a positive identity that expresses a case of art and festival activities where children actively participate in it. To build this identity can be through a tradition of community self-help where children realize the development of their communities
      32	Availability of infrastructure drainage and sewerage considered important especially that the environment is clean and there is no blockage in the channels which can cause inundation during the rainy season, but the disorder of children other RTs who used to play at RT 07 – RW 06 who likes to throw plastic waste in drainage channels create a channel filled with plastic waste.
      33	The availability and quality of roads is considered very important

      • It is important that children feel

      • Feeling bored children related to physical quality, if a place does not appeal to a child then the child will feel bored and away even though the place is indeed geared for use by their (Arasi, 2013).

      • Children know the history of their environment and

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	considered very important and needed not only by children but also the parents / guardians, in addition to worship, facilities / places of worship are also needed for thereligious education of children (such as the Koran) and social activities of children (such as teen of Masjid)	is not only limited to physical but also non- physical, not only outside but also inside the home. The existence of the sensitivity of the parents / guardians and citizens against violence against children is needed. In addition, the education or understanding of violence is also very necessary, especially for parents / guardians, so most children feel safe when they are at home. In addition, to provide protection to children in residential lingkungkungan scale, it is necessary to RT adequate security system. composting, Parks Read, provision of facilities / engkle play facilities, as well as painted colorful kampoong that raises a cheerful atmosphere, Activities and facilities / amenities can be an opportunity for educating children about friendly environment for them, cleanliness, beauty and many of the values that can be imparted to children.	(Chawla, 2002). sidewalks, alleys and vacant land (Bartlett, 1999). Water supply, sanitation, drainage and waste disposal are essential to combat the disease still affects children. food, shelter, sanitation and waste disposal) shall be served to all children, due to lack of basic services can affect the health of children and their families and increase the likelihood of the spread of disease to other children (Chawla, 2002). 8. Environmental Social Conditions Housing Besides the quality of the physical, social quality of neighborhood children also affect the child's experience of the neighborhood, the quality in question is a social integrations, fear of harrassment and crime, boredom, cohesive community identity, sense of political powerlessness, and secure tenure (Arasi, 2013 ; Chawla,
      29	Availability, presence (distance) infrastructure as well as water quality is considered very important to meet the needs of family life (especially children) by the parent / guardian of the child, so the water infrastructure must be met every day
      30	Availability, presence (distance) and quality of sanitation infrastructure is considered essential to meet the needs of family life (especially children) by the parent / guardian of the child so that each house has a sanitation infrastructure
      31	Availability, presence (distance and location), the quality of infrastructure of waste as well as innovation in the system of waste is considered very important to clean the

      1. The lack of involvement of children well in a variety of activities, planning and management of the kampoong, and the lack of activities and infrastructure / facilities are able to accommodate a child to actualize mark that citizens are not yet fully aware of the rights of children, in this case the growth and development and participation.

      2. There is support for citizens in realizing the Child Friendly Kampoong by Kampoong Green and Clean, Smoke Free Kampoong, Drug Free, Waste Bank activities and

      • Play is a basic human impulse and is the basis for child development (Bartlett, 1999). Playing does not mean requiring an expensive game or design a special playground, children can play anywhere when there are stimuli that encourage children to play. Although many termpat formal play that has been provided, children tend to choose spontaneously when there is an opportunity to play in the streets,

      • The risk is highest for child health, which is the impact of the neighborhood (Bartlett, 1999).

      • Availability of basic services (water,

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	family and the environment is always maintained so that children feel comfortable and used to maintain the cleanliness of the environment from waste, in addition to the innovation of processing organic waste (decay / composting) and inorganic (sorting and recycling) performed by residents who also taught to their children through the provision of bins in every home, wheelie bins, tubs composter and garbage Bank is still active and regularly implemented		2002). comfortable and accepted in the community in public and semi-public, because it is important for children to interact and mingle with other age groups and not feel excluded for whatever reason (Klasen, 1998 in (Arasi, 2013)). Based on this, the child must be free from the threat of social, children also need a sense of belonging in a group in the community (Arasi, 2013). In addition, children should also be free from fear of the threat and criminality in the environment (especially in a community children's playground) so that the child is free to move and free to use the space in their homes (Arasi, 2013). proud of the achievements and history of their neighborhood is a positive identity that expresses a case of art and festival activities where children actively participate in it. To build this identity can be through a tradition of community self-help where children realize the development of their communities
      32	Availability of infrastructure drainage and sewerage considered important especially that the environment is clean and there is no blockage in the channels which can cause inundation during the rainy season, but the disorder of children other RTs who used to play at RT 07 – RW 06 who likes to throw plastic waste in drainage channels create a channel filled with plastic waste.
      33	The availability and quality of roads is considered very important

      • It is important that children feel

      • Feeling bored children related to physical quality, if a place does not appeal to a child then the child will feel bored and away even though the place is indeed geared for use by their (Arasi, 2013).

      • Children know the history of their environment and

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	by the parent / guardian in addition as well as access to a children's playground so that the quality and comfort of road is always considered (clean of garbage and decorated by paint colors and a variety of plants along the road corridor). However, many of the parents / guardians complained of crowded streets in the neighborhood RT 07 – RW 06 from passing vehicles which raised concerns about the dangers of the road environment for children.		through voluntary organizations as well as other local initiatives (Arasi, 2013). Basically the care and upbringing of children is the responsibility of parents, but there are alternative parenting in general assistance from relatives or babysitters power. Basic education and development of children begins from the family, and the family play a role for education socialization of children in their lifetime (Binh, 2012). Therefore, education and training in the family must consider the rights of the child where the child does not feel pressured and threatened by a parent / guardian yourself, things that were planted through education and coaching is what will shape your child and how he behaves to people other. Ownership will be the place to stay is very important for children to feel safe and
      34	The availability and presence of the electrical infrastructure is considered important both for street lighting ws also to meet daily needs, especially for children, but electricity use by children independently is supervised by a parent / guardian
      35	Care and Child Care is considered by the parent / guardian, so help treat and care for children entrusted to the closest relatives.
      36	Guidance and social security is an integral part in the family, parents / guardians provide

      • Children's right to express its opinions and ideas, but not only that, but children also need to be confident to express their opinions, ideas and views so that children feel they have a part in making positive changes to their neighborhood (Arasi, 2013).

      • Ownership of a place to live is very important for children to feel safe and comfortable (Arasi, 2013).

      1. Nursing and childcare

      2. Education and training

      3. Social security Social security (eg, insurance and savings) required children both for the present and the future, but it is also entitled to obtain secure tenure child.

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	guidance such as education and norms, parents / guardians also prepare social security for their children either in the form of savings and insurance		comfortable (Arasi, 2013). infrastructure and activities that support the growth and development of children Growth and development of children associated with the development of creativity of children who started at an early age, which is the basis for the development of creativity in later life stages (Munandar, 1999 in (Masiming 2009)). Growth and development of children in relation to the provision of the physical environment needed to support the growth and development of children, especially in the development of children's creativity is to ensure the safety, health, games and fun, a chance to explore and involvement in children's learning through the provision of play equipment, materials and supplies according to the child's development (UNESCO, 2003 at (Masiming 2009)). Besides the role of all parties such as parents / guardians, teachers in schools and local people are needed to support the growth and development of children through monitoring early (Chamidah, 2009). Violence against children can be divided into physical and non- physical violence. Physical violence such as beatings and sexual abuse. While the non- physical violence in the form of excessive protection (over- protective) of the child so that the child does not have the freedom to choose any and Negligence against children, such as neglect of children and employing children (Goddess, 2011). Violence and insecurity
      37	Coaching and education made by some parents / guardians of the child is still a child memaks pressure to comply with the wishes of parents / guardians, example child should get 5 ranking in the class, a child must follow a lot of lessons, and the children have to play in the house.
      38	Fulfillment facilities and infrastructure, especially education, health, and clean water is a form of enjoyment of the right growth and development of children, in addition residents also support the growth and development of children through the provision of park Read (although it can not be used entirely for the construction has not been completed) and facilities play engke.
      39	Fulfillment of rights for growing up is a fun activity and rest children are met through

      1. Means,

      2. The protection of children

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	by the parent / guardian in addition as well as access to a children's playground so that the quality and comfort of road is always considered (clean of garbage and decorated by paint colors and a variety of plants along the road corridor). However, many of the parents / guardians complained of crowded streets in the neighborhood RT 07 – RW 06 from passing vehicles which raised concerns about the dangers of the road environment for children.		through voluntary organizations as well as other local initiatives (Arasi, 2013). Basically the care and upbringing of children is the responsibility of parents, but there are alternative parenting in general assistance from relatives or babysitters power. Basic education and development of children begins from the family, and the family play a role for education socialization of children in their lifetime (Binh, 2012). Therefore, education and training in the family must consider the rights of the child where the child does not feel pressured and threatened by a parent / guardian yourself, things that were planted through education and coaching is what will shape your child and how he behaves to people other. Ownership will be the place to stay is very important for children to feel safe and
      34	The availability and presence of the electrical infrastructure is considered important both for street lighting was also to meet daily needs, especially for children, but electricity use by children independently is supervised by a parent / guardian
      35	Care and Child Care is considered by the parent / guardian, so help treat and care for children entrusted to the closest relatives.
      36	Guidance and social security is an integral part in the family, parents / guardians provide

      • Children's right to express its opinions and ideas, but not only that, but children also need to be confident to express their opinions, ideas and views so that children feel they have a part in making positive changes to their neighborhood (Arasi, 2013).

      • Ownership of a place to live is very important for children to feel safe and comfortable (Arasi, 2013).

      1. Nursing and childcare

      2. Education and training

      3. Social security Social security (eg, insurance and savings) required children both for the present and the future, but it is also entitled to obtain secure tenure child.

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	guidance such as education and norms, parents / guardians also prepare social security for their children either in the form of savings and insurance		comfortable (Arasi, 2013). infrastructure and activities that support the growth and development of children Growth and development of children associated with the development of creativity of children who started at an early age, which is the basis for the development of creativity in later life stages (Munandar, 1999 in (Masiming 2009)). Growth and development of children in relation to the provision of the physical environment needed to support the growth and development of children, especially in the development of children's creativity is to ensure the safety, health, games and fun, a chance to explore and involvement in children's learning through the provision of play equipment, materials and supplies according to the child's development (UNESCO, 2003 at (Masiming 2009)). Besides the role of all parties such as parents / guardians, teachers in schools and local people are needed to support the growth and development of children through monitoring early (Chamidah, 2009). Violence against children can be divided into physical and non- physical violence. Physical violence such as beatings and sexual abuse. While the non- physical violence in the form of excessive protection (over- protective) of the child so that the child does not have the freedom to choose any and Negligence against children, such as neglect of children and employing children (Goddess, 2011). Violence and insecurity
      37	Coaching and education made by some parents / guardians of the child is still a child memaks pressure to comply with the wishes of parents / guardians, example child should get 5 ranking in the class, a child must follow a lot of lessons, and the children have to play in the house.
      38	Fulfillment facilities and infrastructure, especially education, health, and clean water is a form of enjoyment of the right growth and development of children, in addition residents also support the growth and development of children through the provision of park Read (although it can not be used entirely for the construction has not been completed) and facilities play engke.
      39	Fulfillment of rights for growing up is a fun activity and rest children are met through

      1. Means,

      2. The protection of children

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	their children's learning schedule specified in RT 07 – RW 06, but planning not involve the child's opinion		in residential neighborhoods also have an impact on the lives of children, especially in urban violence is more complex. However, it can be minimized by improving the quality of public spaces / public influence social interaction in neighborhoods that more and more people use public space so that it can inhibit the anti- social behavior. Streets and alleys, places to sit and socialize, the plants and trees that shade, availability of shops and other facilities can contribute in activating communities make the environment safer and more vibrant (Bartlett, 1999). Supportive housing environment and safety are very important for children, so that children have the opportunity to have fun and explore the neighborhood. Children also need to participate as a citizen, as an expert and as a board environment (Hanne, 1994 (Chawla, 2002)). The role of citizens in creating a child-friendly kampoong is important because changes must be preceded by the kampoongrs themselves. Citizens should be fully aware of the fulfillment of children's rights, such as alternative education and facilitating the development of the child. Fulfillment of children's rights through the support of the facility / facilities and activities can cause a sense of comfort and pride in the child
      40	Fulfillment growth and development of children is not yet fully understood by the public, such as ignorance of the facility / play facilities as well as socio-cultural (including art and creation) for children and there are no activities and facilities / means to fulfill their socio- cultural (including art and creation) to child
      41	The protection of children from physical abuse are fulfilled parent / guardian and a resident of RT 07 – RW 06, but the protection of children from non-physical violence still occur as a disturbance and stress in a group of children playing and powerful words aloud to children.
      42	Threats to children are still perceived by the child as a threat by a group of children's playground RT another through the "border region" play, the verbal threats by a parent / guardian as if the child does not get a

      1. Child Participation In the process of fulfilling the needs of the child, it must involve children as a very important role, especially to find out what the child needs, how they evaluate their environment and what needs to be planned (Arasi, 2013).

      2. Support citizens

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	ranking of the Top 5 in the class will get a penalty and words that scare child.		(Andriotti, 2013).
      43	There are still some parents / guardians curb as prohibiting child playing outside and prohibit meet friends without a logical reason.
      44	The involvement of children in RT 07 – RW 06 both in the planning, arrangements and other activities are still small, and there is no facility / facilities and activities that can support a child's self- actualization.
      45	Other efforts were made citizens of RT 07 – RW 06 to protect children is through the installation of pamphlets bearing the important phone numbers that can be reached when the child feels threatened and in emergency situations such as fires and accidents, but not all children understand the importance of important numbers are, besides other efforts is the fence RT although not always closed due to restricted access in and out of the RT and the absence of citizens in charge of opening and

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	their children's learning schedule specified in RT 07 – RW 06, but planning not involve the child's opinion		in residential neighborhoods also have an impact on the lives of children, especially in urban violence is more complex. However, it can be minimized by improving the quality of public spaces / public influence social interaction in neighborhoods that more and more people use public space so that it can inhibit the anti- social behavior. Streets and alleys, places to sit and socialize, the plants and trees that shade, availability of shops and other facilities can contribute in activating communities make the environment safer and more vibrant (Bartlett, 1999). Supportive housing environment and safety are very important for children, so that children have the opportunity to have fun and explore the neighborhood. Children also need to participate as a citizen, as an expert and as a board environment (Hanne, 1994 (Chawla, 2002)). The role of citizens in creating a child-friendly kampoong is important because changes must be preceded by the kampoongrs themselves. Citizens should be fully aware of the fulfillment of children's rights, such as alternative education and facilitating the development of the child. Fulfillment of children's rights through the support of the facility / facilities and activities can cause a sense of comfort and pride in the child
      40	Fulfillment growth and development of children is not yet fully understood by the public, such as ignorance of the facility / play facilities as well as socio-cultural (including art and creation) for children and there are no activities and facilities / means to fulfill their socio- cultural (including art and creation) to child
      41	The protection of children from physical abuse are fulfilled parent / guardian and a resident of RT 07 – RW 06, but the protection of children from non-physical violence still occur as a disturbance and stress in a group of children playing and powerful words aloud to children.
      42	Threats to children are still perceived by the child as a threat by a group of children's playground RT another through the "border region" play, the verbal threats by a parent / guardian as if the child does not get a

      1. Child Participation In the process of fulfilling the needs of the child, it must involve children as a very important role, especially to find out what the child needs, how they evaluate their environment and what needs to be planned (Arasi, 2013).

      2. Support citizens

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	ranking of the Top 5 in the class will get a penalty and words that scare child.		(Andriotti, 2013).
      43	There are still some parents / guardians curb as prohibiting child playing outside and prohibit meet friends without a logical reason.
      44	The involvement of children in RT 07 – RW 06 both in the planning, arrangements and other activities are still small, and there is no facility / facilities and activities that can support a child's self- actualization.
      45	Other efforts were made citizens of RT 07 – RW 06 to protect children is through the installation of pamphlets bearing the important phone numbers that can be reached when the child feels threatened and in emergency situations such as fires and accidents, but not all children understand the importance of important numbers are, besides other efforts is the fence RT although not always closed due to restricted access in and out of the RT and the absence of citizens in charge of opening and

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	closing the gate.
      46	Protection is applied parent / guardian especially when children are outside the house (especially for play) originated from a concern of parents / guardians to change the parent / guardian to be over- protective.
      47	Rules RT 07 – RW 06 others associated with the fulfillment of child rights include smoke- free rules (both citizens of RT 07 and other citizens who visit and across RT 07) and drug-free rules

      Num.	Findings	Interview Results	Divining Manual/ Theories
      	closing the gate.
      46	Protection is applied parent / guardian especially when children are outside the house (especially for play) originated from a concern of parents / guardians to change the parent / guardian to be over- protective.
      47	Rules RT 07 – RW 06 others associated with the fulfillment of child rights include smoke- free rules (both citizens of RT 07 and other citizens who visit and across RT 07) and drug-free rules

      play, parental control on the schedule is too dense, and still Loosening the relationship between children in RT 07 – RW 06 Wonokusumo kampoong. Matters are then validated and verified to the community of experts and observers of children's rights as well as the libraries that support. Based on respondents' opinions of experts on children's perception and libraries that support, there are factors that need to be added and formed in RT 07 – RW 06 Kelurahan Wonokusumo to be more friendly to children, namely: The Role of Consciousness of Parent/ Guardian, The Social cohesiveness, The Feelings of In-Group and Out-Group of Children, The Control of Parent/ Guardian, The Dominance of Public Facilities Use, The child's Self-Actualization, The Availability of Basic Infrastructure Facilities and Neighborhoods, The Quality of Physical and Non-Physical (Social Environment) Housing, The Child Care and Social Security, The Education and Development, The Facilities, Infrastructure and Activities that support the growth and development of children, The Protection of children, and The Child Participation.

      REFERENCES

      1. Source: Analysis, 2015

   Based on the analysis and triangulation of the above, the following are the factors forming the child-friendly kampoong is based on the perception of the child, which is supported by the perception of parents / guardians, community leaders, and experts.

   1. The Role of Consciousness of Parent/ Guardian The Social cohesiveness

   2. The Feelings of In-Group and Out-Group of Children

   3. The Control of Parent/ Guardian

   4. The Dominance of Public Facilities Use

   5. The child's Self-Actualization

   6. The Availability of Basic Infrastructure Facilities and Neighborhoods

   7. The Quality of Physical and Non-Physical (Social Environment) Housing

   8. The Child Care and Social Security

   9. The Education and Development

   10. The Facilities, Infrastructure and Activities that support the growth and development of children

   11. The Protection of children

   12. The Child Participation

5. CONCLUSION

Based on the child's perception, RT 07 – RW 06 Kelurahan Wonokusumo not friendly for children although it has won Inisiasi Kampunge Arek Suroboyo (IKAS) programme. Some things that have not felt comfortable by the child as a lack of closeness with neighbors / residents, there is still a place to be feared and shunned them because they feel alien, the limitations of children accessing public places and places of

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