Hybrid Technique used for Geofencing and Rescue System for Fisherman (Fisherman Protection System)

Hybrid Technique used for Geofencing and Rescue System for Fisherman (Fisherman Protection System)

R. Solaraja

ECE final year

Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Institute of Research and Technology, Perambalur, India

Abstract Tamilnadu is one of the leading States in India in Fisheries Development having coastal length of 1076 km The main theme of this paper is to save the lives of poor fishermen who is severely punishing by the other country coastal guards. In day-by-day life we hear about many Tamilnadu fishermen being caught and put under Srilankan custody and even killed. The sea border between the countries is not easily identifiable, which is the main reason for this cross border cruelty. Here we have designed a system using embedded system which protects the fishermen by notifying the country border and the boat does not go to out of border by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication. Using GPS, we can find the current latitude and longitude values and is sent to the microcontroller unit. Then the controller unit finds the current location by comparing the present latitude and longitudinal values with the predefined value, until boat is going to forward direction, when the boat crossing of border, motor will be turn off and motor is rotate in reverse direction simultaneously from the result of the comparison, this system aware the fishermen that they are about to reach the nautical border by voice speaker. In addition, the GPS information is sent to coastal guard where it is read and then through a GSM device, information is sent to the family at crossed border who are in expectation about their family member's safety. Fuel level will indicate LCD display at regular intervals. Emergency unit is provided voice alert for safety in the boat. Recording voice can be change in different types. Device has been created to help them not to move beyond the border by motor. On the whole, it is an attempt to build a suitable device for the fishermen at a reasonably low cost.

Keywords GPS vehicle tracker, border alert system GSM technology.

1. INTRODUCTION

   The Tamil Nadu fishermen even today invoke the historical rights and routinely stay into the International Maritime Boundary Line for fishing. From Tamil Nadu about 18,000 boats of different kinds conduct fishing along the India-Sri Lanka maritime border. But by accidentally crossing the border without knowledge, they get shot by the Sri Lankan navy. Tamil Nadu fishermen were arrested in separate batches by Sri Lankan Naval personnel near Katchatheevu in the Palk Straits and close to the Lankan coast respectively, a fisheries department official said The Sri Lankan naval allegedly damaged two boats by forcing them to collide and also broke 40 fishing nets.

   The fishermen have been taken to Talaimannar and Kangesanthurai respectively, boats were also seized. This leads to loss in the both humans as well as their economic incomes. We have developed a system which eliminates such problems and saves the lives of the fishermen.

   Figure 1. India and Srilanka border

   The GPS receiver receives the signal and converts it into desired data message. The data is sent to microcontroller and microcontroller extracts the latitude and longitude from the data. The positions are compared with the stored Boundary latitude and longitude positions. If the vessel is found beyond the border, motor will be turn off and motor is rotate in reverse direction then an alarm is generated along with a message transmission by a GSM.

2. WORK FLOW DIAGRAM

   The GPS receiver receives the signal and converts it into desired data message. The data is sent to microcontroller and microcontroller extracts the latitude and longitude from the data. The positions are compared with the stored Boundary latitude and longitude positions. If the vessel is found beyond the border, motor will be turn off and motor is

   rotate in reverse direction then an alarm is generated along with a message transmission by a GSM.

   Micro controller is sent to family members through GSM system even information is immediately sent to the coast guard and the necessary action is taken. Fuel levels indicate LCD displayed at regular intervals by float using as the float changes the resistance value depending on the fuel level.

   Figure 2 flow diagram

3. EMERGENCY UNIT

   In case of cyclone formation or any other critical situation such as gun shoot, tsunami, medical emergency occur when the emergency unit useful to fisherman. Because approximately 15 km distance in between of India (Tamilnadu) and Srilanka.

   Figure 3. Flow diagram of emergency unit

   Indian coastal guard can be reach to location by GPS and recovery of fisherman problems in easily and quickly. Emergency unit is provided voice alert for safety in the boat. Micro controller is information sent to family members and coastal guard through GSM system

4. INTERFACING WITH MICRO CONTROLLER The existing system used as AT89C51

   microcontroller. The main disadvantages of AT89C51 there are no inbuilt ADC and EEPROM, if it is need more space in the circuits. The propose system use as ATMEGA162 microcontroller. It has inbuilt of ADC, EEPROM. It need only less amount of instruction so the system will fast. 131 Powerful Instructions can be executing in Single-clock Cycle Execution.

   Figure 4. Interfacing with micro controller

   1. GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM DEVICE

      The Global Positioning System based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions. Positioning system basically consists of two and Receiver. GPS or Global Positioning Systems are used extensively by surveyors as they provide accurate latitude and longitude positions. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a technical marvel made possible by a group of satellites in earth orbit that transmit precise signals, allowing GPS receivers to calculate and display accurate location, speed, and time information to the user. It is hard to believe that something that was developed for military use and in missile guidance is now being used and accessed by the average person anywhere in the world. GPS works accurately in all weather conditions, day or night, around the clock, around the globe and has since become a multi-billion-rand industry with a wide array of products and services.

      1. DGPS

         Normally GPS units provides from 10 to 20-meter accuracy. Many types of GPS receivers used to find the current location. Differential Global Positioning System to obtain much higher accuracy. DGPS requires an additional receiver fixed at a known location nearby. Observations made by the stationary receiver are used to correct positions recorded by the roving units, producing an accuracy greater than from 1meter up to 3meter.

      2. GSM

         Global System for Mobile communications is a digital cellular technology.it is used for sending mobile voice and data. It operates at either the 900 MHz or 1800 MHz frequency band. GSM module is connected to microcontroller. Micro controller has database of latitude and longitude position value. Signal fed into the GSM unit from the controller and enabled of GSM module until GSM module is hold. The information is sent to the family members mobile through SMS when crossing of the border is done. Simultaneously information is sent to the border security and immediately prevent action is taken. This process also same for emergency unit when it is active.

      3. AVR MICROCONTROLLER

         The AVR architecture is the fast-access RISC register file, whch consists of 32 x 8-bit general purpose working registers, 131 Powerful Instructions execute within one single clock cycle. ATmega162 micro controller is consisting features of 16K Bytes of In-System Self- Programmable Flash program memory, 512 Bytes EEPROM, 1K Bytes Internal SRAM Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator. The ATmega162 has an external memory bus for interfacing up to 64k of memory. It has four timers – two 8-bit, and two 16-bit, as well as two USARTS. The device does not have an ADC. It is similar in function to the ATmega8515, but with twice the memory and more I/O.

      4. AVR COMPILER

         High Level Languages (HLLs) are rapidly becoming the standard methodology for embedded microcontrollers due to improved time-to-market and simplified maintenance support. In order to ensure that the new ATMEL AVR family of microcontrollers was well suited as a target for C compiler, the external C compiler development was started before the AVR architecture and instruction set were completed. During the initial development of the C compiler, several potential improvements in the AVR were identified and implemented. The result of this cooperation between the compiler developer and the AVR development team is a microcontroller for which highly efficient, high performance code is generated.

      5. SUB-COMPONENTS

         FUEL LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING FLOAT

         Float is the one type of transducer which is used to measure the fuel level in the tank. The float changes the resistance value depending on the fuel level. This change is resistance is converted into corresponding voltage signal which is given to inverting input terminal of the comparator. The reference voltage is given to non-inverting input terminal. The comparator is constructed by the operational amplifier LM 741. The comparator compares with reference fuel level and delivered the error voltage at the output terminal. Then the error voltage is given to next stage of gain amplifier which is constructed by another operational amplifier LM 741. In the gain amplifier the variable resistor is connected in the feedback path, by adjusting the resistor we can get the desired gain. Then the final voltage is given to ADC for convert the analog signal to digital signal. Then the corresponding digital signal is given to microcontroller in order to find the fuel level in the tank.

         DC MOTOR

         Motors convert electrical energy (from a battery or voltage source) into mechanical energy (used to cause rotation). A simple DC motor has a coil of wire that can rotate in a magnetic field. The current in the coil is supplied via two brushes that make moving contact with a split ring. The coil lies in a steady magnetic field. The forces exerted on the current-carrying wires create a torque on the coil.

         Figure 5. Motor control by Relay

         Generally, the rotational speed of a DC motor is proportional to the voltage applied to it, and the torque is proportional to the current. Speed control can be achieved by variable battery tapping, variable supply voltage, resistors or electronic controls. The direction of a wound field DC motor can be changed by reversing either the field or armature connections but not both. This is commonly done with a special set of contactors (direction contactors).

      6. BOUNDARY LOCATIONS

         The boundary points are marked in figure. These points should be stored in microcontroller. The computation is done in microcontroller with these points.

         Figure 6. Boundary of India and Srilanka

      7. BOADER BETWEEN INDIA AND SRI LANKA The maritime boundary between Sri Lanka and India

         in the Bay of Bengal shall be arcs of great circles between the Following positions, in the sequence given below, defined by latitude and longitude

         Border	Latitude & longitude value
         Point1	+10 50.00 & +80 030.00
         Point2	+9 60.00 & +79 320.00
         Point3	+8 22.2 & +78 55.4
         Point4	+7 53.3 & +78 45.7
         Point5	+ 5 53.9 & +77 50.7

         Figure 7. Latitude & longitude value

         Figure 8. Rescue system for fisherman

      8. CONCLUSION

This paper aims at providing peace at the borders and reduces the tensions between the two countries. Thus saving their lives and providing good relationship with the neighboring countries. Also, the piracy of ship can be easily brought under control. The system devise will also include a waterproof casing such that the circuit is not prone to any damage. This model proves to challenge the already existing model which just uses a GPS device to track the border and make the boat move backwards as motor. The system proposed will not only alert the fishermen but also carries the information to the control station and also notifies the family members through the GSM system. In case the boat is lost due to rough conditions of the sea (or) intentional crossing of the border is done, then the information is immediately sent to the border security and the necessary action is taken.

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