The Study Of Vermicompost By Optimization Of Organic Waste

The Study Of Vermicompost By Optimization Of Organic Waste

Rahul Patil1, Shashank H L2, Uma T3, Triveni G T4, Naveen Huggi5

Department of Civil Engineering, JIT Davangere, India

Abstract Vermicomposting is a process of a decomposition of organic waste with the help of earth worms yielding a better end product called vermicast. Vermicompost is considered an organic fertilizer as it is rich in nutrient and acting as soil conditioner. The results we obtained are low as per FCO since the process mainly depends on the weather conditions the time, we did was in summer but the temperature the good the compost rate will be The yield can be enriched by maintaining low temperature and by adding kitchen waste and also effective utilization of verms we can produce more amount of organic waste.

KeywordDecomposition, Vermicast, Organic fertilizer, Soil conditioner

1. INTRODUCTION

   • Generation of solid waste has a universal problem which are facing by most of the countries in present scenario

   • Vermicomposting is a sample biotechnological process involves the stabilization of organic solid waste through earth worms

     Fig 1 Materials Collection 1 1 TYPES OF VERMICOMPOST:

   • Vermicompostinginbin

   • Vermicomposting invermicomposting pile

   1 2 VERMICOMPOST BYPRODUCTS:

   • Vermicompost manure: Vermicompost manure is a

   main outcome of vermicomposting which is eco- friendly with almost zero chemicals content and rich the contents of necessary for the growth of plants or for agriculture

   Fig 2 Vermicompost manure

   • Vermi-wash: Vermi-wash is the byproduct which can be obtained by cultivating vermicomposting in large scale that is in piles It is also acts a pesticide with zero chemical content And it also helps in good yield

     Fig 3Vermi-wash

   • Worms: Vermicomposting worms are the main source of the whole process without them whole process without them whole terminology is nil

     Fig 4 Worms

2. OBJECTIVE

   • To convert the waste into organic manure

   • To prepare vermicompost fromthe dry leaves available in the JIT campus

   • To obtain NPK test (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) on the obtained compost and to compare the obtained N,P and K values with standard value as per

   Fco(foreign and common wealth office)

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3. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

   3 1 MATERIALS

   • Organic waste-dry leaves

   • Earthworms

   • Cow dung

   • Soil

   • Plastic vermicompost bag

   • Eggshells

   3 2 MATERIALS USED

   3 2 1 ORGANIC WASTE-DRY LEAVES

   • It provides raw materials in form of forage and fodder, leaf litter for both animal bedding and composting with dung to provide manure We used

   3 2 4 SOIL

   Fig 12 Cow Dung

   the different types of leaves available in local villages in davangere around We used shredded leaves

   Fig 10 Organic Waste-Dry Leaves 3 2 2 EARTHWORMS

   • Eisenia fetida, also termed as banded worms, are the most widely used species for the degradation and stabilization of different types of organic wastes, including neem leaves, dung of cow, market waste, wheat straw, kitchen waste and institutional institutional and industrial wastes, cow manure, and textile mill sludge mixed with poultry dropping Generally, Eisenia fetida is widely used all over the globe

   • Soil is commonly used for management of organic

   wastes by decomposed and humification of biodegradable organic waste carried out by microbes present in the soil and gut of earthworm

   Fig 13 Soil

   3 2 5 PLASTIC VERMICOMPOST BAGS

   • Vermicomposting bags are made up of plastic material according to IS standards of different sizes, we are conducting composting

   • Size 4x4x2 ft

   • Price 1850/- Rs

   • Source amazon (online shopping)

   • holding capacity and prevents soil erosion

   3 2 3 COW DUNG

   Fig 11 Earthworms

   Fig 14 Plastic Vermicompost Bags

   • We use cow dung available near villages and use it in

   the slurry formation

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   3 2 6 EGG SHELLS

   • Egg shells are useful to vermicomposting bins because they help increase the pH of the entire bin contents to make it less acidic

   • Hosabelavanuru

     Fig 15 Egg Shells

     3 3 METHODOLOGY

     • Vermicompost will be prepared in a plastic bag (Size: 4x4x2)

     • Collected the dried biomass (dry leaves) and chonpedthem

     • Mixed the chopped dry material with cow dung in a 50:50 ratio and will be kept them aside for 15-20 days for partial decomposition

     • Added a thin layer of soil/sand (2-3 inches) at the bottom of tank

     • Released the earthworms in the tank (2kgs) Covered the mixture with green leaves

     • Monitoring the bin and added egg shells

     • Watered regularly to maintain moisture (15litres/week)

     • Sample was collected and submitted for npk test at Amruth organic fertilizers industries

     3 3 1 SAMPLE COLLECTED AREA:

     • Shiramagondanahally

   • Naganur

   • Shamnur

   Fig 7 Hosabelavanuru

   Fig 8Naganuru

   Fig 6 Shiramagondanahally

   Fig 9 Shamnur

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   3 3 2 IMPORTANCE OF VERMICOMPOSTING

   • Vermicompostingconvertsmaterialintowormcasting called Vermicompost Earth worms consume various types of organic wastes such as sewage sludge, animal wastes,

   • crop residues and industrial refuse and reduce its volume by40-60% Leaf waste is one of the types of organic waste which is processed through earthworm

   • Several researchers were succeed to covert leaflitter into vermicompost and used either

   • alone or with biofertilizer or inorganicfertilizerson several crops

   1. 3 3 ADVANTAGES OF VERMICOMPOSTING

      • Vermicompost is an eco-friendly biofertilizer

      • It is also rich in beneficial microflore such as N-fixer, P-solubilizers and cellulose decomposer

      • Vermicompost is richer in micro-nutrients than other composites

      • It enhances the decomposition of organic matter in soil and also minimize the incidence of pests and diseases in crop

      • It improves soil structure, aeration, texture, water

4. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

1. 1 TEST RESULTS ON COLLECTED SAMPLES TABLE 1 HOSABELVANURU

7 73

TABLE 2 NAGNNUR

TABLE 3 SHAMANNUR

TABLE 4 SHIRMANHALLI

TABLE 5 SOIL ANALYSIS RESULTS

CONCLUSION

We did the project on Vermicomposting at Shamnur, Naganur, HosaBelavnur, Shiramagondanahalli to convert waste into best since our villages is filled with lot of trees We took a step to do vermicomposting only with the leaves available in the villages, soil and cow dung We avoided kitchen waste and turning of compost regularly to avoid the odour smell The results we obtained are low as per FCO since the process mainly depends on the weather conditions the time, we did was in summer but the temperature the good the compost rate will be The yield can be enriched by maintaining low temperature and by adding kitchen waste

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REFERENCES

1. Aira M, Sampedro L, Monroy F, Dominguez J (2008) Detritivorous earthworms directly modify the structure, thus altering the functioning of a micro- decomposer food web

2. Kumari A, Kapoor KK, Kundu BS, Mehta RK (2008) Identification of organic acids produced during rice straw decomposition and their role in rock phosphate solubilization

3. Bhattacharya SS, Iftikar W, Sahariaha B, Chattopadhyay GN (2012) Vermicomposting converts fly ash to enrich soil fertility and sustain crop growth in red and lateritic soils ResourConserv Recycle 65: 100106

4. Gomez-Brandon M, Dominguez J (2014) Recycling of solid organic wastes through vermicomposting: microbial community changes throughout the process and use of vermicompost as a soil amendment

5. Malinska K, Golanska M, Caceres R, Rorat A, Weisser P, Slezak E (2017) Biochar amendment for integrated composting and vermicomposting of sewage sludgethe effect of biochar on the activity of Eisenia fetida and the obtained vermicompost

6. Suparno, Budi Prasetya, Abu Talkah, Soemarno, The Study of Vermicomposting Optimization of Organic Waste, (2017)

7. Usmani Z, Kumar V, Mritunjay SK (2017) Vermicomposting of coal fly ash using epigeic and epi-endogeic earthworm species: nutrient dynamics and metal remediation

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