Optimization of Bit Error Rate Analysis of the V-BLAST MIMO channels – A Review

Sr.

No.

Author

Title of the Paper

Conclusion

1.

Shreedhar. A.

Joshi et

al.(2001)

Performance analysis of MIMO technology using v- blast technique for different linear detectors in a slow fading channel

This paper proposed the performance evaluation of V-BLAST with several detectors (ZF, MMSE) in slow fading channels. Furthermore, the introduction of SIC schemes still improves the independent coded V-BLAST system. . In this way, it is proved that, MIMO is an important key technology for the Fourth generation wireless networks.

2.

Nasir D. Gohar et al.( May-June 2003)

V-BLAST: a space-division multiplexing technique Providing a spectral efficiency necessary for high

Data rate wireless networks

V-Blast is an SDM technique whose spectral efficiency is amazingly very high. V-BLAST is future technology for high data rate wireless networks. Application of SD algorithm to VBLAST architecture has shown promising results

to enhance its spectral efficiency even further.

3.

Mr. Shreedhar

A. Joshi

Error rate analysis of the v- blast MIMO channels using interference cancellation detectors

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems which have recently emerged as a key technology in wireless communication systems for increasing both data rates and system performance. The Vertical Bell Labs Space-Time Architecture (V-BLAST) is one of the schemes, which can be applied to MIMO

wireless system. This paper proposes

signal detectors for V-BLAST architecture with Maximum Likelihood (ML), Zero-Forcing (ZF), Minimum Mean-Square Error (MMSE), and Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) detectors and simulates these structures in Rayleigh fading channel. The proposed analysis also compares the performances of MIMO system with different modulation techniques like BPSK and QPSK in Fading and A WGN channels. Based on bit error rates, we analyze the performance and the computational complexity of these

schemes.

4.

Sergey Loyka

Performance Analysis of the V-BLAST Algorithm:

An Analytical Approach

This approach presents a new geometrical view of the V-BLAST and explains some of its properties in a complete and rigorous form, including a statistical analysis of Post processing signal-to-noise ratios for a 2× n system (where n is the number of receive antennas).Closed-form analytical expressions of the vector signal at ith processing step and its power are presented.. It is shown that the optimal ordering is based on the least correlation criterion and that the after-processing signal power is determined by the channel correlation matrices in a fashion similar to the channel capacity. Closed- form analytical expressions are derived for outage probabilities and average BER of a 2 × n system. The effect of the optimal ordering is shown to be to increase the first step SNR by 3 dB (rather than to increase the diversity order as one might intuitively expect based on the selection combining argument) and to increase the second

step outage probability twice.

and Francois

Gagnon(July-

2004)

5.

Pravin Kumar Barmashe, Prof. Rajesh Nema

Performance Evaluation of V-Blast MIMO System using BPSK

This paper presents an asymptotic analysis of the VBLAST scheme at high SNR region. Both the ZF -V-BLAST, MMSE-V -BLAST and QR-V-BLAST

are analyzed with respect to their SNR

and BER performances. Even we extended our analysis with linear and non-linear detectors like MMSE-OSIC and ZF-OSIC estimators and found that MMSE method is the best solution in

detectors in BPSK.

6.

Xiang Liu and Lajos Hanzo (2006)

Accurate BER Analysis of QPSK Modulated Asynchronous DS-CDMA Systems Communicating over Rayleigh Channels

This paper investigated the average BER performance of an asynchronous DS-

CDMA system using I/Q modulation

and random spreading sequences, when communicating over Rayleigh channels. A new closed-form expression was derived for the conditional CF of the MAI. Furthermore, an accurate expression based on the CF approach was provided for calculating the average BER of the system, which requires only a single integration. The accuracy of our accurate BER expression was confirmed by our simulation results for various spreading sequence lengths. By contrast, the limited accuracy of the SGA was also demonstrated, which becomes more prevalent when a low number of interferers is encountered and short

spreading sequences are used.

7.

Sanchis-Borras et al.

Performance of QSTBC and VBLAST algorithms for MIMO channels in tunnels

Multiple- inputmultiple output (MIMO) systems is strongly affected by the properties of the channel matrices. In tunnels, despite the small angular spreads of the rays, it has already been shown that the average mutual information can be strongly enhanced using MIMO rather than single-inputsingle-output (SISO). Furthermore the use of polarization diversity is also studied. In this paper for a (4,4) MIMO transmission in tunnels at 3 GHz and using compact arrays, MIMO outperforms SISO in terms of not only mutual information but also of bit error rate assuming the same transmitting power and the same throughput. Furthermore comparisons between QSTBC and VBLAST clearly show that

QSTBC must be chosen since the correlation coefficients between antennas

strongly increase at great distances from the transmitter.

8.

Serdar Ozyurt

and Murat Torlak

An exact outage analysis of zero-forcing v-blast with greedy ordering

An outage probability analysis is carried out on zero-forcing (ZF) vertical Bell Labs Layered Space-Time (VBLAST) algorithm based on a greedy selection of decoding order, which is optimal in diversity-multiplexing trade off sense. We provide a mathematical framework to make the analysis tractable and derive the probability density function expressions of the squared sub stream gains. Especially, we obtain compact expression on the joint pdf of squared sub stream gains for any number of transmit and receive antennas. Moreover using the analytical results, we illustrate the optimum cut-off value under optimal power allocation that minimizes the total consumed power for a given target total rate. Finally we provide numerical results and verify our analysis by means of simulations

9.

Ronald B¨ohnke and KarlDirk

Kammeyer(July 2006)

SINR Analysis for VBLAST with

Ordered MMSESIC Detection

This paper presented a new unified approach to the SINR analysis of V- BLAST with (ordered) ZF- or MMSE- SIC detection. Based on geometrical considerations, the SINR distribution of the first layer was calculated f or different receiver architectures by first conditioning on, and then averaging over the effective channel gain of the second layer. The effects of an optimized detection order and MMSE interference suppression were investigated separately and visualized by means of the conditional cdf of SINR1. Furthermore, it was shown analytically that the optimal ordering is even more important in

combination with MMSE filtering.

10.

Nirmalendu Bikas Sinha et al. (Feb.2010)

Optimization of MIMO detectors: Unleashing the multiplexing gain

The MIMO principle is based on a rich multipath environment without a normal Line-of-Sight (LOS) that is the Rayleigh

flat fading channel, due to movement or

other changes in the environment, LOS situation can arise. So finally we proposed that ML detector for MIMO-V- Blast in slow fading channel with QPSK modulation is the ultimate optimization technique in the next generation

broadband communication system.

11.

Vikas Chauhan et al.(2011)

Comparative BER Performance of PSK based modulation

Techniques under Multipath Fading

• BER for BPSK and QPSK are similar except a 0 BER can be obtain for BPSK at a lower E b/N0 ( I .e lower signal power).

• . BER obtained for all PSK schemes under 4-Path Rayleigh Fading Channel are lower than the 1-Path Rayleigh Fading Channel.

• BER obtained for GMSK is higher compared to BER obtained for BPSK and QPSK but at higher E b/N0 , the BER for GMSK is lower than both BPSK

and QPSK.

12.

Shreedhar A

Joshi1 et

al.(Nov.2011)

Analysis of V-BLAST Techniques for MIMO Wireless

Channels with different modulation techniques using Linear and Non Linear Detection

Based on bit error rate, we show the performance of these receiver schemes indicates that the ordered OSIC detector based receiver with ZF or MMSE combined with symbol cancellation and optimal ordering to improve the performance with lower complexity and compare the computational complexity of these schemes. The different modulation schemes definitely help in analyzing these detection algorithms. The Maximum-Likelihood (ML) detection most effectively balances the accuracy of

symbol detection with any SNR values.

13.

Gurpreet Singh et al (2012).

BER analysis of v-blast MIMO systems under various channel modulation techniques in mobile RADIO channels

In this paper, we studied MIMO V- BLAST system performance under i.i.d Rayleigh channel. Further this system is compared with different modulation technique and system gets better result in BPSK modulation .Fig.5 shows the simulation results for BPSK modulation with only ML decoding technique using

various antennas at input and output. In this we will more optimal result for 4 x 4

antennas for VBLAST system.

14.

Prof. Shreedhar.

A. Joshi et al

.(2012)

Performance Analysis of V- BLAST Detection Techniques For MIMO Technology

This paper provided a general multiple antenna system(MIMO) with the V- BLAST technique using several detectors (MMSE, ML, ZF and QR). We conclude that the performance is limited by error propagation. A comparative study of various linear and non linear detectors is made by comparing their outputs with reference to the plots of BER and their corresponding SNR. We show the benefits of ordering strategy over SIC and PIC cancellation methods. MIMO is an important technology for enabling the wireless industry to deliver a vast potential and promise of wireless broadband. However, the drawback of BLAST algorithms is the propagation of decision errors. Furthermore, due to the interference suppression, early detected symbols at the receiver benefit from lower diersity than later ones. Thus, the algorithm results in unequal diversity

advantage for each symbol.

15.

Vinay Panwar et al(2012)

Bit Error Rate (BER) Analysis of Rayleigh Fading Channels in Mobile Communication

Bit error rate performances for Mobile communication with BPSK transmission schemes have been evaluated with random data. Two types of fading, large- scale and small scale were described. Generation of Rayleigh faded envelope for varying number of paths are shown. BER Performance of a BPSK signal in presence of AWGN and Rayleigh

Channel.

16.

C. Sanchis- Borras,et al.(2012)

MIMO Performances in Tunnel Environment: Interpretation from the Channel Characteristics

The MIMO channel characteristics around 3 GHz deduced either form the modal theory or from measurements strongly varies with the distance between the transmitter and the receiver. As soon as this distance becomes greater than 100 m, the VBLAST algorithm does not give satisfying results due to the increase of the correlation between array elements and of the condition number of the transfer matrix. OSTBC or QSTBC must

thus be chosen and, for the same bit rate,

outperforms SISO in terms of bit error rate. Similar results were obtained for other carrier frequencies between 3 and 5

GHz.

17.

G.Tharakanatha et al. (Sep.2013)

Implementation and Bit Error Rate analysis of BPSK Modulation and Demodulation Technique using MATLAB

This paper performs the Bit Error Rate analysis using Matlab Graphical User Interface., BER Tool. Two types of simulations are performed, one is theoretical simulations and it is verified with the Monte Carlo design simulations. Later on a BPSK system is simulated using the Matlab text editor. The design of the BPSK system in MATLAB

Simulink is performed and all the results are plotted.