Salinity Removal Efficiency of Vetiver Grass from Laterite Soil

Salinity Removal Efficiency of Vetiver Grass from Laterite Soil

Rinitha P

Dept. Of Civil Engineering

(APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University) College Of Engineering Thalassery (APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University) Kannur, India

Anugraha A

Dept. Of Civil Engineering

(APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University) College Of Engineering Thalassery (APJ Abdul Kalam

Technological University) Kannur, India

Athira N

Dept. Of Civil Engineering

(APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University) College Of Engineering Thalassery (APJ Abdul Kalam

Technological University ) Kannur, India

Pranav P V

Dept. Of Civil Engineering

(APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University) College Of Engineering Thalassery (APJ Abdul Kalam

Technological University Kannur, India

Nakul A

Dept.Of Civil Engineering (APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University) College Of Engineering Thalassery (APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University)

Kannur, India

Abstract Rapid population increase, along with rapid industrialization and agricultural practices, causes major environmental problems, such as the development and release of massive amounts of toxic waste into the soil environment which . This project uses vetiver grass for removing excess salt content in the soil. It has the ability to adapt and develop in a variety of habitats, as well as quickly recover from poor environmental conditions. Salinity causes poor water access and weak seedbeds, slowing plant growth.

For the experiment samples were created artificially by adding regulated amounts of salt. The tests last approximately three months.. The tests last approximately three months.

Index TermsVetiver, salinity, Phytoremediation,

I.INTRODUCTION

1. Need of the study

   Soil is an important component of the environment, as it plays a role in a variety of ecosystem services. However, inadequate land management practices have resulted in a fall in actual and/or potential soil productivity, posing a serious challenge to sustainable agriculture and environmental quality, putting many countries' food security at risk. Poor land management practices often result in soil erosion and agrochemical pollution as a result of agricultural activities, urban trash, and industrial operations, reducing the soil's ability for long-term food production and impacting plants, animals, and human lives.

   Vetiver grass is a tufted bunch grass that thrives in both tropical and temperate climates. Heavy metals don't bother

   vetiver grass. It could be used to fight pests biologically. When compared to other soil conservation technologies, the usage of vetiver grass has been viewed as a low-cost solution for soil and water conservation, stability and repair of polluted soils, and enhancement of water quality for irrigation applications.

   II.METHODOLOGY

   Firstly, we chose the subject that we needed for our research. We looked through numerous journals and devised a plan for what we needed to do. We then decided to apply a 2 stage procedure for checking the tolerance level of the plant against saline soil conditions. Laterite soil, that is common in kerala was taken and salt was artificially added to make it saline. this soil was taken as samples for checking the salinity tolerance of vetiver plants. We employed four 3.5kg pots of soil for saline soil preparation, resulting in salt weights of 8.96, 44.8, 67.2, and 89.6 g NaCl at each salinity level.and the plants were then planted in those soil and were grown for about 90 days.

   After 90 days the soil samples were sent to a laboratory for the analysis. The test results are then compared to the initial salt content in the sample.

   fig.1 Vetiver planted in pots with soil sample.

   III. INDEX PROPERTIES

   1. Grain size analysis

D60=1.49 D30=0.32 D10=0.11

Uniformity Coefficient(Cu)=D60/D10

=13.54

Coefficient of Curvature(Cc) = (D30) 2/(D60)* (D10)

=*(5)2*12.6

=989.6 cm3

Maximum dry density=1.65g/cc Optimum moisture content=12.8%

From the above values graph of density Vs

water content was plotted which is as shown (Fig.3)

=0.624

From the above table graph was plotted and its grain size distribution curve is as shown (Fig. 2)

1. Specific Gravity

   Weight of dry soil = Weight of pycnometer with dry soil(W2)- Weight of pycnometer(W1) = 300g

   Specific gravity ,G =

   (W2-W1)/(W2-W1)-(W3-

   W4) W1=554g, W2=854g, W3=1594g, W4=1432g

   G=(W2-W1)/(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)

   G=(854-554)/(854-554)-(1594-1432) G=2.17

2. water content

   Mean Water Content =2.24

3. Compaction Test

Weight of mould =4645kg

Diameter of mould= 10cm Height of mould = 12.6cm Volume =r2h

Fig 3 .Density VS Water content REFERENCE

[1] Joice K Joseph, Amrutha Haridasan , Karunakaran Akhildev and Pradeep Kumar AP (2017) , Applications of Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogonzizanioides) in Eco System Based Disaster Risk Reduction – Studies from Kerala State of India, Journal of Geography & Natural Disasters,(2017)

[2] Davound Akhzari, Alireza Ildoromi, Maryam Dashti Maravili (2013) Effect of Salinity on Seedling Growth and Physiological Traits of Vetiver Grass journal of rangeland science (2013)

[3] Doan Chi Cuong1 , Vo Van Minp, and Paul Truong2 Effects of Sea Water Salinity on the Growth of Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon Zizanioides L.) Modern Environmental Science and Engineering (ISSN 2333-2581) October 2015, Volume 1

[4] Nor Azizi Yusoff, Mohamad Fazrin Mohamad Fauzi and FirdaursAbdullaha (2016) , The Study of Soil-Roots Strength Performance by Using Pennisetum Setaceum Grass ,The 3rd International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering for Sustainability,Vol. 47, 03021 (2016).

[5] Mohammmad S. Islam1, Md. Z. U. Arif2, Faria F. Badhon3, Soumik Mallick4, Tanzila Islam (2016) Investigation Of Vetiver Root Growth In Sandy Soil, Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka